Phylogenetic Study of Ganoderma applanatum and Schizopora paradoxa Basd on 5S rRNA Sequences

김학현,정학성,Kim, Hak-Hyun,Jung, Hack-Sung The Microbiological Society of Korea 1994 미생물학회지 Vol.32 No.3

담자균류 균심류의 영지과에 속하는 잔나비걸상(Ganoderma applanatum)과 구멍장이 버섯과에 속하는 좀구멍버섯 (Schizopora paradoxa) 두 종의 5S rRNA 염기서열들을 (EMBL accession mumbers X73589 and X73890) directchemical method로 분석 결정하고 담자균류 균심류와 복균류의 기존에 밝혀진 9종 버섯의 염기서열과 비교하였다. 잔나비걸상과 좀구멍버섯의 5S rRNA는 각각 118개의 염기로 구성되어 있으며 B형 5S rRNA에 해당하였고 Huysmans 등이 제시한 2차구조의 모델에 들어 맞으며 Walker와 Doolittle이 제시한 제 5 염기서열군에 속하였다. 진화거리를 나타내는 Kimura의 염기치환상수 $K_{nuc}$값에 으하면 잔나비걸상과 가장 가까운 좋은 고약버석과의 Ceratobasidium cornigerum으로서 염기 3개의 차이를 보였으며 좀구멍버섯과 가장 가까운 좋은 구멍장이 보섯과의 줄버섯(Bjerkandera adusta)으로서 염기 두개의 차이를 보였다.11개 5S rRNA의 이차구조를 비교하였을때 염기의 치환은 loop 부분보다는 helix 부분에서 많이 일어났으며, 이는 helix 부분이 loop 부분보다는 진화적으로 덜 보존되어 있고 진화 분지를 형성하는데 보다 많은 영향을 주었음을 시사하였다. Kimura의 two parameter method로 계산된distance matrix를 사용하고 Felsenstein PHYLIP package의 Neighbor program에서 Neighborjpomomg option을 이용하여 계통수를 그렸을 때 균심류의 버섯들은 부분적으로 목별로 구분되었다. 균심류의 민주름버섯목에는 적어도 먹물버섯류(Coprinus radiatus)를 제외한 2개의 계통분지가 있고 주름버섯목에도 2개의 계통 분지가 있으며, 복균류에는 말불버섯(Lycoperdon pyriforme)이 독립된 계통분지를 형성하고 있음을 시사하였다. The sequences of the cytoplasmic 5S rRNAs(EMBL accession number X73589 and X73890) from two polupores, Ganoderma applanatum and Schizopora paradoxa, were determined by the direct chemical method for sequencing RNA and compared to the sequences of 9 reported mushrooms. 5S rRNAs of Ganoderma applanatum and Schizopora paradoxa consisted of 118 bases and fit the secondary structure model of the 5S rRNAs of basidiomycetes proposed by Huysmans et al. Based on Kimura’s K_nuc values, the closest fungus to Ganoderma applanatum was Ceratobasidium cornigerum and the one to Schizopora paradoxa was Bjerkandera adusta. When the secondary structures of 5S rRNAs of 11 mushrooms were compared the base substitution occurred at helix regions more than at loop regions. When a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor program of the PHYLIP package, it partially discriminated and separated the mushrooms of the Hymenomycetes by the order.

효율적인 주파수 변조된 초음파 파형 발생을 위한 최적화된 시그마 델타 변조 기법

김학현,한호산,송태경,Kim, Hak-Hyun,Han, Ho-San,Song, Tai-Kyong 대한의용생체공학회 2007 의공학회지 Vol.28 No.3

A coded excitation has been studied to improve the performance for ultrasound imaging in term of SNR, imaging frame rate, contrast to tissue ratio, and so forth. However, it requires a complicated arbitrary waveform transmitter for each active channel that is typically composed of a multi-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) and a linear power amplifier (LPA). Not only does the LPA increase the cost and size of a transmitter block, but it consumes much power, increasing the system complexity further and causing a heating-up problem. This paper proposes an optimized 1.5bit fourth order sigma-delta modulation technique applicable to design an efficient arbitrary waveform generator with greatly reduced power dissipation and hardware. The proposed SDM can provide a required SQNR with a low over-sampling ratio of 4. To this end, the loop coefficients are optimized to minimize the quantization noise power in signal band while maintaining system stability. In addition, the decision level for the 1.5 bit quantizer is optimized for a given input waveform, which results in the SQNR improvement of more than 5dB. Computer simulation results show that the SQNR of a FM(frequency modulated) signal generated by using the proposed method is about 26dB, and the peak side-lobe level (PSL) of its compressed waveform on receive is -48dB.

