치매방지 작업기구 사용이 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

조경혜,박정은,윤지윤,문세보,박효영,정인옥,이정원 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2001 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.13 No.-

We developed an occupational therapy tool to maintain and improve the cognitive function for the elderly who have senile dementia. 86 elderly people took a mininal mental state examination (MMSE) for the therapy to perform the occupational therapy, and divided into three groups based on avarage ages and MMSE values. The occupational therapy was treated three times per week for 10 weeks. The results showed that there were significant differences in the performing scores before and after the treatment ; the scores for the occupational therapy were increased significantly (p<0.001) and the performing time was shortened from 6-week throughout 10-week regimen. This study was to examine the effect on the activity of antioxidant enzymes by occupational therapy. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, Glutathion-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased to the normal standard by the occupational therapy for the elderly having dementia. The recovery of activities of antioxidant enzymes was obvious in severe demented elderly compared to those in normal or mild demented elderly. These results suggest that the occupational therapy had an beneficial effect on the protection against the oxidative stress especially for severe demented elderly, and the occupational tool need to be modified so as to improve the protection against the oxidative stress for normal and/or mild demented elderly.

Nicotine이 계태장기조직의 효소활성에 미치는 영향

조경혜,유은정 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1991 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

임산부 흡연시 담배의 다양한 성분가운데, nicotine이 모체의 대사변동을 통해 간접적으로 또는 태반 융모간 혈류를 따라 직접적으로 태아에게 미치는 영향을 효소학적으로 검증하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 인체와의 내성의 차이를 고려하여, 발생중인 계태(8일째)에 0.5ml의 nicotine 용액을 농도별로 (대조군, 제1군:0.206mg/egg, 제2군:0.412mg/egg, 제3군:0.618mg/egg, 제4군:0.824mg/egg) 주입하고, 10일을 더 발육시킨 후 각 장기를 적출하여 마쇄하고 원심분리한 상등액을 시료로 하여 효소활성을 측정한 결과, 대조군에 대한 제2군에서의 specific activity비율이 다음과 같이 증감되었다. Alkaline phosphatase는 폐에서 5.4배, 신장 3.4배, 간과 대퇴부 1.3배, 뇌와 소장에서 1.2배, 심장 1.1배의 증가를 보였고, 위에서는 50% 감소되었다. ATPase는 폐 1.7배, 간 1.6배, 신장에서 1.4배의 증가를 보였고, 심장과 소장에서 1.13배, 위에서 1.07배의 활성을 나타내었으며, 뇌와 대퇴부에서는 오히려 감소하여 각각 90%수준의 specific activity를 보였다. MDH는 152%와 118%로 각각 증가된 폐와 신장을 제외한 모든 장기에서 specific activity가 낮아졌는데, 그 감소비율은 간 29%, 뇌 25%, 위 24% 대퇴부 20%, 심장 17%, 소장 6%로 나타났다. 5'-Nucleotidase는 폐 6.6배, 신장 1.8배, 대퇴부 1.34배, 심장 1.29배, 간 1.1배의 증가를 보인 반면, 뇌와 위, 소장은 대조군에 비해 각각 17%, 22%, 12% 감소를 보였다. Arginase는 폐, 신장에서 각각 1.7배와 1.4배의 두드러진 증가를 보였으며, 뇌와 소장은 1.3배, 간과 대퇴부는 1.1배의 증가가 있었으나, 심장과 위에서는 9%와 19%의 감소를 보여주었다. 소화 및 근육장기에 비해 독성물질을 방어하거나 대사 및 배설하는 장기(간, 폐, 신장)에서 유의적인 증감을 확인할 수 있었는데 특히 폐에서 나타난 큰 변화는 흡연으로 인한 폐조직 손상과는 독립적으로 nicotine이 단독효과를 갖는다는 점을 시사해 준다. 간에서 보다 신장에서의 현저한 효과는 avian species의 대사적 특성으로 말미암아 간기능 일부를 신장이 담당하였기 때문에 나타난 결과로 보며, 이들 enzyme의 활성변화가 사람에게서도 나타나는 가를 확인하기 위해서는 쥐나 원숭이등의 동물실험이 더 부가되어야 하리라 생각된다. In order to study the effect of nicotine on the metabolic activities of the fetal tissues, the changes of enzymatic activities have been investigated in the chick embryonic organs treated with nicotine. Infection concentration which expressed low mortality and ascertained significant change of specific activity is 0.412mg/egg group and each organocellular enzymatic activity is as like follow: 1. Specific activity of alkaline phosphatase is significantly increased in lung, kidney and liver but decreased in stomach. 2. Specific activity of ATPase is increased in lung, liver, and kidney but decreased in brain & thigh muscle. 3. Specific activity of malate dehydrogenase is decreased in liver, brain, stomach, thigh muscle, and heart, but increased in lung and kidney. 4. Specific activity of 5'-nucleotidase is increased in lung, kidney, thigh muscle, and heart but decreased in brain, stomach and intestine. 5. Specific activity of arginase is increased in lung, kidney, brain, and intestine but decreased in heart and stomach. Significant changes of specific activity are ascertained in organs which protect, metabloize or excret toxic materials rather than digestive or muscular organ. In particular, large scale change expressed in lung suggested that the nicotine affccts not only tissue damages by smoking but also the metabolic changes of the fetal tissues at the cellular levels. More remarkable changes in kidney result from metabolic specificity of avian species which kidney is in charge of a part of liver function.

