인삼, 숙부자, 생강, 감초의 배합에 의한 세포독성 평가

김동현,김연복,구현정,백현진,이수빈,장광진,Kim, D.H.,Kim, Y.B.,Koo, H.J.,Baek, H.J.,Lee, S.B.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2021 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.23 No.1

고 문헌에 기록된 부자의 가공수치 포제법으로 숙부자로 가공하고 인삼, 생강, 감초의 배합으로 폐암세포와 대식세포 독성에 관하여 실험한 결과 1번째 실험군 인삼과 숙부자 처리군에서 100 ㎍/ml 농도에서 독성에 영향을 주기 시작하여 1000 ㎍/ml 농도에서 더 많은 영향을 주었다. 그 중 대식세포 보다는 A549 폐암세포에서 더 많은 세포독성에 영향을 주었다. 그리고 2번째 실험군에 추가로 생강이 배합된 처리군에서는 1000 ㎍/ml 농도부터 세포독성이 시작 되었으며 대식세포 보다는 A549 폐암세포에 세포독성에 더 많은 영향을 주었으며 마지막 3번째 실험군 생강과 감초가 추가된 실험군에서는 100 ㎍/ml 농도에서 A549 폐암세포에 독성이 시작 되었지만 대식세포에는 영향이 없었으며, 1000 ㎍/ml 농도부터 대식세포와 A549 폐암세포에 영향을 주었다. 결론적으로 독성이 강한 부자를 사용함에 있어서는 반드시 숙부자로 가공하여 활용 하여야 하며 인삼, 생강, 감초의 배합으로 정상세포인 대식세포 독성에는 적은 영향과 특정 폐암세포가 더 많은 세포독성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 앞으로도 인삼, 생강, 감초의 복합추출물이 지속적인 연구를 통해 항암활성의 효능을 검증하고 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것이라 사료된다. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in A549 lung cancer cells and RAW264.7 macrophage cells with processed aconitum, ginseng, ginger and licorice extracts. The first experiment began to affect toxicity from 100 ㎍/ml concentrations in extracts mixed with processed aconitum and ginseng. Cytotoxicity began at 1000 ㎍/ml concentrations in the second experimental extract with additional ginger, both in the first and second groups affected greater cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells than in macrophage cells, and in the third experimental extract with additional ginger and licorice. In conclusion, when using aconitum, ginseng, ginger, and licorice work in combination, which resulted in less impact on macrophage cells toxicity and more cytotoxicity in certain lung cancer cells.

옥총(玉葱) 첨가 조청의 제조 및 특성

김동현,김연복,구현정,백현진,장광진,Kim, D.H.,Kim, Y.B.,Koo, H.J.,Baek, H.J.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2020 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 다른 지역에 비해 일교차가 큰 철원지역에서 재배되고 있는 양파를 사용하여 생산농가에서 양파의 특성상 장기간 저장으로 인해 발생되는 부패의 단점을 보완하고 가공을 통해 농가수익을 증대화 할 수 있는 방안모색과 다양한 양파 가공제품의 확대의 목적으로 연구되었다. 특히, 발효 추출액의 경우 pH, EC, 당도 결정시에 중요한 것은 우리 몸의 흡수관계에 맞추어 조절하는 것이 중요하다. pH는 용액 중 수소이온(H+)의 농도를 나타내는 지표이다. 물 또는 수용액 중에 수소이온(H+)과 수산이온(OH-)은 항상 일정한 관계를 갖고 균형을 이루고 있으며 EC는 물 또는 수용액에 녹아있는 모든 염류 또는 이온의 농도를 나타내는 지표로 전기전도도가 있는데 전도율이라고도 한다. 특정성분을 물에 용해시킬 경우 양이온과 음이온으로 전리된다. 이온의 양이 많을수록 전기의 흐름이 용이해지므로 EC값이 커질수록 수용액 내의 이온의 농도와 총량이 많어지게 된다. 전기전도도 값으로 수용액 내의 이온의 총량을 추정 할 수 있어 EC값을 이용하여 수용액의 농도관리에 활용하는 것이 일반적이다. 88℃ 양파추출액의 pH는 5.1, EC는 3,970 ㎲/cm, 당도는 8.1 Brix로 측정되었다. 최근 건강에 대한 관심이 높아지므로 설탕이 많이 가미된 서구적인 식생활보다 전통적인 건강한 먹거리 문화가 관심을 받고 있으므로 조청의 맛, 영양성에다 양파의 기능성을 더하여 품질 향상의 웰빙 제품으로 안전성을 확보하고 소비자의 기호에 맞는 다양한 조청을 개발할 필요성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. Onion is a perennial herb of the lily family that has a long history and has long been widely used throughout the world as it is one of the most important condiments in our diet, along with chili peppers and garlic. It has been used for cooking and processing food with its unique flavor and aroma. Because of the nature of onions, long-term storage can lead to spoilage. Research was done to increase profits through processing and expand various onion products. A low temperature extraction method was used to study the physiological activation effect and onion processing method of flavonoid component weak to heat.