박상륭 場연작 연구

김학현(Hak Hyun Kim) 한국현대소설학회 2011 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.48

It may be rare to find an author whose novels are original but not properly evaluated than Park Sang-ryung. Author Park Sang-ryung has made an unchallenged move since he left his own footprint of novels in the 1960s. It is ``a series of Jang`` that author Park Sang-ryung, who dreamed of the so-called mythicization of a novel, first finished after choosing a series of novels as a writing technique, Especially the work a series of Jang is connected with his collection of proses Sanhaegi. If we could say ≪Sanhaegi≫ is the theory of his novel-writing method, then it`s the very a series of Jang that realizes the theory. First, in <Cuma Jang>, this work suggests the fact that the subject of a mythology is neither a body nor a soul, but the Word [prophecy] through Couvelaire`s mythology. The next <Sangdong Jang>, this work poses the cosmos of a soul, not a body, and possibility of eternal life through a teacher. Simultaneously, the work explains the process of birth of a new mythology after the existing mythology disappears through degradation. The concept of this degradation becomes the most important one in Park Sang-ryung`s novel which uses a series of novels as a formal characteristic. In <Sannam Jang>, this work suggest a new concept of eternal life through the concept of the inside and outside of a leper`s body. That means the eternal life of the internal attempting at cleanness of the inside through the filth of the external. After all, the conclusion that a body and soul cannot be separated from each other comes to negate the premise of the concept of basic eternal life-separation of a soul and body. In <Sanbuk Jang>, the concept of degradation in Sandong Jang is actualized. At the same time, it is realizing ≪Sanhaegi≫`s Zarathustra different from Nietzsche`s Zarathustra. ``A series of Jang`` can be judged to realize the first outcome produced by his novel-writing method. Accordingly, his writings in his view of the world are incessantly linked through the process in which basic mythology turns into a new mythology through the variation on eternal life, and through the repeated concept that the process is a degradation. The characteristic of such a series of novels could be used as a reading method looking at other series of novels, such as <Scorching Sunshine>, <Namdo> and <Yeolmyeonggil>.

Polygonum cuspidatum Root Extract Inhibiting Simultaneously Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterease Activities

Hak hyun Kim(김학현),Hyo Jeong Shin(신효정),Se Hui Jung(정세희),Koo Yeon Lee(이구연) 한국약용작물학회 2019 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

토목분야 Ⅱ - 굴착토를 축조재료로 활용한 예천양수발전소 콘크리트표면 차수벽형석괴댐의 연구

김학현(Hak-Hyun Kim),이영기(Young-Ki Lee),윤안상(An-Sang Yoon) 대한토목학회 2007 대한토목학회지 Vol.55 No.12

자유주제 : 박상륭의 "『남도』연작" 연구

김학현 ( Hak Hyun Kim ) 한국현대문예비평학회 2012 한국문예비평연구 Vol.- No.39

``남도 연작``은 박상륭의 초기 연작 중 마지막에 해당한다. 초기 작품에서 연작의 실험을 거쳐 중편, 장편으로 이어지는 박상륭 소설의 흐름을 고려해 본다면, ``남도 연작``은 초기 작품들과 연작들에서 보여주었던 모든 원리와 방법이 구체화 되고 체계화 된 작품이라고 할 수 있다. 연구는 먼저 박상륭 연작들의 특징을 살펴볼 것이다. 이를 바탕으로 남도 연작의 특징이 ``남도1·2``와 ``남도3``이 다르게 나타난다는 것을 살펴볼 것이다. 결국 심청이라는 하나의 이야기가 얼마나 많은 신화와 이야기들의 중첩으로 재통합될 수 있는지를 살펴봄으로써 ``혼방적 상상력`` 혹은 유헤머리즘euhemerism으로 불리는 남도 연작의 특징을 살펴볼 것이다. ``남도 연작``의 구성과 의미도출 방식은 초기소설부터 중편「유리장」으로 귀결되는 초기 박상륭 소설의 방식과 유사하며, 이것이 ``한 편의 소설 쓰기``라고 불리는 박상륭 소설의 특징을 구체화하는 근거가 될 것이다. 따라서 ``남도 연작`` 연구는 마지막 연작에 대한 연구인 동시에 박상륭 소설 전체를 다루는 단초가 될 것이다. ``A Series of Namdo`` falls under the last of the Park`s early series. Considering the stream of Park`s novel which leads to the short and long story through the experiment of a series in his early works, ``A Series of Namdo`` is the work which all his principle and method shown in the early works and series, come to be concretized and systematized. At first, This research will examine characteristic of his series. Based on it, We will find out the characteristic of ``a series of Namdo`` differently comes out between ``Namdo 1, 2`` and ``Namdo 3``. After all, By examing that a one story called ``Chun-hyang`` can be reintegrated into a piles of many myths and stories, We will find out that a characteristic of ``A Series of Namdo`` called a imagination of mixed spinning or euhemerism. The Structure and Method of ``deduction of meaning`` in the ``A Series of Namdo`` are similar to them of his early novel which is concluded to a short story ``Yuri-Jang`` from his early novel. And This will be the basis of his novel`s characteristic called ``writing a piece of novel``. Therefore, Research of ``A series of Namdo`` will be a research of the last series and be a clue dealing wih his all novel, at the same time.

