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( Yo-sep Hwang ),( Seok Jin Bang ),( Tae Yun Kang ),( Jae Hyeok Choi ),( Sang Mok Jung ),( In Sung Kang ),( Se Young Jeon ),( Kwan Ha Park ),( Sanghoon Choi ) 한국어병학회 2019 한국어병학회지 Vol.32 No.1
The study investigated the dietary effects of medicinal herbs extract and multiple probiotics mixture on the growth performance, innate immune response and antibacterial activity of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Tilapia were divided in four groups. The first is a fish group fed a basal diet added with 40% medicinal herbs extract (MHE). The second is a fish group fed a basal diet supplied with 2×10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g of 2 Bacillus sp, 2 Lactobacillus sp and 2 Yeast sp, respectively (PB). The third group was fed with a mixture of probiotics (2 Bacillus sp, 2 Lactobacillus sp and 2 Yeast sp) with the medicinal herbs extract added in basal diet (MHE+PB). The fourth group was fed only a basal diet (C). In a non-specific immune parameters analysis, respiratory burst activity, lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity (PA), alternative complement pathway activity (ACH<sub>50</sub>) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly (p<0.05) increased in the group MHE+PB compared to other groups. Both PB and MHE groups showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in respiratory burst activity, lysozyme activity compared to the control C group, whereas no significant differences were observed in PA, ACH<sub>50</sub> and SOD activity compared to the control group. In challenging test, fish were administered with Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) on 30 days after feeding with each experimental diet and viable E. tarda cell reduction was checked over 21 days post injection. MHE+PB group showed a significantly (p< 0.05) reduced E. tarda cells compared to other groups. No significant antibacterial difference (p >0.05) was observed between PB and MHE only treated group. Compared to the control, a significant antibacterial difference (p< 0.05) appeared in PB but not in MHE (p >0.05). The results suggest that the probiotics and MHE mixture could be utilized as an alternative to antibiotics in the control of fish diseases caused by E. tarda.
Hwang, Yo-Sep,Bang, Seok Jin,Kang, Tae Yun,Choi, Jae Hyeok,Jung, Sang Mok,Kang, In Sung,Jeon, Se young,Park, Kwan Ha,Choi, Sanghoon The Korean Society of Fish Pathology 2019 한국어병학회지 Vol.32 No.1
The study investigated the dietary effects of medicinal herbs extract and multiple probiotics mixture on the growth performance, innate immune response and antibacterial activity of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Tilapia were divided in four groups. The first is a fish group fed a basal diet added with 40% medicinal herbs extract (MHE). The second is a fish group fed a basal diet supplied with $2{\times}10^8CFU/g$ of 2 Bacillus sp, 2 Lactobacillus sp and 2 Yeast sp, respectively (PB). The third group was fed with a mixture of probiotics (2 Bacillus sp, 2 Lactobacillus sp and 2 Yeast sp) with the medicinal herbs extract added in basal diet (MHE+PB). The fourth group was fed only a basal diet (C). In a non-specific immune parameters analysis, respiratory burst activity, lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity (PA), alternative complement pathway activity ($ACH_{50}$) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly (p<0.05) increased in the group MHE+PB compared to other groups. Both PB and MHE groups showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in respiratory burst activity, lysozyme activity compared to the control C group, whereas no significant differences were observed in PA, $ACH_{50}$ and SOD activity compared to the control group. In challenging test, fish were administered with Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) on 30 days after feeding with each experimental diet and viable E. tarda cell reduction was checked over 21 days post injection. MHE+PB group showed a significantly (p<0.05) reduced E. tarda cells compared to other groups. No significant antibacterial difference (p>0.05) was observed between PB and MHE only treated group. Compared to the control, a significant antibacterial difference (p<0.05) appeared in PB but not in MHE (p>0.05). The results suggest that the probiotics and MHE mixture could be utilized as an alternative to antibiotics in the control of fish diseases caused by E. tarda.