흑두 추출물이 모발 주기 anagen 시기의 증식과 분화에 미치는 영향

조영롱,이은정,조경혜 서울여자대학교 2010 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.22 No.-

A hair follicle is one of complex miniorgans in human body which has a life cycle of anagen, catagen and telogen. The three stages occur periodically and it is reported that this cycle is controlled by the balance of Bmp and noggin. This study attempts to verify in a molecular level if a Glycine Semen nigra extract known as a hair restorer has positive effect on maintaining autonomous anagen stage of DP cells isolated from 1 day-old rat back skin by expressing Bmp and noggin. It was proven that the Glycine Semen nigra extract stimulates mRNA expression of bmp4, bmp6 and their receptor bmpr1a, which maintains anagen stage and stimulates differentiation. The effect of Glycine Semen nigra extract on stimulating differentiation of DP cells was also verified as the extract increases the expression of lef1 and other differentiation marker genes (wif1, akp2, alx4) for differentiation and the enzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase. It was observed that Glycine Semen nigra extract induces anagen phase and increases the gene expression of Bmp antagonist noggin which stimulates proliferation of DP cells. The expression of various growth factors (fos, vegf, fgf2) related to the proliferation of DP cell and hair follicle increases. The expression of wnt7a, which maintains anagen and stimulates cell multiplication, and its effector β-catenin also increased. Therefore, it was verified that Glycine Semen nigra extract has positive effect on hair growth by maintaining anagen stage, at which multiplication and differentiation of follicular cells actively occur. Glycine Semen nigra extract is expected to be used as a hair tonic or a hair growth promoter that maintains anagen stage and healthy hair.

Bisphenol A가 마우스의 장기무게 및 운동능력에 미치는 영향

조경혜,문세보,이정원 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2002 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.14 No.-

