Sex-related Alterations of Gut Microbiota in the C57BL/6 Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Hee Jin Son,김나영,Chin-Hee Song,Ryoung Hee Nam,Soo In Choi,김주성,이동호 대한암예방학회 2019 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.24 No.3

Background: Gut microbiota is closely associated with development and exacerbation of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of this study was to investigate differences in gut microbiota depending on sex and changes of gut microbiota during IBD developments. Methods: 16s rRNA metagenomic sequencing was performed for fecal materials from 8-week-old wild type (WT) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) knockout (KO) C57BL/6 mice of both sexes. Diversity indices, relative abundance of microbiota, and linear discriminant analysis effect size were examined to compare microbial communities between groups. Clustering of groups was performed by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Functional capabilities of microbiota were estimated using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Results: PCoA and UPGMA tree analysis of beta-diversity demonstrated significant differences in gut microbiota between male and female groups of WT mice, but not of IL-10 KO mice. Firmicutes to Bacteroides ratio was higher in male group than that in female group in both WT mice and IL-10 KO mice. Phylum Proteobacteria significantly increased in female IL-10 KO mice than that in female WT mice. At species level, Lactobacillus murinus, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Helicobacter hepaticus significantly increased in IL-10 KO mice than in WT mice. The relative abundance of beta-glucuronidase (K01195) was higher in female IL-10 KO mice than that in female WT mice by PICRUSt. Conclusions: Our results suggest that microbiota-host interactions might differ between sexes during development of IBD. (J Cancer Prev 2019;24:173-182)

Effects of 17β-Estradiol on Colonic Permeability and Inflammation in an Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model

( Chin-hee Song ),( Nayoung Kim ),( Sung Hwa Sohn ),( Sun Min Lee ),( Ryoung Hee Nam ),( Hee Young Na ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Young-joon Surh ) 대한소화기학회 2018 Gut and Liver Vol.12 No.6

Background/Aims: Intestinal barrier dysfunction is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis. This dysfunction is caused by increased permeability and the loss of tight junctions in intestinal epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether estradiol treatment reduces colonic permeability, tight junction disruption, and inflammation in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colon cancer mouse model. Methods: The effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) were evaluated in ICR male mice 4 weeks after AOM/DSS treatment. Histological damage was scored by hematoxylin and eosin staining and the levels of the colonic mucosal cytokine myeloperoxidase (MPO) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To evaluate the effects of E2 on intestinal permeability, tight junctions, and inflammation, we performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, the expression levels of mucin 2 (MUC2) and mucin 4 (MUC4) were measured as target genes for intestinal permeability, whereas zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), occludin (OCLN), and claudin 4 (CLDN4) served as target genes for the tight junctions. Results: The colitis-mediated induced damage score and MPO activity were reduced by E2 treatment (p<0.05). In addition, the mRNA expression levels of intestinal barrier-related molecules (i.e., MUC2, ZO-1, OCLN, and CLDN4) were decreased by AOM/DSS-treatment; furthermore, this inhibition was rescued by E2 supplementation. The mRNA and protein expression of inflammation-related genes (i.e., KLF4, NF-κB, iNOS, and COX-2) was increased by AOM/DSS-treatment and ameliorated by E2. Conclusions: E2 acts through the estrogen receptor β signaling pathway to elicit anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal barrier by inducing the expression of MUC2 and tight junction molecules and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines. (Gut Liver 2018;12:682-693)

Highly Reversible Sn-Co Alloy Anode Using Porous Cu Foam Substrate for Li-Ion Batteries

Nam, Do-Hwan,Kim, Ryoung-Hee,Lee, Cho-Long,Kwon, Hyuk-Sang The Electrochemical Society 2012 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.159 No.11

Controlled Fabrication of Ceria Nanorod via Common Ion Effect

Nam Woon Kim,Hee Jin Maeng,Ja Ryoung Jo,Hyunung Yu 한국진공학회 2015 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2015 No.2