Growth and Characterization of Conducting ZnO Thin Films by Atomic Layer Deposition
Min, Yo-Sep,An, Cheng-Jin,Kim, Seong-Keun,Song, Jae-Won,Hwang, Cheol-Seong Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.9
ZnO thin films were grown on Si or $SiO_2$/Si substrates, at growth temperatures ranging from 150 to $400^{\circ}C$, by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using diethylzinc and water. Despite the large band gap of 3.3 eV, the ALD ZnO films show high n-type conductivity, i.e. low resistivity in the order of $10^{-3}\;{\Omega}cm$. In order to understand the high conductivity of ALD ZnO films, the films were characterized with X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elastic recoil detection, Rutherford backscattering, Photoluminescence, and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the various analytical data of the ZnO films were compared with those of ZnO single crystal. According to our analytical data, metallic zinc plays an important role for the high conductivity in ALD ZnO films. Therefore when the metallic zinc was additionally oxidized with ozone by a modified ALD sequence, the resistivity of ZnO films could be adjusted in a range of $3.8{\times}10^{-3}\;{\sim}\;19.0\;{\Omega}cm$ depending on the exposure time of ozone.
Fabrication of suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes <i>via</i> a direct lithographic route
Oh, Byung Seok,Min, Yo-Sep,Bae, Eun Ju,Kang, Donghun,Jung, In Sun,Hwang, Cheol Seong,Kim, Young Keun,Park, Wanjun Royal Society of Chemistry 2006 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.16 No.2
<P>We report a fabrication method of suspended SWNTs between SiO<SUB>2</SUB> pillars <I>via</I> a direct lithographic route using a simple mixture of catalyst precursor and conventional electron beam resist. The catalytic electron beam resist (Cat-ER) plays roles as both catalyst and ER for growth and alignment of CNTs, respectively. Since the Cat-ER pattern can be utilized as an etch mask to fabricate the pillar structure, the suspended nanotubes are compatibly obtained with current lithographic processes. The suspended nanotubes are characterized to be single-walled by intensity mapping of a radial breathing mode in two dimensions with resonant Raman spectroscopy.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes were fabricated <I>via</I> a direct lithographic route using a simple mixture of catalyst precursor and conventional electron beam resist. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b510742c'> </P>
Seo, Minha,Min, Yo-Sep,Kim, Seong Keun,Park, Tae Joo,Kim, Jeong Hwan,Na, Kwang Duk,Hwang, Cheol Seong Royal Society of Chemistry 2008 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.18 No.36
<P>HfO<SUB>2</SUB> thin films were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using a novel heteroleptic precursor, <I>tert</I>-butoxytris(ethylmethylamido)hafnium [HfO<I><SUP>t</SUP></I>Bu(NEtMe)<SUB>3</SUB>; BTEMAH] and ozone. The structure of BTEMAH is similar to that of tetrakis(ethylmethylamido)hafnium [Hf(NEtMe)<SUB>4</SUB>; TEMAH] except that one of its four amido ligands is replaced with a <I>tert</I>-butoxy ligand. This heteroleptic structure largely improves the ALD growth rate (0.16 nm cycle<SUP>−1</SUP>) and Hf density (Hf mass per unit volume of HfO<SUB>2</SUB> film, 7.6 g cm<SUP>−3</SUP>) of the HfO<SUB>2</SUB> films. The self-regulated ALD growth behavior was confirmed at a growth temperature of 300 °C. Higher Hf density induces anti-crystallization properties in the as-grown film. Consequently, the amorphous phase of a HfO<SUB>2</SUB> film is retained up to ∼15 nm during deposition at 300 °C. The more amorphous-like nature and the higher Hf density of the HfO<SUB>2</SUB> film also retard crystallization during post-deposition annealing (PDA), which strongly enhances the thermal stability of the electrical performance. The capacitance equivalent thickness of the films with thicknesses ranging from 4 to 13 nm is relatively constant up to a PDA temperature of 1000 °C.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>An atomic layer deposition process of HfO<SUB>2</SUB> films using a novel heteroleptic Hf precursor and ozone shows a high growth rate, high film density and improved thermal stability. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b806382f'> </P>