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disrupting chemical that affects reproduction in wildlife and human beings and has been shown to mimic the actions of estrogens. BPA has been thought to be a harmful compound to human beings as well as wildlife. However, there have been few reports on the effect of BPA on movement capability or weights of several organs of animals. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the effect of BPA on weights of several organs and movement capability. BPA exposure was performed in ICR male mouse at dose levels of 0.015, 1.5 or 30 mg/ml in the drinking water for 8 weeks. To evaluate the effect on movement capability, 30 min swimming was applied to mouse administrated with various doses of BPA. After experimental treatment for 8 weeks, mice were sacrificed, and experiments were performed for serolog ical evaluation and comparison of organ weights. There were no differences in serological parameters such as blood cholesterol, blood glucose. total serum protein and serum LDH activity among all groups. There were no change in weights of body and several organs. except spleen between BPA-treated and nontreated mouse. The movement capabilities were decreased in the mice treated with BPA. Electron micrographs of cross sectioned skeletal muscle fibers showed that administration of BPA caused swelling of sarcoplasmic reticulum. These results suggested that BPA may cause the structural transformation of skeletal muscle fibers and then may induce the decrease of movement capability.

정상 노인과 치매 환자간 임상화학적 검사 수치의 비교

조경혜,손혜연 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1997 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.3 No.2

나이가 들어가면서 나타나는 여러 가지 변화를 임상적으로 검사하고 측정하므로써 건강상태를 예측하는 것은 노화를 지연시키고 건강한 삶을 유지하는데 상당히 유용하고 기초적인 지표가 될 것이다. 점차 증가일로에 있는 노인성 질환의 여러 문제점을 해결하기 위해 노령인구 집단을 정상군과 치매군으로 구분하여 13종의 임상 화학 검사를 시행한 결과, 두 집단 사이에서, 임상 생화학적 검사의 양상의 다를 것이라는 예측대로의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 즉, serum albumin, APase, glucose, GOT, LDH 등의 수치는 정상군과 치매군 사이에서 현저한 차이를 보이는 반면, bilirubin, BUN, cholesterol, creatinine, total protein 등의 검사 수치에서는 별다른 차이를 볼 수 없었으며, 그 밖에 calcium, GPT, Pi 검사 등의 결과에서도 두 집단 사이에서 차이를 보였다. 이것은 치매가 체내에서 많은 생화학적 변화를 일으킴을 시사하고, 치매 발병에 여러 가지 환경 요인이 영향을 미치게될 것이라는 결론을 유도할 수 있게 한다. The measurement of many biochemical changes that could be appeared as aging will be resulted in the very useful and basal marker to maintain healthy life and to predict the health condition and the retardation of the aging. We classified the geriatrics into the normal and same aged dementia on the based of clinical diagnostic as well as MMSE evaluation. And then we were collected blood samples from both groups and examined 13 biochemical assays to screen any valuable biochemical index for dementia. Among 13 assays, several assay data showed the statistically significant differences between two groups. The values of serum albumin, APase, and GOT were significantly decreased in demented group compared to control. On the other hand, the values of glucose and LDH were increased in dementia compared to control. Additionally, the value of Pi was increased but the values of calcium and GPT were decreased, without significant difference (p>0.05). The values of other assays such as bilirubin, BUN, cholesterol, creatinine and total protein did not show any statistically significant differences. Conclusively it may be suggested that dementia might be resulted in the variable biochemical changes which could be affected by many environmental factors as well as dementia itself.

Alloxan으로 유발된 당뇨쥐의 간조직 Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 효소의 변화

조경혜,박수영 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1997 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.3 No.2

