Histological Validation of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance T1 Mapping for Assessing the Evolution of Myocardial Injury in Myocardial Infarction: An Experimental Study

Zhang Lu,Yang Zhi-gang,Xu Huayan,Yang Meng-xi,Xu Rong,Chen Lin,Sun Ran,Miao Tianyu,Zhao Jichun,Zhou Xiaoyue,Fu Chuan,Guo Yingkun 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.12

Objective: To determine whether T1 mapping could monitor the dynamic changes of injury in myocardial infarction (MI) and be histologically validated. Materials and Methods: In 22 pigs, MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery and they underwent serial cardiovascular magnetic resonance examinations with modified Look-Locker inversion T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) computation in acute (within 24 hours, n = 22), subacute (7 days, n = 13), and chronic (3 months, n = 7) phases of MI. Masson’s trichrome staining was performed for histological ECV calculation. Myocardial native T1 and ECV were obtained by region of interest measurement in infarcted, peri-infarct, and remote myocardium. Results: Native T1 and ECV in peri-infarct myocardium differed from remote myocardium in acute (1181 ± 62 ms vs. 1113 ± 64 ms, p = 0.002; 24 ± 4% vs. 19 ± 4%, p = 0.031) and subacute phases (1264 ± 41 ms vs. 1171 ± 56 ms, p < 0.001; 27 ± 4% vs. 22 ± 2%, p = 0.009) but not in chronic phase (1157 ± 57 ms vs. 1120 ± 54 ms, p = 0.934; 23 ± 2% vs. 20 ± 1%, p = 0.109). From acute to chronic MI, infarcted native T1 peaked in subacute phase (1275 ± 63 ms vs. 1637 ± 123 ms vs. 1471 ± 98 ms, p < 0.001), while ECV progressively increased with time (35 ± 7% vs. 46 ± 6% vs. 52 ± 4%, p < 0.001). Native T1 correlated well with histological findings (R2 = 0.65 to 0.89, all p < 0.001) so did ECV (R2 = 0.73 to 0.94, all p < 0.001). Conclusion: T1 mapping allows the quantitative assessment of injury in MI and the noninvasive monitoring of tissue injury evolution, which correlates well with histological findings.

Mixtures of Tea and Citrus maxima (pomelo) Alleviate Lipid Deposition in HepG2 Cells Through the AMPK/ACC Signaling Pathway

Ran An,Shuai Wen,Dong-Li Li,Qiu-Hua Li,Xing-Fei Lai,Wen-Ji Zhang,Ruo-Hong Chen,Jun-Xi Cao,Zhi-Gang Li,Qiu-Sheng Huang,Ling-Li Sun,Shi-Li Sun 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.9

Tea and citrus maxima are natural, medicinal homologous plants, typically used for making beverages, which have anticancer, antiobesity, and antioxidation properties. Green tea, yellow tea, and black tea were combined with citrus maxima to obtain green tea and Citrus maxima (GTCM), yellow tea and Citrus maxima (YTCM), and black tea and Citrus maxima (BTCM). The biochemical components of these mixtures were analyzed, and their possible effects and mechanisms on relieving liver lipid deposition were explored. The tea polyphenols, free amino acids, phenolamine ratio, and caffeine were comparable in YTCM and GTCM, being significantly higher than those in BTCM. In addition, the content of esterified catechins, nonesterified catechins, and total catechins in YTCM was significantly higher than those in GTCM and BTCM. All three mixtures of Citrus maxima tea significantly reduced lipid deposition in HepG2 cells, with GTCM and YTCM being slightly more effective than BTCM. Regarding the possible mechanism, Western blot analysis revealed that the three Citrus maxima tea mixtures could activate the AMPK/ACC signaling pathway, upregulate the expression of p-AMPK, p-ACC, and CPT-1 proteins, and downregulate the expression of SREBP1c and fatty acid synthase proteins to inhibit fat synthesis, thereby relieving lipid deposition in liver cells. In conclusion, as a novel and healthy beverage, Citrus maxima tea has the potential to alleviate liver lipid deposition, and further could be responsible for obesity treatment.

Fertility and prognosis assessment between bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin and paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy regimens in the conservative treatment of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: a multicenter and retrospective study

Ran Chu,Penglin Liu,Jingying Chen,Xiaodong Cheng,Kezhen Li,Yanci Che,Jianliu Wang,Li Li,Xi Zhang,Shu Yao,Li Song,Ying Zhao,Changzhen Huang,Ying Xue,Xiyu Pan,Junting Li,Zhongshao Chen,Jie Jiang,Beihua 대한부인종양학회 2023 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.34 No.2