ICT 기반의 인삼 공정 육묘 시 인삼 식물체 분석

김동현,김연복,구현정,백현진,이수빈,홍의기,김상기,장광진,Kim, D.H.,Kim, Y.B.,Koo, H.J.,Baek, H.J.,Lee, S.B.,Hong, E.K.,Kim, S.K.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2021 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.23 No.2

파종 후 60일 지난 인삼 생장율 조사 평균 초장은 16.9cm, 평균 초중은 0.54g으로 측정되었다. 각 토양별 생장율은 1번(피트모스6.5:펄라이트2:마사토1.5) 구에서는 16.36cm, 0.60g. 2번(피트모스 10) 구에서는 13.74cm, 0.41g. 3번(일반상토10)구에서는 12.43cm, 0.26g. 4번(일반상토8:코코피트2) 구에서는 14.60cm, 0.39g으로 측정되었다. 1번 인공상토에서 평균초장과 초중이 다른 토양 생육환경보다 우수한 것으로 측정되었다. 식물체 분석을 위해 인공상토별 평균초장과 초중이 우수한 피트모스6.5:펄라이트2:마사토1.5 비율의 인공상토와 상대적으로 낮은 결과의 일반상토에서 자란 인삼식물체 각 30개를 선별하여 식물체 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 1번 실험구(피트모스6.5:펄라이트2:마사토1.5) 속의 질산태 질소(NO₃-N) 260ppm이나 1번 시험구(일반상토10)에서 생육된 인삼 식물체는 질산태 질소(NO₃-N) 1,040ppm으로 더 높게 나타났다. 인삼의 특징은 질소 함량이 300ppm 넘어가면 생육이 불량해진다. 인산(P), 칼륨(K), 마그네슘(Mg)에서는 큰 차이가 없었다. In order to compare and investigate the growth rates of each of the various soils, the soil mixing ratios were varied to four soils (Pitmos, Pearlite, Masato, General Soil, and Cocopeat). Ten were selected for each soil ratio and the average length and weight were compared. As a result, in the ratio of No. 1 pitmos 6.5: Perlite 2: Masato 1.5, it was measured as 16.36cm, 0.60g. In the ratio of No. 2 pitmos 10, 13.74cm, 0.41g. In the ratio of No. 3 general clay 10, it was measured as 12.43cm, 0.26g. 4 general clay 8, 0.39g. The growth rate of each soil was measured to be superior to that of other soil growth environments in the ratio of pitmos 6.5: pearlite 2: masato 1.5 soil. For ginseng plant analysis, 30 ginseng plants grown in the average length and weight of each soil at a ratio of 6.5: pearlite 2: masato 1.5 and relatively low-result general soil were selected and analyzed. As a result, 1,040ppm of nitrite nitrogen(NO₃-N) was higher in ginseng plants grown in general soil. There was no significant difference in phosphoric acid(P), potassium(K), and magnesium(Mg). Ginseng is characterized by poor growth when it exceeds 300ppm by combining ammonia tae (NH₄-N) and nitrate tae (NO₃-N) nitrogen. In addition, nitric acid produced in a part of this nitrite makes the pH reaction of the soil acidic, and the nitrite remaining in the soil evaporates into gas.

