한반도에서의 예방외교와 조기경보 : The Case of the Korean Peninsula

이신화 고려대학교一民국제관계연구원 2003 국제관계연구 Vol.8 No.1

In preventing and effectively responding to post-Cold War conflicts and related humanitarian crises, early warning studies and measures of preventive diplomacy were actively pursued by researchers and policy-makers. Several research projects are currently underway with the objective of developing early warning concepts (i.e. "early warning of what") and models, which are generally derived from theories of causation, often with the anticipation of guiding future policies of preventive diplomacy. For example, the United Nations (UN) is now coordinating a global humanitarian early warning system with its mission of maintaining peace and security in the international arena, as well as conducting various activities for conflict prevention. In this context, this paper is intended to examine the significance of preventive diplomacy and early warning in international relations, with special reference to the case of the Korean peninsula. First, the paper will discuss the concepts of preventive diplomacy and early warning systems and examine how these concepts have developed in the international community since its conception. Second, while the threat from the reactivation of North Korea's nuclear program requires serious and coordinated attention from South Korea and the international community, it is also important to ensure that the North does not undergo what is commonly referred to as a "hard landing," or a sudden collapse. Also, we must remember. that humanitarian concerns are also intricately related to security issues as evidenced by the tensions raised by the incidents of North Korean "famine refugees" seeking asylum in foreign embassies in China. Under this context, this paper will emphasize the importance of early warning in both traditional and non-traditional security issues relevant to the Korean peninsula. Finally, this paper will suggest ways to conduct timely and effective early warning measures in the case of security or humanitarian crisis situations around the world, and the peninsula in particular.

동북아 환경레짐 : 지속가능한 지역협력을 위한 촉매 A Catalyst for Sustainable Regional cooperation

이신화 고려대학교一民국제관계연구원 2002 국제관계연구 Vol.6 No.1

This paper recognizes the division between those who see the environment as an issue that can motivate actors to cooperate, and those who see historical memories and political rivalries as an impediment to regional problem solving. That is, there are two opposing views regarding the prospects of establishing a regional environment as a dependent variable of progress towards regionalism and suggest that regional environmental cooperation is impeded by political rivalries, historical animosities and economic disparities among Northeast Asian countries. The opposing view treats the environment as an independent variable of sustainable regionalism. The premise of this view is that inter-state environmental cooperation can become a confidence building measure that will pave the way for improved regional relations. Regardless of which view proves in the end to be right, the high environmental interdependence of countries in Northeast Asia makes it imperative to create a framework to promote greater cooperation within the region. Given that the region lacks institutions for region-wide dialogue and cooperation, the formation of an effective regional environmental regime will be a long-term process. However, the process itself is pivotal as it can increase dialogue and exchanges from which a regional environmental regime can evolve, and hopefully, if given the political opportunity, will promote security and peace in the region. Therefore, the most plausible scenario for the region is that environmental cooperation will continue to evolve and ultimately a Northeast Asian regime will form that can serve as a catalyst for broader-based cooperation in the region.

충남대학교 기초과학분야의 효율적 육성에 관한 연구

윤화중,진성일,윤민중,윤혜수,이영하,최철규,이천배,신대현 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1986 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.2

Chungnam National University (CNU) is located in Daeduk Science Town, a center of science and technology in Korea, and it is expected to play an important role in the development of science in Korea. With this in mind, the basic natural sciences at CNU should be more actively supported in both education and research. Accordingly analysis and comparison of the basic science program at major college in Korea as well as those in the USA and Europe has been performed. The current cooperative relationship between CNU and research institutes in the science town has also been analyzed. This study has resulted in propositions to make more efficient the upbringing of the basic sciences at CNU, by focusing on the following points ; a) to improve academic affairs, b) to make graduate studies substantial, c) to secure highly qualified faculty members, d) to increase cooperation in research between CNU and reserch institutes, e) to enlarge research laboratories and acquire more equipment and facilities.

Hydrotalcite의 製造條件에 關한 硏究

안세민,신화우,최광식,이광표,장영수 원광대학교 식품약품안전성연구소 1993 食品藥品安全性硏究 Vol.6 No.-

Hydrotalcite is mainly used as a antacid and adsorbent. It is Well Known that the yield of hydrotalcite produced is greatly affected by the preparation conbition such as the reactant concetration, reaction temperature, reaction time, mole ratio of reactants and grying tepeeature, etc. the purpose of this study is to investigate the optimum preparation condition of hydrotalcite. Arandomived complete block design suggested by G.E.P.Box and K.B. Wilson was appliedfor this purpose. Hydrotalcite was prepared by reacting sodium carbonate. Magnesium oxide and Aluminum sulfate solutions in this study. The optimum preparation condition of hydrotalcite obtained from this study is as follows: 1) The reaction temperature range is 48-63℃ 2) The concentration of reactant solutions is about 20% 3) The optimum mole-ratio (MgO/Al. sulfate) is 7.35-8.1. 4) The reacting time tatge is 10-11 min.. 5) The drying temperature range is 78-82℃ The outcome of D.S.C. indicated a desolvation of hydrotalcite occured at about 98℃ The dehydration of the compound ceased at about 250℃, and the decarboxylation ceased at about 446℃ The physical and chemical properties of hydrotalcite as medicine were studied by use of chemical analysis, bulk volume test and acid consuming capacity measurements.