닭의장풀 추출액을 쥐의 체중 1㎏당 40㎎의 alloxan을 미정맥 주사한 당뇨쥐를 실험군으로 하여 혈당강하효과를 보았다. 정상대조군에게는 0.9% saline 용액을 투여하고 당뇨쥐에게는 쥐의 체중 1㎏당 100㎎의 식물단백추출액을 경구투여하여 683.6±115.61(mg/dl)에서 85.6±43.34(mg/dl)의 혈당치의 정상수준으로 회복하는 경향을 확인하였다. 정상군과 당뇨대조군, 약물투여군으로 나눈 실험쥐를 대상으로 간조직에서의 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) 효소의 활성도를 측정한 결과 당뇨대조군에서는 정상군의 34.2%로 G6PD 효소 활성도가 감소되었으며 식물추출액을 투여함으로써 정상치의 61%로 회복되었다. 실험쥐 간조직내에 G6PD 효소활성도의 감소 또는 회복과 G6PD isozyme 분자의 구조변화와의 연관성을 알아보기 위하여 native gel 전기영동을 실시하였다. 정상쥐의 간조직에서의 G6PD isozyme 형태는 band Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ(전기영동상의 분자이동 차이에 따른 형태)로 나타났고 alloxan을 투여한 당뇨쥐의 간조직내에서는 band Ⅰ, Ⅲ만이 나타났다. 닭의장풀 추출액을 투여한 실험군에서는 G6PD isozyme 형태가 정상쥐의 경우에서와 같이 band Ⅰ,Ⅱ와Ⅲ가 모두 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 G6PD isozyme의 구조변화가 G6PD의 효소활성도와 매우 큰 연관성이 있는 것으로 보여진다. The hypoglycemic and metabolic effects of Commelina communis L. extract were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The increased blood glucose level in the diabetic rats was sinificantly lowered with the treatments of the plant protein extract. Administration of the plant extract ellicited the significant increase of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in liver of alloxan-induced rats. Three isozyme patterns(band Ⅰ,Ⅱ&Ⅲ: in order decreasing mobility) of G6PD were found when normal rat liver extract were subjected to electrophoresis on native polyacrylamide gel. On the other hand, G6PD band patterns of alloxan-induced rat liver extract were found band Ⅱ isozyme missing. By treatment of plant extract in alloxan-induced rats has been showed pattern the recovery of missing band patterns. This indicates that changes of the G6PD isozyme might be related to the cellular process of diabetes.

계배 대퇴 근육 세포의 c-fos 유전자 발현 : 신호전달물질 및 신경세포와의 공동배양 효과 Effect of Signal Transduction Regulators and Co-culture with Chick Spinal Cord Neurons

조경혜,김은주 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.-

근육세포의 성장 및 분화는 인접한 신경세포에서 유리되는 신경전달물질에 의해 여러 경로를 통해 상호 조절된다. 본 실험에서는 계배 신경세포와 근육세포를 공동배양하여 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현을 조사하였으며 NGF, EGF, Ca++ionophore, PMA(Phobol 12-myristate 13-acetate)등을 근육세포에 처리함으로써 근육세포의 c-fos 발현 경로를 알아보고자 하였다. 계배 근육세포에서 c-fos 암원 유전자의 발현을 보기위해 Northern bolt과 slot blot 분석을 실시하였다. 발생 12일째된 계배 근육세포 배양 2일째에는 c-fos 발현이 증가되기 시작하여 5일째는 다소 감소하며 6일째는 더 이상 변화를 보이지 않았으며 신경세포와의 공동배양에서는 2일 후 c-fos 유전자의 유도를 관찰하였다. 분화된 근육세포에 EGF를 처리시 신속한 c-fos 발현 유도를 관찰하였으나 NGF를 처리시 그 효과를 관찰할 수 없었다. 이는 외부 신호 전달 물질 EGF와 신경말단의 시냅스 전달이 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현을 조절하는데 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다. 또한, Ca++ionophore (A23187)를 처리시 c-fos 암원 유전자의 신속한 증가를 관찰하였으나 PMA를 처리시는 주목할 만한 발현 증가를 볼 수 없었다. 이러한 결과는 Ca++이라는 이차 전령신호가 근육세포내의 c-fos 발현을 가져올 수 있음을 시사한다. 이들 결과로 부터 계배 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현은 외부자극에 반응하여 초기에 일어나며, 근육세포의 증식과 분화에 관여하리라 생각된다. Growth and differentiation of muscle cells were regulated by synaptic interaction of nerve endings and post synaptic events. This study was aimed to elucidate effects of co-culture with spinal cord neurons and four different signal transduction regulators, NGF, EGF, Ca^++ ionophore (A023187) and PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) on an expression of c-fos in chick embryonic skeletal muscle cells. Muscle cells were prepared from 12-day-old chick embryonic skeletal muscle cultured for 6 days. An increase in the expression of c-fos was observed after 2 days in culture, it continued for 3 more days, then declined after day 5. after co-culture for 2 days, the c-fos gene expression was increased in the differentiated skeletal muscle cells. The expression of c-fos in the differentiated muscle cells was increased within 60 minutes after treatment with EGF but its expression by NGF was not observed. These findings suggest that extracellular signal transmission through EGF and post synaptic has important roles on the regulation of the c-fos gene expression in differentiated muscle cells. The treatment with Ca^++ ionophore (A23187) in muscle cells induced the c-fos gene expression but PMA did not. These results reveal that the signal transduction pathway through the Ca^++ affects c-fos gene expression in skeletal muscle cells. Taken together, the expression of the c-fos is an early event in the response to external stimuli and plays an important role in proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells.