ICT 기반의 인삼 공정 육묘 시 상토에 따른 발아 특성

김동현,김연복,구현정,백현진,이수빈,홍의기,김상기,장광진,Kim, D.H.,Kim, Y.B.,Koo, H.J.,Baek, H.J.,Lee, S.B.,Hong, E.K.,Kim, S.K.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2021 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.23 No.2

As a result of examining the germination rate between ginseng varieties, Jagyongjong varieties had the highest germination rate, and Yeonpung. had the lowest germination rate. In the ginseng seed germination rate experiment, the highest germination rate and growth condition were shown in artificial soil conditions of the ratio of Peatmoss 6.5: Pearlite 2: Masato 1.5. Good soil conditions require adequate soil moisture forces during the incubation period. The cultivation of ginseng medicinal crops requires optimal soil breathability, soil pH, and soil stabilization, which are important for root breathing. Microbial activity in the soil has a great influence on the growth of ginseng. The optimum pH of the soil for ginseng cultivation is 5.0-5.5 As a result of the experiment, the soil remained in an appropriate range after a month. In general, when the EC concentration value of the soil for ginseng cultivation is 0.2 mS/cm or more, growth deteriorates, and when the EC concentration value is 0.5 mS/cm or more, concentration obstacles such as root decay occur. As a result of the analysis, the higher the concentration value of EC, the more likely it is to interfere with ginseng growth. 인삼 품종별로 조사한 발아율은 자경종이 97.7%로 가장 높았고, 연풍의 발아율이 60.7%로 가장 낮았다. 품종에서는 자경종, 금풍, 천풍, 연풍 순으로 발아율이 우수하였다. 인삼의 최적 pH는 5.0~5.5로 시험구의 상토는 30일 후에는 적정 범위를 유지하였다. 그러나 피트모스 단독 상토구에서는 pH 변화가 거의 없어 강산성으로 측정되었다. 일반적으로 EC의 값은 mS/cm로 현재 토양의 질산태질소와 대부분 비례 관계에 있다. 인삼은 EC가 0.2 mS/cm 이상이 되면 생육이 나빠지고 또한 0.5 mS/cm 이상이 되면 뿌리가 부패하는 등의 농도장해가 일어난다. 분석 결과, EC는 농도 장해가 발생할 가능성이 있다. 펄라이트:피트모스:마사토 0.420 mS/cm, 펄라이트:피트모스 0.280 mS/cm로 낮은 선을 유지하였으나 일반상토가 첨가된 시험구는 1.0 mS/cm 전후로 EC 농도 장애가 발생할 가능성이 있다. 상토의 종류와 발아율 실험에는 피트머스6.5:펄라이트2:마사토1.5 비율 인공상토 조건에서 가장 높은 출아율과 생육상태를 보였다. 실험구 2~7번의 발아율도 비교적 양호하였으나 생존수는 떨어졌다. 좋은 상토가 갖춰야 할 조건으로 적당한 보수력 및 보비력이 필요하고, 뿌리호흡에 최적의 통기성, 토양산도, 육묘기간 중에 성질(물리성과 화학성) 안정이 필요하다.

저방사화 철강재 의 시험편 크기 변화에 따른 (JLF-1) 파괴저항곡선의 변화

김동현(D.H.Kim),윤한기(H.K.Yoon),이상필(S.P.Lee),A.Kohyama 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.11

Reduced activation ferritic steel (JLF-1) is considered as a promising candidate material for blanket<br/> or first-wall structure of D-T fusion reactors. The fracture tests of fracture resistance curve (J-R curve)<br/> and JIC are desirable to investigate the exact fracture toughness of JLF-1 steel, since it has a high<br/> ductility. The fracture toughness of JLF-1 steel is affected by the configuration of test specimen such<br/> side groove, specimen thickness or specimen size. In this study, the fracture toughness tests were<br/> performed with various size(plane size and thickness) and various side groove of specimens. The test<br/> results showed the standard specimen with the side groove of 40 % represented a valid fracture<br/> toughness. The fracture resistance curve increased with increasing plane size and decreased with<br/> increasing thickness. However, the fracture resistance curve of half size specimen was similar to that of<br/> the standard specimen.

