Toluene, Xylene, Trichloroethylene 투여가 흰쥐의 시상하부와 뇌하수체의 GnRH, GnRH Receptor, Pit-1 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향

기노석,이종태,강대성,김대환,이채관,이헌,전진호,김정호,이채언 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The workplace exposure of chemicals has steadily increased, therefore the concern for subsequent effect on reproductive outcome has been an important issue in occupational medicine. In previous studies, higher rates of spontaneous abortion, reduced fertility and menstrual disorder among women, and an impairement of sperm quantity and quality among men have been associated with a wide variety of chemical agents. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of toluene, xylene and trichloroethylene(TCE) injection on the mRNA levels of GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 genes in male rats hypothalamus and pituitary and the effects on the plasma levels of FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into five groups of five each according to concentration of toluene, xylene and TCE. The rats were injected subcutaneously to 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg body weight/day of toluene, xylene and TCE, respectively for 6 days. Rat brains were excised and hypothalamus and pituitary were separated. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RNase protection assay(RPA) were used to evaluate the GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels. Plasma concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone were assayed by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The results were as follows; 1. GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in toluene and xylene injected groups, and GnRH receptor mRNA levels in TCE injected group were lowered dose-dependently. Especially, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 200mg/kg of toluene injected group, and GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of toluene injected group were significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of xylene injected group, and GnRH receptor mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of TCE injected group were significantly lower than control group(p<0.05). 2. The plasma levels of prolactin and testosterone in 400mg/kg of toluene injected group, and LH in 100, 200 and 400mg/kg of xylene injected group, and testosterone in 400 mg/kg of TCE injected group were significantly lower than control group(p<0.05). In conclusion, we speculated that toluene and xylene affected reproductive system secondarily through hypothalamus-pituitary axis, and TCE affected directly through steroidogenesis. And we recommended that further study for assessment of the reproductive toxicity of mixed organic solvent exposures should be conducted.

Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

생분해성 다공질 Calcium Phosphate 세라믹스의 제조

이경주,이중환,김석영 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1995 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.23 No.2

When porous calcium phosphate ceramics are used as a bone graft substitute, it is known that new tissue or blood vessel is grown into the porous implant due to their excellent biocompatibility. In this study, the most chemically stable β-crystalline form of calcium metaphosphate, Ca(PO₃)₂is prepared by the controlled thermolysis of monocalcium phosphate, Ca(H₂PO₄)₂. The diameter of cylindrical pores formed during cooling was controlled by a holding time at the melting point of a monocalcium phosphate and by the change of a recrystallization temperature, to obtain the most appropriate size(about 200㎛) of pores. It was observed that the increasing holding time at the melting point of monocalcium phosphate results in the decreases of pore sizes.

Capillaria hepatica 感染 마우스에 있어서 間接螢光抗體反應을 이용한 IgG, IgM 및 IgA의 變動에 관한 硏究

李淑環,嚴基善,林漢鍾 고려대학교 의과대학 1987 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.24 No.3

The immunoglobulin kinetic study was performed to observe the serum IgG,IgM and IgA levels by the method of indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) in Capillaria hepatic infected ICR mice. Antigen used were frozen sectioned eggs in liver tissue and lyophilized embryonated eggs. A total of 98 mice (b.w.15g) was divided into two groups (A,B) and 100 and 1,000 embryonated eggs were infected orally respectively. All mice were bled and killed by retro-orbital puncture prior to infection and at weeks 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,13,15, and 26 after infection. As negative control sera, 6 mice were used. Fluorescein conjugated anti-mouse immunoglobulins produced in goats (MELOY Laboratories, Inc.) were used as working protein concentration of 500㎍/ml in IgG, IgM and IgA respectively. The antigenic localities were inner membrane of sectioned egg antigen and on the precipitates around the mucoid plugs which were induced by circumoval precipitation reaction. The serum dilution of 16 or over were regarded as positive titer. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. IgG titers detected by IFAT using sectioned egg antigen increased at three weeks after infection and kept positive reactions until 13 weeks in light infected group. The titers detected using lyopilized egg antigen showed positive reactions between 3 and 11 weeks after infection. 2. IgM titerd using sectioned egg antigen increased rapidly at two weeks after infection and kept positives until 7 weeks in light infected group and at two weeks until 11 weeks in heavy infected group. The titers detected using lyopilized egg antigen showed positive reactions between 2 and 9 weeks after infection. 3. IgA antibodies were not detected by IFAT in both antigens i.e., sectioned egg antigen and lyophilized egg antigen in all tested sera of ICR mice.

