심근관류 SPECT와 64채널 전산화 단층혈관 촬영 사진 융합으로 증명된 radius intermedius 협착에 의한 심근관류 저하

공은정 ( Eun Jung Kong ),조인호 ( Ihn Ho Cho ),천경아 ( Kyung Ah Chun ),원규장 ( Kyu Chang Won ),이형우 ( Hyung Woo Lee ),박종선 ( Jong Seon Park ) 대한핵의학회 2008 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.42 No.1

한국어와 일본어의 어두 폐쇄음 후두자질 구분에 있어 음향단서 f0의 역할

강지은 ( Ji Eun Kang ),공은정 ( Eun Jong Kong ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2014 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.62

The study investigated the f0 realizations immediately after the stops with a laryngeal contrast in Japanese and Korean where VOT alone does not sufficiently differentiate the laryngeal categories. 20 adult speakers of each language produced word-initial stops in various vowel contexts. Results showed that the static f0 measured onto the following vowel distinguished Korean lax stops from aspirated stops with overlapping long-lag VOTs. However, neither the static f0 nor the f0 contour contributed to separation of voiced from voiceless stops in Japanese. The limited role of f0 in Japanese is discussed in light of the f0``s multiple functions both at the segmental and suprasegmental levels.

영어 문장 처리 과정에서의 의미 정보 및 운율 단서 활용도의 상관성 연구

강선미(Kang, Sun-mi),공은정(Kong, Eun-jong) 한국영어학학회 2018 영어학연구 Vol.24 No.1

This study explored the perceptual sensitivity to the prosodic and semantic cues in disambiguating the structurally ambiguous sentences by English native speakers and Korean learners of English. The cross-modal task was conducted to investigate whether/how the two groups of listeners utilized the prosodic information (i.e., boundary tones) when the semantic biases (i.e., subject-and object-bias) resolved structural ambiguity. The results showed that the native speakers reacted sensitively to both the semantic and the prosodic cues while the Korean learners of English were only sensitive to the semantic information. The current findings suggest that the speakers with limited control of the language are poor at utilizing redundant phonetic information faced with resolving linguistic ambiguity.

한국인 영어 학습자의 중의성 해소 과정에서의 반응시간 분석 연구 - 의미 정보와 운율 단서의 역할 -

강선미 ( Kang Sun-mi ),공은정 ( Kong Eun-jong ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2018 현대영어영문학 Vol.62 No.2

This study examined whether/how the prosodic cues are effectively used in the sentence parsing process by Korean L2 Learners of English and English native speakers. In this experiment, five semantically biased semantic conditions were set up according to the gradient of the bias. Also, four prosodic conditions were set up. Targeting native speakers and Korean learners of English, the perception test was conducted and the response time was measured under the complex conditions(combining each semantic condition with each prosodic condition). Given the cooperating prosodic cues, Native speakers' response time shortened, while given the conflicting prosodic cues, their response time lengthened. However, any facilitation or interference effects on disambiguation by Korean L2 learners are not found. (Korea Aerospace University)

항공예약 영어 축약에 대한 형태 분석 연구

서윤주(Suh, Yoonju),공은정(Kong, Eun Jong) 한국영어학회 2016 영어학 Vol.16 No.4

서울 방언 단모음의 소리 변화와 음향 단서 연구

강지은(Kang, Jieun),공은정(Kong, Eun Jong) 한국음성학회 2016 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.8 No.4

While acoustic studies in the past decade documented a raised /o/ by showing their lowered first formants (F1) almost overlapped with those of high back vowel /u/, no consensus has been made in terms of how this /o/-raising affects the vowels as a system in Seoul Korean. The current study aimed to investigate the age- and gender-related differences of the relative distance among the vowels to better understand the influence of this on-going sound change on the vowel system. We measured the static and dynamic spectral characteristics (F1 and F2) of the seven Korean monophthong vowels /e a ʌ o u ɨ i/ in the spontaneous speech of Seoul Corpus, and depicted the patterns of 30 individual speakers (10 speakers in each group of teens, 20s and 40s) as a function of age and gender. The static spectral examination showed low F1 values of /o/ in the spontaneous speech corpus confirming the vowel /o/ raising, and also revealed greater F2 values of /u, ɨ/ suggesting their anterior articulations. The tendencies were stronger when the speakers were younger and female. The spectral trajectories further showed that the F1 and F2 between /o/ and /u/ were differentiated throughout the vowel mid-point although the trajectories gradually merged near the vowel mid-point in the older male speakers’ productions. The acoustic evidence of contrast among /o, u, ɨ/ supports that the raised /o/ is not indicative of a merger with /u/ but rather implying a chain-like vowel shift in the Seoul Korean.