Objective: To evaluate the impact of bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin (BEP) and paclitaxel/carboplatin (PC) chemotherapy regimens on the fertility and prognostic outcomes in malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT) patients who underwent fertility-sparing surgery (FSS). Methods: A propensity score matching algorithm was performed between the BEP and PC groups. The χ2 test and the Kaplan-Meier method were used to compare the fertility outcome, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify risk factor of DFS. Results: We included 213 patients, 185 (86.9%) underwent BEP chemotherapy, and 28 (13.1%) underwent PC chemotherapy. The median age was 22 years (range, 8–44 years), and the median follow-up period was 63 months (range, 2–191 months). Fifty-one (29.3%) patients had a pregnancy plan, and 35 (85.4%) delivered successfully. In the before and after propensity score matching cohorts, there were no significant differences in spontaneous abortion, selective termination of pregnancy, during-pregnancy status, and live birth between the BEP and PC groups (p>0.05). Fourteen (6.6%) patients experienced recurrence, including 11 (5.9%) in the BEP group and 3 (10.7%) in the PC group. Four (1.9%) patients in the BEP group died. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant differences in DFS (p=0.328) and OS (p=0.446) between the BEP and PC groups, and the same survival results were observed in the after matching cohort. Conclusion: The PC regimen is as safe as the BEP regimen for MOGCT patients with fertility preservation treatment, and no differences were observed in fertility and clinical prognosis.

NPC-IGCT Phase Module Clamp Circuit LRC Parameters Design considering FRD snappy Recovery

Yang Ju Zou,Jia Xi Hu,Zhen Yu Ma,Jian Ping Liu,Run Qing Guo,Zhi Xue Zhang 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

In this paper, a method for neutral point clamping-integrated gate commutated thyristor (NPCIGCT) phase module clamp circuit parameters design considering FRD snappy recovery is present. Based on the snappy recovery theory, and analysis of snappy recovery factors, the paper has shown decreasing current commutating slope can attenuated snappy recovery affect effectively. Then, the paper has shown that it is reasonable for decreasing di/dt by increasing inductance of NPC-IGCT phase module clamp circuit, based on the circuit working principle. Then, the new clamp circuit parameters design method which combine multi-objective optimization solution mathematical module of the circuit, fast recovery diode (FRD) snappy recovery, devices overvoltage and loss is shown in paper. A design example and its test results have demonstrated both IGCT and FRD characteristics have been guaranteed and ensuring safety and reliability of the NPC - IGCT phase module.

Reports : IGF1 potentiates BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells through the enhancement of BMP/Smad signaling

( Liang Chen ),( Xiang Zou ),( Ran-xi Zhang ),( Chang-jun Pi ),( Nian Wu ),( Liang-jun Yin ),( Zhong-liang Deng ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2016 BMB Reports Vol.49 No.2

Engineered bone tissue is thought to be the ideal alternative for bone grafts in the treatment of related bone diseases. BMP9 has been demonstrated as one of the most osteogenic factors, and enhancement of BMP9-induced osteogenesis will greatly accelerate the development of bone tissue engineering. Here, we investigated the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation, and unveiled a possible molecular mechanism underling this process. We found that IGF1 and BMP9 are both detectable in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Exogenous expression of IGF1 potentiates BMP9-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP), matrix mineralization, and ectopic bone formation. Similarly, IGF1 enhances BMP9-induced endochondral ossification. Mechanistically, we found that IGF1 increases BMP9-induced activation of BMP/Smad signaling in MSCs. Our findings demonstrate that IGF1 can enhance BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in MSCs, and that this effect may be mediated by the enhancement of the BMP/Smad signaling transduction triggered by BMP9. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(2): 122-127]

Nanoarchitectonics of tannic acid based injectable hydrogel regulate the microglial phenotype to enhance neuroplasticity for poststroke rehabilitation

Zongjian Liu,Shulei Zhang,Yuanyuan Ran,Huimin Geng,Fuhai Gao,Guiqin Tian,Zengguo Feng,Jianing Xi,Lin Ye,Wei Su 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Poststroke rehabilitation is still unsatisfactory in clinics, which brings great pain and economic burdens to stroke patients. In this study, an injectable hydrogel in which tannic acid (TA) acts as not only a building block but also a therapeutic drug, was developed for poststroke rehabilitation. Methods TA is used as a building block to form an injectable hydrogel (TA gel) with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) by multivalent hydrogen bonds. The morphology, rheological properties, and TA release behavior of the hydrogel were characterized. The abilities of the TA gel to modulate microglial (BV2 cells) polarization and subsequently enhance the neuroplasticity of neuro cells (N2a cells) were assessed in vitro. The TA gel was injected into the cavity of stroke mice to evaluate motor function recovery, microglial polarization, and neuroplasticity in vivo. The molecular pathway through which TA modulates microglial polarization was also explored both in vitro and in vivo. Results The TA gel exhibited sustainable release behavior of TA. The TA gel can suppress the expression of CD16 and IL-1β, and upregulate the expression of CD206 and TGF-β in oxygen and glucose-deprived (OGD) BV2 cells, indicating the regulation of OGD BV2 cells to an anti-inflammatory phenotype in vitro. This finding further shows that the decrease in synaptophysin and PSD95 in OGD N2a cells is effectively recovered by anti-inflammatory BV2 cells. Furthermore, the TA gel decreased CD16/iNOS expression and increased CD206 expression in the periinfarct area of stroke mice, implying anti-inflammatory polarization of microglia in vivo. The colocalization of PSD95 and Vglut1 stains, as well as Golgi staining, showed the enhancement of neuroplasticity by the TA gel. Spontaneously, the TA gel successfully recovered the motor function of stroke mice. The western blot results in vitro and in vivo suggested that the TA gel regulated microglial polarization via the NF-κB pathway. Conclusion The TA gel serves as an effective brain injectable implant to treat stroke and shows promising potential to promote poststroke rehabilitation in the clinic.