루이보스 추출물의 항산화 활성, 성분 분석 및 엘라스테이즈 저해 효과

양희정 ( Hee Jung Yang ),원보령 ( Bo Ryoung Won ),임영진 ( Young Jin Lim ),윤선경 ( Sun Kyeong Yoon ),지동환 ( Dong Hwan Ji ),최지연 ( Jee Yeon Choi ),한승주 ( Seung Joo Han ),이충우 ( Chung Woo Lee ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ) 대한화장품학회 2007 대한화장품학회지 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구에서는 루이보스 추출물의 항산화, 성분 분석 및 elastase 저해 효과에 관한 조사를 수행하였다. 추출물의 free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) 소거활성(FSC₅₀)은 50 % ethanol 추출물(11.50 ㎍/mL) < 당을 제거시킨 플라보노이드 aglycone 분획(8.47) < ethylacetate 분획(4.76) 순으로 증가하였다. Luminol-의존성 화학발광법을 이용한 Fe³⁺-EDTA/H₂O₂ 계에서 생성된 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species, ROS)에 대한 루이보스 추출물의 총항산화능은 ethylacetate 분획 (OSC₅₀, 4.58 ㎍/mL) < aglycone 분획(2.20) < 50% ethanol 추출물(1.09)순으로, 50 % ethanol 추출물에서 가장 큰 활성을 나타내었다. 루이보스 추출물에 대하여 rose-bengal로 증감된 사람 적혈구의 광용혈에 대한 억제 효과를 측정하였다. 루이보스 추출물의 경우 농도 의존적(1 ~ 100 ㎍/mL)으로 광용혈을 억제하였다. 특히 50 % ethanol 추출물은 50 ㎍/mL 농도에서 τ₅₀이 273.00 min으로 매우 큰 세포보호 효과를 나타내었다. 루이보스 추출물 중 ethylacetate 분획의 당 제거 반응 후 얻어진 aglycone 분획은 TLC에서 3개의 띠로 분리되었으며, HPLC 실험(360 nm)에서 3개의 피이크로 분리되었다. 분리된 3가지 성분은 luteolin, quercetin 및 kaempferol이었으며, 그들의 성분비는 각각 18.24 %, 58.79 %, 22.97 %로 quercetin의 함량이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 루이보스 추출물의 ethylacetate 분획의 TLC 크로마토그램은 7개의 띠로 분리되었고, HPLE 크로마토그램은 9개의 피이크를 보여주었다. TLC와 HPLC의 띠와 피이크를 확인한 결과, HPLC의 9개의 피이크는 용리순서로 peak 1 (조성비 14.71 %)은 isoorientin, peak 2 (28.84 %)는 orientin peak 3 (5.63 %)은 vitexin, peak 4 (12.73 %)는 rutin과 isovitexin, peak 5 (9.24 %)는 hyperoside, peak 6 (5.40%)은 isoquercitrin, peak 7 (1.48 %)은 luteolin, peak 8 (17.61 %)은 quercetin 및 peak 9 (4.59 %)는 kaempferol로 확인되었다. Aglycone 분획은 elastase 저해활성(IC₅₀)이 9.08 ㎍/mL로 매우 큰 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과들은 루이보스 추출물이 ¹O₂ 혹은 다른 ROS를 소광시키거나 소거함으로써 그리고 ROS에 대항하여 세포막을 보호함으로써 생체계, 특히 태양 자외선에 노출된 피부에서 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있음을 가리키며, 루이보스 성분에 대한 분석과 ethylacetate 분획의 당 제거 실험 후 얻어진 aglycone 분획의 큰 elastase 저해활성으로부터 주름개선 기능성 화장품원료로서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다. In this study, the antioxidative effects, inhibitory effects on elastase, and components of Aspalathus linearis extracts were investigated. The free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activities (FSC₅₀) of extract/fractions of Aspalathus linearis were in the order: 50 % ethanol extract (11.50 ㎍/mL) < deglycosylated flavonoid aglycone fraction (8.47 ㎍/mL) < ethylacetate fraction (4.76 ㎍/mL). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities (OSC₅₀) of some Aspalathus linearis extracts on ROS generated in Fe³⁺-EDTA/H₂O₂ system were investigated using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. The order of ROS scavenging activities were ethylacetate fraction (OSC₅₀, 4.58 ㎍/mL) < deglycosylated flavonoid aglycone fraction (2.20 ㎍/mL) < 50 % ethanol extract (1.09 ㎍/mL). 50 % Ethanol extract showed the most prominent scavenging activity. The protective effects of extract/fractions of Aspalathus linearis on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were investigated. The Aspalathus linearis extracts suppressed photohemolysis in a concentration dependent manner, particularly 50 % ethanol extract exhibited the most prominent celluar protective effect (τ₅₀, 272.00 min at 50 ㎍/mL). Aglycone fractions obtained from the deglycosylation reaction of ethylacetate fraction among the Aspalathus linearis extracts, showed 3 bands in TLC and 3 peaks in HPLC experiments (360 nm). Three components were identified as luteolin (composition ratio, 18.24 %), quercetin (58.79), and kaempferol (22.97). TLC chromatogram of ethylacetate fraction of Aspalathus linearis extract revealed 7 bands and HPLC chromatogram showed 9 peaks, which were identified as isoorientin (composition ratio, 14.71 %), orientin (28.84 %), vitexin (5.63 %), rutin and isovitexin (12.73 %), hyperoside (9.24 %), isoquercitrin (5.40 %), luteolin (1.48 %), quercetin (17.61 %) and kaempferol (4.59 %) in the order of elution time. The inhibitory effect of aglycone fraction on elastase (IC₅₀, 9.08 ㎍/mL) was very high. These results indicate that extract/fractions of Aspalathus linearis can function as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by scavenging ¹O₂ and other ROS, and protect cellular membranes against ROS. And component analysis of Aspalathus linearis extract and inhibitory activity on elastase of the aglycone fraction could be applicable to new functional cosmetics for smoothing wrinkles.