문학 장르 경계 연구 -전술과 서사 장르를 중심으로-

김학현 ( Hak Hyun Kim ) 한국현대문예비평학회 2012 한국문예비평연구 Vol.- No.37

문학 장르의 경계는 작가의 상상력을 자극하고 작가들은 경계를 끊임없이 넘나듦으로써 경계를 허물어 왔다. 그러나 장르 경계의 문제가 독자의 영역으로 확대되는 과정에서는 이는 장르의 특성 뿐 아니라 평가의 문제가 되어버린다. 장르란 문학에 대한 이성적 인식, 학문적 출발에 기인하고 있다. 따라서 장르의 문제는 대학 문학 교육이 요구하는 문학 범주의 확대와 교육의 실효성을 위해서 반드시 다루어야 하는 문제이다. 이 글은 먼저 기존의 장르론을 살펴볼 것이다. 특히 ``3장르론``과 ``4장르론``을 비교하여 각 장르론의 한계를 살펴보고 그것을 보완해보고자 한다. 특히 멘델러예프의 원소주기율표를 모델로 하여 새로운 장르체계를 제시하여 우리 문학의 다양한 가능성을 보여주고자 한다. 기존 장르론의 가장 쟁점이 되었던 것이 전술·서사 장르의 문제이므로 이를 위해 전술 장르에서는 수필, 보도, 기록, 다큐멘터리의 문제와 전술 장르에서는 사소설, 역사소설, 팩션, 자전소설 등의 사례를 통해 장르 경계의 문제를 다룰 것이다. 전술의 특징인 ``사실``과 서사의 특징인 ``허구``는 일종의 서술의 전략일 뿐, 그것이 평가의 잣대가 될 수 없다. 현재 보편적으로 받아들여지는 ``4장르론``이 실제로 장르 실현에 저해될 뿐 아니라, 문학의 목적을 실현하기 어려운 이유임을 밝힐 것이다. Limitation on literary genres has stimulated the writer`s imaginations, and the writer has pulled down the limitation as relentlessly frequenting it. Nevertheless, the process in which the dilemma about the literary limitation expends to the reader`s territory develops into the dilemma of evaluation as well as the nature of genre. Since genre attributes itself to logical awareness of literature and academic departure it should be subject to he a requisite in literary education in the university, for which genre must be necessarily manipulated for the possibility of practical application in the aspect of the expansion and effect of literary domain. Hence, this paper studies previous genre theories; in particular, it compares ``Genre Theory 3`` and ``Genre Theory 4`` to look into the limitation of each genre theory and to complement each other. Specifically, Modeling Mendeleev`s Periodic Table of the Elements, this paper attempts to show various possibilities of Korea`s literature as putting forth a new genre system What has been the primary issue in previous genre theories is with tactic and narrative genres. For it this paper deals with the dilemmas about the limitation of genre by way of the dilemma in essay, news, record, and documentary for tactic genre and by way of the actual instances of autobiography, historical novel, faction, autobiographical novel, etc. for narrative genre. That the characteristic of tactics is fact while the characteristic of narrative is fiction is merely a sort of narrative tactic that cannot be a measuring yardstick ``Genre Theory 4`` commonly meognized in the present time in essence not only obstructs the realization of genre, but must be brought out as the most challenging reason to materialize the objective of literature.

글로컬리제이션, 혼방(混紡)적 상상력- "박상륭 심청이 - 남도3을 중심으로"

김학현 ( Hak Hyun Kim ) 영주어문학회 2012 영주어문 Vol.24 No.-

The concept of Glocalizaton - a compound expression of global and local - is still undetermined. It can be interpreted as a meaning of subordination or as a meaning of resistance depending on what it intends. Moreover, it can suggest a sublation of confrontation and a mutual direction of reciprocal harmony. The root of the tale itself is however mixed, and it is a story. The regional features sympathize each other. It awakes a new truth and only sympathizing in it. It means that those become the material in mixed imagining. This paper studies corruption and falsehood of the concept of glocalizaton, and examines the direction of glocalization centering on the analysis of Park Sang-ryung`s Simcheongi - Namdo 3 as well as the general characteristics of his novels. This paper first reviews the direction of glocalization, investigates narrative meanings of Simcheongi within the passage of collaborative works of Namdo, and then explores Simcheongi within the microscopic perspectives. The argument to transform our tales into western myths can only be controversial per se. The categorical problem of the two concepts should be set aside because they can only be independent stories from the beginning. Accordingly, glocalization is only a direction for all activities of humans delving into literature or truth. Hence, our interest should be in the truth per se along with the methodology. This paper attempts to find the method by way of Park Sang-ryung`s Simcheongi.

막분리한 두부 순물의 isoflavone과 올리고당 농축액의 건조

김학현 ( Hak Hyun Kim ),엄권용 ( Kwon Yong Eom ),김주숙 ( Joo Sook Kim ),김우정 ( Woo Jung Kim ) 한국산업식품공학회 2005 산업 식품공학 Vol.9 No.2

脊椎結核 226例의 臨床的 觀察과 治療結果報告

金學賢(Hak Hyun Kim),魯明德(Myung Deuk Rho),金仁(In Kim),朴辰河(Jin Ha Park) 대한정형외과학회 1967 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.2 No.3