http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
재미한인의 교육성취도를 통해서 본 모델 마이너리티개념의 한계
조현미,배유리 경북대학교사회과학대학지리학과 2008 地理學論究 Vol.- No.27
다인종 · 다민족국가인 미국에서 아시아계 미국인은 성공한 이민자 집단으로서의 ‘모델 마이너리티’로 평가받고 있다. 아시아계의 높은 학력수준과 경제적 성취도는 모범적인 이민자집단으로서 비추어지기에 충분했다. 하지만 아시아계 미국인,특히 그 중에서도 재미한인의 높은 학력이 미국사회로의 진출과 성공에 어느 정도의 영향을 미치고 있는지,그리고 그러한 영향력은 백인이나 히스패닉,흑인들과 어떠한 차이를 가지고 있는지에 대한 의문에서 본 연구는 시작되었다. 각종 통계자료와 문헌,그리고 설문조사를 통하여 볼 때,높은 교육수준이 사회 · 경제적 성공과 지위획득에 영향을 줄 것이라는 교육에 대한 높은 기대치는 입시와 취업에 있어서 미국인들과는 다르게 적용되는 기준으로 인하여 더욱 고학력을 지향하던가,아니면 반대로 종족집단으로의 회귀현상으로 나타나게됨을 알 수 있었다. 결국,다문화사회에 대한 반다문화주의의 등장은 종족적 · 인종적 · 계급적인 보편성을 인정하게 되면 사회가 분열할지도 모른다는 걱정과,다른 문화에 대한 우려로 인하여 나타난 것이라 할 수 있다. Asian Americans as ethnic minohties who,despite marginalization, have achieved successin the United States are spoken of as a'model minority' group because the group hasbeen argued to be more successfulcomparatively than other minority groups inthe United States. The new Amehcanimmigration law in 1965 holds preference forskilled workers and those with collegedegrees; as such, many Asian immigrantsare well-educated before coming to Americaand are often in a upper-middle economicbracket. Therefore, Asians especially thosewho are highly educated and skilled startedto settle down in the United States after themid 1960s. For example, Asian Americanshave accounted for a large percentage ofsome of Amehca's most prestigious universities.The median household income of AsianAmehcans is also higher than the totalpopulation's income. The factors of incomeand educational attainment have made theterm 'model minority' pointing out thesuccess of Asian Amehcans such as Chinese,Korean, and Japanese. Compared to Chineseand Japanese, Korean immigrants tend toblend in quickly with the white upper middleclass while descendants of earlier immigrantsfrom China and Japan have a much more different and difficult history.The aim of this study is to examine theinfluence of the Asian Amehcans' academicsuccess on their advance in the United Statesfocusing on Korean Amehcans. Culturalfactors are mainly thought as a one of thereasons why Asian Americans are successfulin the United States. East Asian societiesthemselves, in general, often place moreresources and emphasis on education. Accordingto the statistics and the survey, however,some Asians presume that they are stillfacing racial discrimination even if they aresuccessful in education. Asian Amehcans, asa minority group, tend to depend upon theirethnic business instead of advancing into themainstream of the United States. SinceAsian Amehcans' status in the United Statesis in discord with their educationalattainment, exclusivism germinated alongwith anti-multiculturalism. In other words,anti-multiculturalism is the result ofconcerns that the society might be disunitedor adversed by recognizing the generality inethnic, race, class.
유택규,박상규,김미영,유은희,강병조 대한생물치료정신의학회 2001 생물치료정신의학 Vol.7 No.2
This study was performed to identify personality trait of patients with methamphetamine and alcohol abuse by analyzing MMPI profiles. 93 methamphetamine abuse patients, 59 alcohol abuse patients and 52 healthy subjects completed MMPI. Each MMPI profile in three groups was analyzed by F-test and discriminant function analysis. Alcohol abuse patients showed higher scores n F, Sc(8), and Si(0) profiles of MMPI than the patients with methamphetamine abuse. 3 variables(F, Si, Pd) were discriminated in there two groups. Methamphetamine abuse patients showed higher cores in F. K. Hs(1), Hy(3), Pd(4), Pa(6), Sc(8), and Ma(9) profiles of MMPI than the normal controls. 5 variables (Pa, Pd, Si, K, L) were well discriminated in these two groups. The alcohol abuse patients showed higher scores in F, Hs(1), D(2), Hy(3), Pd(4), Mf(5), Pa(6), Pt(7), Sc(8), and Ma(9) profiles of MMPI than the normal controls, but lower scores in K subscale, 3 variables(F, Pb, Pa) were well discriminated in these two groups. Specially these results indicated that alcohol abuse patients had more psychotic symptoms than methamphetamine abuse patients. These results may suggest that addicted individuals have personality traits to be drug addicts, but it was unclear that these results were ue to predisposing personality traits or results of drug abuse.
신규간호사와 프리셉터가 인지하는 프리셉터의 교수효율성 비교
김지양,김영선,김춘실,박현숙,신미영,윤연숙,조유숙,박미미,유문숙 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.2
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preceptors and new graduate nurses on their perception of preceptor teaching effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 90 new nurses and 90 preceptors who worked in A medical center. The data were collected from July 1 to September 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Results: New nurses' perception (4.07±.44) of the preceptor teaching effectiveness was significantly higher than perception of the preceptors (3.57±.37). Fifty five percent of new graduate nurses reported a lack of coherence in the preceptor's practice guidelines. For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'Professional knowledge and ability' showed the highest score, but 'Interpersonal and communication skill' got lowest score for both group. Preceptors responded that they did not have enough time to teach well because of their heavy workloads. Conclusions: These results suggest that the preceptors need appropriate compensation and education opportunities, and new graduate nurses need consistent education by the teaching professionals. Therefore, it is important to give preceptors full charge of the preceptorship. Also, it will be necessary to develop education programs to enhance interpersonal and communication skill for preceptors and new nurses.
Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticle dispersants on cytotoxicity and cellular uptake
Jo, Mi-Rae,Chung, Hae-Eun,Kim, Hyun-Jin,Bae, Song-Hwa,Go, Mi-Ran,Yu, Jin,Choi, Soo-Jin THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF TOXICOGENOMICS AND TOXICOPRP 2016 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR TOXICOLOGY Vol. No.
Dispersion critically affects the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and their interactions with biological systems. In this study, the effects of different zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NP) dispersants, that is, bovine serum albumin, citrate, carboxymethyl cellulose, fetal bovine serum, and cell culture medium, were investigated with respect to cytotoxicity and cellular uptake. Parallel comparative studies were also conducted with <TEX>$Zn^{2+}$</TEX> ions. The results demonstrated that ZnO-NPs dispersed in citrate exhibited the greatest cytotoxicity to human lung cells, probably related to their high cellular uptake via the citrate internalization mechanism, whereas, the energy-dependent endocytosis pathway of ZnO-NP internalization in cells was unaffected by dispersant type. These results emphasize that dispersant choice is important when evaluating the toxicity of nanoparticles and that results should be interpreted with caution.
Quantifications of Frequency adverbs in Korean-cacwu and cakkwu
( Yu Mi Jo ) 한국언어정보학회 2008 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.-
Frequency adverbs can be interpreted as an adverb of quantification, and also as a frequentative adverb. These interpretations are related to the frequency adverbs`` distributions, and the relation between semantics and syntax of frequency adverbs can be observed more explicitly when they appear with some other expressions in a sentence. Two frequency adverbs in Korean, cacwu and cakkwu, which seem to mean ``often/frequently``, will be dealt with. We will specify their syntactic position by their interpretations derived from the relative ordering with other elements.