일본어 초점 억양 실현의 음운음성적 특징 연구

김기호,공은정,이혜숙,우츠기 아키라 한국음성과학회 2002 음성과학 Vol.9 No.2

This paper investigates how focus contributes to the phonological and phonetic realization of Japaness intonation. Pierrehumbert & Beckman (1988) pointed out that textual prominence results in the H-tone peak raising on the focuseditem and IP (intonational Phrase) initiation before the focused item. Similarly Kori (1989) suggested that the F0 peaks on the words after the focused item tend to be suppressed. Although they give a general description of the characteristics of focus phenomena in Japanese intonation, they fail to explain the F0 peak interaction between H phrasal tone and lexically specified pitch accent in more-than-3-mora words whose accent locations varies from early to late. In this paper, we perform the experiment to investigate the following three points. First, we would like to look at the systematic intonational differences between focused and neutral APs; specifically, focused APs, either accented or unaccented, are compared with the neutralcounterparts in terms of F0 patterm. Second, we investigate F0 pattrerns of a focused AP with more than 3 morae, as the accent of the word varies from early to late. Since an AP with a late accent has a H- on the secon moraas well as H*+L on its accent mora, it is expected that these peaks will show systematic F0 pattern when it is focused. Our third concern is F0 patterns of a post focus AP with more than 3 morae, that is, whether a post-focus word is dephrased or just downstepped as the word accent location varies from early to late. This paper is significant in that it tries to clarify the F0 peak interaction between H- and lexical pitch accent H*+L in a variety of focus contexts in Japanese intonation.

영어 조건절의 경계억양과 담화해석에서 영어 억양의 역할

이주경,공은정,김기호 한국음성과학회 2001 음성과학 Vol.8 No.2

This paper investigates the manner in which various syntactic structures with h single meaning implement a consistent intonational pattern by examining English conditional clauses, In the phonetic experiment, we explore the edge tones in three different synthetic clauses which are semantically interpreted as a single' conditional meaning (an if -clause, a clause with no if and a clause with no ~f but followed by and) and compare them with the edge tone realized in a clause which is not interpreted as a conditional meaning, we also investigate the tonal differences resulting from the semantic: difference between conditional and non-conditional meanings. That is, the conditional clauses expressed in three different syntactic structures show a consistent intonatidnal pattern in their clausefinal boundaries; a rising contour (H- or H) is realized at the edge of the intermediate phrases (ip) or intonational phrases (IP) in 89 of the if clauses, 7 of the clauses with no if, and 79 of the clauses with no tf but followed by and. On the other hand, 8 of the non-conditional clauses have a falling contour (L~ or L,-L) in their final edge. Statistically, Chi-Square tests show that these percentages are all significantly higher, which suggests that a conditional meaning implements a consistent intonationhl pattern though it is expressed through different syntactic structures. Therefore, the result supports Bolinger's (1989) claim that intonation makes an important contribution to discourse interpretation.

억양을 통한 부정문의 중의성 해소방안 연구

김소희,공은정,강선미,이용재 한국음성과학회 2000 음성과학 Vol.7 No.4

The negative sentence may have an ambiguity depending on which constituent of the sentence is negated. In case of sentence final adverbials, whether they are included in the scope of negation generates the semantic ambiguity. Since sentences with ambiguous meanings have the same word order, the differences of the meanings in different contexts should be manifested with intonational cues. This article represents how intonation contributes to the dismbiguation in negative sentences with ambiguity and which phonological/phonetic cues are specifically used in the course of the disambiguation. Keywords: pitch accent, phrase aceent, boundary tone, scope of negation.

정보구조에 따른 중의적 문장의 억양실현 양상 : 초점부사 only를 중심으로

김소희,공은정,강선미,김기호 한국음성과학회 2001 음성과학 Vol.8 No.4

The sentences with the same surface word order may be realized with the pragmatically different meanings, depending on the contexts under which they could appear. Semantically, their meaning differences have been explained in terms of the different information structures (Steedman 2000), whereas prosodically, they can be explained in terms of the different compositions of intonational components which make their own semantic contributions (Pierrehumbert and Hirschberg 1990). In other words, the different compositions of intonational components which make their own semantic contrributions (Pierrehumbert and Hirschberg 1990). In other words, the different intonation realizations of the sentences with the same word order reflect the different information structures. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the information structure and the intonational meaning by way of analysing the production of the sentences with ambiguous scopes of the English focus particle 'only'. In contrast to the previous quantiative approaches to the scopes of the focus particle 'only', two independent levels of information structure (Steedman 2000)-theme/rheme/ and focus/background- make it possible to consistently explain the intonational phenomena.