성인간호학 교과과정 내용개선을 위한 한국인의 질병분포에 관한 연구 : 일개 대학병원을 중심으로

김조자,이원희,유지수,허혜경,진혜영,최혜경 중앙의학사 1988 中央醫學 Vol.53 No.8

This study was a survey of the distribution of diseases in the Korean people, done to establish a criteria for time alottement for the patient need based theory in the curriculum in Nursing Care of Adult Patients. The methodology used was a descriptive survey of the statistical reports of disease. Data was gathered from the yearly reports from Yonsei University Medical Center, years 1982 to 1987 and the 1986 curriculum for Nursing Care of Adult Patients. Analysis was done by examining the frequency and percentages of diseases in each need category. The results of the study are as follows: 1. In the category of nutrition and elimination need. patents with diseases of the gastrointestinal system made up 1490 % and lectures in this area, 19.18 %. In the category of oxygen need, patients with respiratory diseases made up 13.70 % of the total and patients with cardiovascular diseases, 10.46 % lecture time was 15.07 % of the total. 2. The ratio of the frequency of diseases involving neoplasms, chronicity, emergency, rehabilitation, contagious, parasitic problems when compared to the lecture time allotted for them directly showed that in comparison. the lecture time was short. However, in the present curriculum material related to neoplastic, chronic, emergency and rehabilitation problems is given each need category and so, although. it is difficult to determine the exact frequency distribution, it can be assumed that it is not inadequate. 3. For safety and security needs, that is needs related to diseases of the nervous system and patients with sensory loss, and activity and rest needs, that is patients with diseases of the musculoskeletal system and patients with diseases of the connective tissue, the ratio of lecture time to number of patients showed a higher rate for lecture time. The lecture time for acute trauma and poisoning was lower. The interrelationship between these concepts needs to be reconciled. From this study it can be seen that the ratio of the distribution of patients with diseases related to the need categories and the lecture time for each category are very similar.

일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구

강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.

數種 複合례진 充塡材의 邊緣漏出

孫惠卿,曺圭澄 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1984 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal sealing ability of various composite resins as restorative materials in class V cavities prepared conventionally and according to the principles of the Adhesive Restoration (AR). The principles of the AR consisted of a special cavity design, enamel etching, and the combined use of a low viscosity sealant and a composite resin restoration. Using freshly extracted human teeth and 0.05% acquous crystal violet, the marginal leakage of dye in restorative materials such as Restodent, Composite and Durafill was investigated. The result was as follows; All filling materials revealed some degree of marginal penetration by dye between the cavity walls and restorations. The restorations prepared according to the AR techniques showed the least marginal leakage. Pronounced dye penetration scores were observed when the use of a low-viscosity sealant prior to bulk placement of the restoration was omitted. Durafill contained pyrogenous silicon dioxide micro-fillers (SiO_2) showed better marginal sealing ability than the other composites.