Box-Wilson 계획법에 의한 沈降炭酸칼슘의 製造條件에 關한 硏究

김영윤,신화우,최광식,안세민,이광표,장영수 원광대학교 식품약품안전성연구소 1993 食品藥品安全性硏究 Vol.6 No.-

Medicinal Precipitated Clacium Carbonate is prepared by the interaction of Calcium Chloride and Ammonium Carbonate Solutions in this study. It has been known that the particle size of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate is greatly affected by the concentration, temperature, and moli-ratio of reactant solutions as well as the temperature at which the precipitate is dried and the temperature of washing water. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum preparation Condition of medicinal Precipitated Calcium Carbonate. A randomized complete block design wuggested by G.E.P. Box and K.B.Wilson was for this purpose. The optimum preparation condition of light and fine precipitated Calcium Carbonate obtained from this study is as follows : 1) The reacting temperature range is 25∼45℃ 2) The concentration range of reactant solutions is 10∼30% 3) The optimum mole-ratio (CaCl/(NH) CO) is 1.0∼2.0. 4) The drying temperature range is 60∼80℃. 5) Temperature range of washing water is 25∼60℃.

珪酸마그네슘의 合成條件에 關한 硏究

전우정,신화우,최광식,안세민,이광표,장영수 원광대학교 식품약품안전성연구소 1993 食品藥品安全性硏究 Vol.6 No.-

Magesium twisilicate is mainly uaed as a nonsytemic antacid andabsrbent. Magnesium trisilicate when teeated with anacid sxuh as diluted hydrochloric acid in gastric juice decomposes to form Magnesium chloride and colloidal Silicates. 2MgO·3SiO_2 + 4Hcl - 2MgCl_2 + H_4Si_3O_8 (or 3SiO_2 + 2H_2O) Colloidal mixture The resultng colloidal silicates can protect ahe ulcer frdm further acid and peptic attack and possibly adsorb the pepsin. It is well known that yield of Magnesium trisilcate produced is greatly affected by the Synthesis condition such as the reactant concentration, reaction temperature and moleatio of reactant solutions as well as by the emperature at which the precipitate is dried and the temperature of washing water, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the optimum synthesis conditions of Magnesium trisilicate. A randomized complete block design suggested by G.E.P. Bdx and K.B. Wagnesium sulfate solution with Sodium silicate solution in this study. It was found that optimal synthesis conditidns were: Reaction temperature range : 57-90 ℃. Concentration range of reactants (Sodium silicate and Magnesium sulfate) : 19.1-29% molar ratio of the reactants. [Sodium silicate]/[Magnesium sulfate]: 1.47-1.80. temperature range of washing water: 45-48℃ and drying temperature range: 65-82℃ The antacidic activity of five Magnesium trisilicate samples which shows the maximum antacidic efficacy was tested by pharmacopeia acid consuming capacity test. The five Magnesium trisilicate samples were samples were identified by chemical analysis.

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

The Evolution of Korea's Strategy for Regional Cooperation

Shin-wha Lee(이신화) 고려대학교 일민국제관계연구원 2008 국제관계연구 Vol.13 No.1,2

한국은 냉전의 시기에 지정학적 고려에 따라 인접국이나 강대국과의 양자관계를 선호하였기 때문에 지역다자협력체제에 참여하는 것에는 미온적이었다. 그러나 탈냉전의 도래와 함께 동북아 지역의 안보환경이 바뀌고 지역경제협력이 가시화되면서 초국가적 대웅을 필요로 하는 이슈들이 동장함에 따라, 한국은 동아시아 지 역협력체 추진과정에 적극적으로 참여하기 시작하였다. 김대중 정부와 노무현 정부는 각각 열린 지역주의를 표방하며 동북아 지역뿐만 아니라 다른 지역국가들과 함께 협력하는 다소 확장된 지역협력을 주창하여 왔다. 그러나 이들 정권의 지역주의 정책은 내부지향적이었으며 남북관계와 직접적인 연관관계를 맺고 있다는 평가를 받고 있다. 새로이 출범한 이명박 정부는 열린 지역주의를 토대로 한 “아시아 협력 네트워크’를 통한 “아시아외교 확대”를 주요 외교정책기조로 삼고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이명박 대통령의 지역협력을 활성화시키려는 전략적 사고가 한미동맹 강화라는 정책목표보다 우선시 되지는 않을 것이다. 따라서 향후 한국의 지역안보협력공동체를 발전시키려는 노력은 기존의 한미양자관계를 보완하면서 다자적 틀을 구축하는 “양-다자적 협력체”를 발전시키는 데 역점을 둘 것으로 보인다.

Emerging Threats to International Security - Environment, Refugees, and Conflict

Shin- Wha Lee 서울대학교 국제학연구소 2001 Journal of International and Area Studies Vol.8 No.1

  This paper is to anticipate emerging issues that challenge the international community. Borrowing from the concept of bipolarity between communist and capitalist system during the Cold War, the interacting dynamics of environmental change, refugee flows, and conflicts were here labeled as tripolarity, a destructive set of interactions which increases global insecurity. The end of the Cold War seemed to promise peace, but countries soon fell prey to the violence of renewed ethnic rivalries, nationalism, and self-determination. These violent conflicts perhaps have caused more environmental destruction and human suffering (e.g. death or refugee flows) than the old, ideological conflicts. Moreover, such environmental change and refugee flows have come to the fore in global politics, not only as a consequence but also as an emerging source of violent conflicts.

The United Nations and Low Politics: Environmental & Human Security in East Asia

( Shin Wha Lee ) 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2001 Global economic review Vol.30 No.2