철원양파의 저장실험 연구

김동현,김연복,구현정,이희종,강창수,백현진,이정세,장광진,Kim, D.H.,Kim, Y.B.,Koo, H.J.,Leeo, H.J.,Kang, C.S.,Baek, H.J.,Lee, J.S.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2019 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the storage and post-storage changes of Cheorwon onions and onions for each region. Onion is a perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It is native to Persia of Southwest Asia. It is cultivated much in the temperate regions of the world. Cheorwon area is inland, but it has high continental climate due to its high altitude. Therefore it is said that the onion cultivated in this region has higher sugar content and higher taste than onion grown in southern region. Although the results of onion storage experiments in Cheorwon, Muan, Buan, and Changnyeong regions did not show much difference in weight, width, and height measurements before and after storage, Brix was reduced by approximately 1-2 brix. Before and after storing in each region, Brix was the highest in Cheorwon, Changnyeong, Buan, and Muan, and after saving, onions in Cheorwon were the same order. After each region was stored, the results showed that Cheorwon (112.3g), Muan (106g), Buan (102.1g) and Changnyeong (92.6g) had the highest hardness. Cold storage tests show that onions contain the least amount of corruption in paper boxes, while Cheorwon onions have the lowest level of corruption in other areas.

고중량물 이송가능한 이족보행로봇의 개발

최형식(H. S. Choi),김동현(D. H. Kim),강동완(D. W. Kang) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

In this paper, for moving heavy object a new type of human-sized Biped Walking Robot, KUBIR2, driven by the closed-chain type of joint actuator was developed Kubir2 is totally composed of29 degree-of-freedom as head is 4 d.o.f, arms are 12 d.o.f, legs are 12 d.o.fand waist is 1 d.o.f. The weight of the robot is 75(Kg) with 160㎝ tall, but the robot is designed to be capable of supporting 120Kg. The weight of one arm is light enough to be 9kg but capable of delivering 10㎏ load. Linear movement of joint actuators is composed of the four-bar-link mechanism driven by the ball screw which has high strength and high gear ratio. The control system of the robot is developed by using embedded computer and TMS320LF2407 DSP microprocessors. Each joint actuator is controlled by using DSP microprocessors. The communication system between the main controller and joint controllers is developed using the CAN communication system. The performance of the developed robot was validated through walking experiments with supporting 15(㎏) load.

석회유황합제 처리에 따른 철원 양파의 생육특성 및 페놀화합물 분석

김연복,이희종,김동현,구현정,장광진,Kim, Y.B.,Lee, H.J.,Kim, D.H.,Koo, H.J.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2020 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 양파에 친환경제제로 사용되는 석회유황합제를 농도별(100, 200, 300배)로 희석하여 양파에 처리하여 생육특성과 페놀화합물 함량의 변이를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 그 결과 석회유황합제 처리 후 양파의 구 중, 구 너비, 구 고와당 함량에 영향을 미치지는 못했다. 또한 페놀화합물 함량에서 p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, kaempferol은 무 처리구와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만 benzoic acid는 석회유황합제 100배를 처리하였을 때 유의하였고, quercetin 함량은 처리구인 석회유황합제 200배(106.7 ㎍/g D.W.)와 300배(106.1 ㎍/g D.W.)가 100배(89.4 ㎍/g D.W.)와 무 처리구(96.4 ㎍/g D.W.) 보다 다소 높은 함량을 보여 유의하였다. 따라서 석회유황합제는 bezoic acid와 quercetin 함량 변화에 영향을 미쳤다고 판단된다. 본 연구결과가 농가 현장에 적용되기 위해서는 좀 더 넓은면적에서 실증 시험을 더 해야할 것으로 판단된다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of phenolic compounds after lime-sulphur mixture treatment on Cheorwon onion. Onion is a perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It is native to Persia of Southwest Asia. It is cultivated much in the temperate regions of the world. Onion is a good name for the 'Okchong' to drop blood cholesterol and cardiovascular blood flow to increase the prevention of adult diseases. Cheorwon area is inland, but it has high continental climate due to its high altitude. After the treatment with lime-sulphur mixture, the weight, width and plant height of the onion were not affected. In the phenolic compounds, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid and kaempferol except benzoic acid and quercetin were similar to or less than the control. Therefore, it was concluded that the treatment with lime-sulphur mixture had some effect on phenolic compound contents, benzoic acid and qurercetin.