Changing Epidemiology of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Diseases in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Korea between 2001 and 2015

Ko, Ryoung-Eun,Moon, Seong Mi,Ahn, Soohyun,Jhun, Byung Woo,Jeon, Kyeongman,Kwon, O Jung,Huh, Hee Jae,Ki, Chang-Seok,Lee, Nam Yong,Koh, Won-Jung KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2018 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.33 No.8

<P>This study investigated the changes in the major etiologic organisms and clinical phenotypes of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) over a recent 15-year period in Korea. The increase of number of patients with NTM-LD was primarily due to an increase of <I>Mycobacterium avium</I> complex (MAC) lung disease (LD). Among MAC cases, the proportion of <I>M. avium</I> increased compared with <I>M. intracellulare</I>, whereas the incidence of <I>M. abscessus</I> complex and <I>M. kansasii</I> LD remained relatively stable. The proportion of cases of the nodular bronchiectatic form increased compared with the fibrocavitary form of NTM-LD.</P>

Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 Knockout Suppresses the Development of Aggressive Colorectal Cancer Formation Induced by Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Treatment in Female Mice

Chin-Hee Song,Na Young Kim,Ryoung Hee Nam,Soo In Choi,Changhee Kang,Jaeyoung Jang,Heewon Nho,신은,이하나 대한암예방학회 2021 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.26 No.1

Colon tumors develop more frequently in male than in female. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays differential roles in the stage of tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Nrf2 on colitis-associated tumorigenesis using Nrf2 knockout (KO) female mice. Azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated wild-type (WT) and Nrf2 KO female mice were sacrificed at week 2 and 16 after AOM injection. Severity of colitis, tumor incidence, and levels of inflammatory mediators were evaluated in AOM/DSS-treated WT and Nrf2 KO mice. Furthermore, qRT-PCR, Western blot abnalysis, and ELISA were performed in colon tissues. At week 2, AOM/DSS-induced colon tissue damages were significantly greater in Nrf2 KO than in WT mice. At week 16, tumor numbers (> 2 mm size) were significantly lower in both the proximal and distal colon in Nrf2 KO compared to WT. The overall incidences of adenoma/cancer of the proximal colon and submucosal invasive cancer of the distal colon were reduced by Nrf2 KO. The mRNA and protein expression levels of NF-κB-related mediators (i.e., iNOS and COX-2) and Nrf2-related antioxidants (i.e., heme oxygenase-1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit) were significantly lower in the Nrf2 KO than in WT mice. Interestingly, the protein level of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) was higher in AOM/DSS-treated Nrf2 KO than in WT mice. Our results support the oncogenic effect of Nrf2 in the later stage of carcinogenesis and upregulation of tumor suppressor 15-PGDH might contribute to the repression of colitis-associated tumorigenesis in Nrf2 KO female mice. Key Words Col