유전자 불안정성의 기전과 임상적 적용

이석환 대한대장항문학회 2004 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.20 No.1

HELLP증후군의 임상양상과 예후에 관한 연구

이창환,손성경,이석수,이윤이 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.2

The syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count during pregnancy (HELLP syndrome) is recognized as a serous, multisystemic disease and associated with poor maternal and perinatal outcome. The purpose of this study is to elevate the clinical appearance and the maternal and perinatal outcome with HELLP syndrome. It was a retrospective study that maternal outcome and perinatal variables and the clinical course of eight cases HELLP syndrome in 234 cases with pregnancy induced hypertension who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1995 to December 1998. The results were as follows; 1. The incidence of the HELLP syndrome among patient with pregnancy induced hypertension was 3.4%(8/234) and mean age, mean gestational age was each 29.7 year-old, 36.7 weeks and there was 3 primigravidas and 5 multipara(38% vs 62%). 2. In the abnormal elevated laboratory finding on admission, mean platelet count, sGOT, sGPT, total bilirubin, LDH, BUN, and creatinine was each as 74,000/㎣, 2231U/ℓ, 1941U/ℓ, 1.7mg/㎗, 10951U/ℓ, 22.3mg/㎗ and 2.0mg/㎗. 3. About the coagulation system, PT and aPTT were all within the normal limit but in 38% of patient with HELLP syndrome fibrinogen was decreased, in 50% FDP was increased and in 25% patient was made diagnosis of DIC. 4. The 6 cases were perceived as immediate delivery, one case was vaginal delivery only and others cesarean section and maternal complication was placenta abruption, severe pulmonary edema, acute renal insufficiency, acute toxic hepatitis and cardiomyopathy but there was no maternal mortality in all cases. 5. The mean birth weight 2,374g, 50% of fetus were delivered before 38 weeks, the IUGR was found in 25% and the perinatal mortality rate was 25%. 6. Neonatal complication was neonatal asphyxia, RDS(> 2 grade), sepsis, hyperbilirubinemia, hypermagnesemia, TTN and major handicaps of PVL. These findings suggest that infants born to HELLP syndrome mother have an increased need for resuscitation at delivery and aggressive management for mothers. Thus obstetricians should be identified promptly and need for appropriate management of nowborn infant and mothers with HELLP syndrome.

양극성 정동장애 및 정신분열증 환자군에서 성별에 따른 TRH 자극검사

이규환,신석호,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis abnormalities and the possible influence of gender on the TSH response to TRH in bipolar patients and schizophrenics by using TRH stimulation test. The subjects were consisted of 34 bipolar patients(male : 14, female : 20) and 24 schizophrenics(male : 11, female : 13). The results were as follows ; 1) There was a significant difference in the baseline TSH level of female subjects before TRH administration between bipolar patients and schizophrenics. 2) The TSH levels at 60 and 90 minutes after TRH administration in female bipolar patients were significantly higher from those of female schizophrenics(P〈0.05). 3) In female subjects, the response of TSH level after TRH administration was significantly different between the two groups(P〈0.005).

대장암에서 Glucose Transporter Gene의 발현

이석환,박재훈,김윤화,오수명,윤충,주흥재,이기형 대한대장항문학회 2000 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.16 No.2

다공질 실리콘 카바이드의 제작 및 광발광 성질

이기환,오제직,최석남,박병빈,이태호,김영유 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1998 과학교육연구 Vol.29 No.1