A Putative Histone Deacetylase Modulates the Biosynthesis of Pestalotiollide B and Conidiation in Pestalotiopsis microspora

( Xue Liang Niu ),( Xiao Ran Hao ),( Zhang Yong Hong ),( Long Fei Chen ),( Xi Yu ),( Xu Dong Zhu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.5

Fungi of the genus Pestalotiopsis have drawn attention for their capability to produce an array of bioactive secondary metabolites that have potential for drug development. Here, we report the determination of a polyketide derivative compound, pestalotiollide B, in the culture of the saprophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora NK17. Structural information acquired by analyses with a set of spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques suggests that pestalotiollide B has the same skeleton as the penicillide derivatives, dibenzodioxocinones, which are inhibitors of cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), and as purpactins A and C’, inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT). Strain NK17 can make a fairly high yield of pestalotiollide B (i.e., up to 7.22 mg/l) in a constitutive manner in liquid culture. Moreover, we found that a putative histone deacetylase gene, designated as hid1, played a role in the biosynthesis of pestalotiollide B. In the hid1 null mutant, the yield of pestalotiollide B increased approximately 2-fold to 15.90 mg/l. In contrast, deletion of gene hid1 led to a dramatic decrease of conidia production of the fungus. These results suggest that hid1 is a modulator, concerting secondary metabolism and development such as conidiation in P. microspora. Our work may help with the investigation into the biosynthesis of pestalotiollide B and the development for new CETP and ACAT inhibitors.

Inhibitory effects of osteoprotegerin on osteoclast formation and function under serum-free conditions

Ying-Xiao Fu,Jian-Hong Gu,Yi-Ran Zhang,Xi-Shuai Tong,Hong-Yan Zhao,Yan Yuan,Xue-Zhong Liu,Jian-Chun Bian,Zong-Ping Liu 대한수의학회 2013 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to determine whether osteoprotegerin (OPG) could affect osteoclat differentiation and activation under serum-free conditions. Both duck embryo bone marrow cells and RAW264.7 cells were incubated with macrophage colony stimulatory factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in serum-free medium to promote osteoclastogenesis. During cultivation, 0,10, 20, 50, and 100 ng/mL OPG were added to various groups of cells. Osteoclast differentiation and activation were monitored via tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining,filamentous-actin rings analysis, and a bone resorption assay. Furthermore, the expression osteoclast-related genes, such as TRAP and receptor activator for nuclear factor κB (RANK),that was influenced by OPG in RAW264.7 cells was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In summary,findings from the present study suggested that M-CSF with RANKL can promote osteoclast differentiation and activation,and enhance the expression of TRAP and RANK mRNA in osteoclasts. In contrast, OPG inhibited these activities under serum-free conditions.

Construction of an Industrial Brewing Yeast Strain to Manufacture Beer with Low Caloric Content and Improved Flavor

( Jin Jing Wang ),( Zhao Yue Wang ),( Xi Feng Liu ),( Xue Na Guo ),( Xiu Ping He ),( Pierre Christian Wensel ),( Bo Run Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.4

Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Honey Bee Larva Powder

Kejuan Li,Shuang Sun,Masakatsu Kageyama,Long Xiao,Guoqing Xing,Ran Gao,Fengming You,Xi Fu,Zhenya Zhang 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.7

Honey bee larva powder (HLP) has traditionally been used as a daily supplement and tonic for health promotion with an uncertain scientific basis. In this study, B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice were established to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of HLP. The proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of honey bee larva extract (HLE) in RAW 264.7 macrophage. The in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the oral administration of freeze-dried HLP (4 and 6 g/kg) significantly enhanced the spleen index, the percentage of CD4+cells, and the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD4+/CD8+) in the peripheral blood compared with those in the tumor control mice. The in vitro studies demonstrated the potent immunomodulatory activities of HLE through the induction of RAW 264.7 macrophage proliferation and the mitigation of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced toxicity. HLE also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage. The present study provides important scientific evidence for the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of HLP and HLE.