아인산염 처리에 따른 철원양파의 페놀화합물 비교 연구

김연복,이희종,박철호,김동현,구현정,장광진,Kim, Y.B.,Lee, H.J.,Park, C.H.,Kim, D.H.,Koo, H.J.,Chang, K.J. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2018 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.20 No.2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of phenolic compounds after phosphite treatment on Cheorwon onion. Onion is a perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It is native to Persia of Southwest Asia. It is widely cultivated in the temperate regions of the world. Onion is a good name for the 'Okchong' to drop blood cholesterol and cardiovascular blood flow to increase the prevention of adult diseases. Cheorwon area is inland, but it has high continental climate due to its high altitude. Therefore it is said that the onion cultivated in this region has higher sugar content and higher taste than onion grown in the southern region. Phosphorus components are particularly important ingredients for promoting muscle development. However, if the phosphoric acid content of the soil part is maintained to a large extent until the harvest, the competition of the nutrients tends to cause decay of the root part. Therefore, it is important to improve the quality and shelf life of onion by inducing nutrient balance by applying foliar fertilization method on the reducing phosphorus at harvest time. In this study, acidity was controlled by diluting phosphorous acid(H₃PO₃) and potassium hydroxide(KOH), followed by leaf surface treatment with phosphite on onion. In this study, the concentration of phosphite was diluted to 500, 1,000, 1,500ppm and sprayed three times over the onion leaves in May 2018 using an atomizer and harvested at the end of June, and the phenolic compounds were analyzed by HPLC. As a result, the content of quercetin, one of the important substances in onion, was phosphite 500ppm(179.70㎍/g), 1,000(150.27), 1,500(105.95). The contents of caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, rutin, kaempferol, and sugar content were higher in the treatments than in the control. Therefore, the phosphite does not have a great influence on the growth, but it may play a role as a method of achieving balance with nitrogen in the rainy season by supplying the role of the material catalyst and the water soluble phosphoric acid and the potassium in the influence of the material change.

피칭운동을 고려한 우주발사체 형상의 천음속 비정상 유동해석

김동현(D.H. Kim),김요한(Y.H. Kim),김동환(D.H. Kim),윤세현(S.H. Yoon),김광수(G.S. Kim),장영순(Y.H. Jang),김수현(S.H. Kim) 한국전산유체공학회 2011 한국전산유체공학회지 Vol.16 No.1

In this study, steady and unsteady aerodynamic analyses of a huge rocket configuration have been conducted in a transonic flow region. The launch vehicle structural response are coupled with the transonic flow state transitions at the nose of the payload fairing. Before performing the coupled fluid-structure transonic aeroealstic simulations transonic aerodynamic characteristics are investigated for the pitching motions of the rocket at finite angle-of-attack. An unsteady CFD analysis method with a moving grid technique based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the k-w SST transition turbulence model is applied to accurately predict the transonic loads of the rocket at pitching motion. It is shown that the fluctuating amplitude of the lateral aerodynamic loads imposed on the rocket due to the pitching motion can be significantly increased in the transonic flow region.