p-type α-SiC(4H, 6H, 15R polytype)를 사용하여 다공질 실리콘(porous silicon; PS)의 제작방법과 유사하게 HF/H₂O/C₂H??OH 용액에서 전기화학적으로 에칭을 하여 광발광 특성을 가지는 다공질 실리콘 카바이드(porous silicon carbide; PSC)를 제작하였다. PSC의 다공질의 분포는 전류밀도가 증가할수록 증가하고 다공질의 크기는 감소하였으며 광발광(photoluminescence; PL) 스펙트럼의 분석을 통해 전극 표면에서의 산화반응은 공급되는 전자의 양과 전류밀도에 의존하며 전류밀도가 증가할수록 전극의 산화반응은 억제된다는 결과를 얻었다. Porous silicon carbide(PSC) having photoluminescence(PL) can be prepared by a technique very similar to that used in porous silicon preparation, by electrochemical etching of crystalline p-type α-SiC(4H, 6H, 15R polytype) in ?? solution. The results show that porous distribution increase with increasing of the current densities while pore size decrease with that. Through the PL spectra analysis anodic oxidation of electrode surface was dependent on the amount of provided electrons and the current densities and inhibited with increasing of the current densities.

신장세포암에서 WT1과 IGF2 유전자의 발현

이정호,김응석,김용섭,장성익,윤환중 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

IGF2 유전자는 제 11번 염색체 단완 (11p15.5)에 위치해 있으며 아버지로부터 유전된 대립형질만 기능을 하는 genomic imprinting되는 유전자이다. 이 유전자는 정상세포에서는 세포증식을 촉진시키는 작용을 하고 몇가지 암에서는 LOI에 기인한 과발현이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 한편 WT1 유전자는 제 11번 염색체 단완 (11p13)에 위치해 있으며 어머니로부터 유전된 대립형질만 기능을 하는 즉 IGF2 유전자와는 정반대의 genomic imprinting 되는 유전자이다. 이 유전자는 비뇨생식기관의 발생에 매우 중요한 유전자이며 암화과정에서는 암억제 유전자로서 기능한다. 소아신장에서 발생되는 Wilms 종양에서는 IGF2 유전자와 WT1 유전자의 고장이 주원인으로 생각하고 있다. 이에 근거하여 성인에서 발생되는 신장세포암에서도 Wilms 종양에서의 결과와 같을 것인지의 여부를 알기 위하여 12명의 신장세포암 환자 ( 남자 6명, 여자 6명)로부터 얻은 조직을 이용하여 이들 유전자의 발현정도를 조사하였다. 환자의 연령은 남자에서는 43세에서 56세까지였고 여자에서는 23세에서 61세까지였다. 신장세포암에서 IGF2 유전자와 WT1 유전자의 발현정도는 다같이 성별이나 연령과는 무관하였다. IGF2 유전자는 50%에서 발현되었으며, 그 발현정도는 저발현에서부터 중등도 그리고 과발현까지 다양했으며 주로 신세뇨관 부위에 있는 암세포에서 발현되었다. WT1은 56%에서 발현되었으며 과발현과 중등도 발현이 대부분이었다. IGF2 유전저의 발현과 WT1 유전자의 발현은 각 예에서 상이하게 나타나서 두 유전자간의 작용은 일치하지 않았다. IGF2 gene which was located on chromosome 11p15.5 is expressed by the paternal allele. It stimulates the cell proliferation in normal cells, however, it is over expressed in some cancers due to LOI (loss of genomic imprinting). In contrast, WT1 gene which was located on chromosome 11p13 shows maternal specific monoallelic expression. It is a very much important gene in developing urogenital system, besides, it acts as tumor suppressor gene in some cancers. IGF2 and WT1 genes are the main causative genes in Wilms tumor which is developed in pediatric kidney. To understand the status of IGF2 and WT1 expressions in renal cell carcinoma which is developed in adult life, tissues from 12 cases patients (male 6 cases ; female 6 cases) were detected by immunohistochemistry with antibodies from IGF2 and WT1 genes. To distinguish the different ages between Wilms tumor and renal cell carcinoma, the patients age in renal cell carcinoma was ranged in 43-56 years old in man and 23-61 years old in female. No direct correlation was, in general, between gene expression of IGF2 and WT1 and age or sex of patients in renal cell carcinoma. Expression of IGF2 gene revealed six of twelve (560%) and expression of WT1 gene showed seven of twelve (56%) in renal cell carcinoma, respectively. The status of IGF2 gene expression was varied from low to high expression. In contrast, the status of WT1 gene expression was higher than in IGF2 gene expression. However, there was no apparent correlation between expressions in each cases. In conclusion, IGF2 and WT1 genes are very important in carcinogenesis of renal cell carcinoma, however interaction between two genes was obscure.