초임계 이산화탄소 처리 공정에 의한 다시마 유래 이취성분 제거

박정남(Jung-Nam Park),김령희(Ryoung-Hee Kim),우희철(Hee Chul Woo),전병수(Byung-Soo Chun) 한국청정기술학회 2012 청정기술 Vol.18 No.2

다시마 유래 이취 및 휘발성 유기 성분을 효과적으로 저감 또는 제거하기 위하여, 초임계 이산화탄소의 연속적인 처리 공정이 실험적으로 적용되었다. 다시마 시료는 동결 건조 후 710 μm의 크기로 균질화하여 사용하였으며, 초임계 이산화탄소 처리에 의한 효과를 평가하기 위하여 다양한 압력(10~25 MPa) 및 온도(35~55 ℃) 조건에서 실험을 수행하였다. 한편, 실험에 사용된 이산화탄소의 유입 유속은 26.81 g/min으로 일정하게 고정하였다. 초임계 이산화탄소 처리 전과 후, 다시마 유래 이취 및 휘발성 유기 성분은 기체 크로마토그래피-질량분석기에 의하여 동정되었으며, 다시마 원료에서 알코올, 알데하이드, 에스터 및 산, 케톤, 할로젠 화합물 그리고 탄화수소계를 주 성분으로 하는 총 47종의 이취 및 휘발성 유기 성분이 동정되었다. 초임계 이산화탄소 처리 후 모든 실험 조건에서 이취 및 휘발성 유기 성분이 저감 또는 제거되었고, 그 중 25 MPa, 55 ℃의 실험 조건에서 87.48%로 가장 높은 제거율을 보여주었다. In order to reduce or remove off-flavor and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Laminaria japonica effectively, continuous treatment process by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) was applied. After freeze-drying, Laminaria japonica powdered with 710 μm was used. Experiments were carried out at temperature range from 35 to 55 ℃, and pressure range from 10 to 25 MPa for evaluation of SC-CO₂ treatment effect. Flow rate of carbon dioxide used in this reseach was constantly fixed at 26.81 g/min. Before and after treatment of SC-CO₂, off-flavor and VOCs from Laminaria japonica were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detector (GC-MSD). Total 47 VOCs emitted from Laminaria japonica were identified before treatment of SC-CO₂, major components of seaweed smell (ordor) in Laminaria japonica were identified as alcohols, aldehydes, ester and acids, ketone, halogenated compounds and hydrocarbon. Off-flavor and VOCs in all experimental conditions was reduced or removed after SC-CO₂treatment. Among the experimental conditions, the highest removal yield was at 25 MPa and 55 ℃.

악성변화를 일으킨 거대한 비인강 및 상악종양의 2례

김기령,백기우,김희남,김재선 대한이비인후과학회 1974 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.17 No.2

Fecal Microbial Enterotypes Differentially Respond to a High-fat Diet Based on Sex in Fischer-344 Rats

최수인,김나영,Ryoung Hee Nam,Ji Hyun Park,Heewon Nho,Jeong Eun Yu,Chin-Hee Song,Sun Min Lee,Dong Ho Lee 대한암예방학회 2021 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.26 No.4

The gut microbiota interacts with the host gut environment, which is influenced by such factors as sex, age, and host diet. These factors induce changes in the microbial composition. The aim of this study was to identify differences in the gut microbiome of Fisher-344 (F344) rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), depending on their age and sex. Fecal microbiomes from 6-, 31-, and 74-week-old, and 2-year-old both male and female rats (corresponding to 5-, 30-, 60-, and 80-year-old humans) were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states, and enterotype (E) assessment. Moreover, the effect of an HFD on colonic epithelial cells was measured using real-time quantitative PCR. Alpha diversity decreased in the HFD group regardless of age and sex. Based on the enterotype clustering of the whole fecal microbiome, clusters from male rats were divided into E1 and E2 enterotypes, while clusters from female rats were divided into E1, E2, and E3 enterotypes. The female E3 group showed a significantly high abundance in the Ruminococcus genus and expression of Tlr2 mRNA, which may reflect compensation to the HFD. Moreover, the female E3 group showed a lower ratio of opportunistic pathogenic strains to commensal strains compared to the female E2 group. Administration of an HFD influenced the rat fecal microbiota in all assessed age groups, which could be further differentiated by sex. In particular, female rats showed a compensatory enterotype response to an HFD compared to male rats. Key Words Rats, Diet, high-fat, Microbiota, Aging, Sex