정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

교사들의 공통과학 실험 · 실습 선호도 조사 분석

정원우,이윤종,강용희,윤일희,이우붕,손종경,김중욱,강동진,권용주 慶北大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1999 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.23 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of the experimental and practical education in high school general science. The present status and reasonable management of the experimental and practical education in high school general science were evaluated by the questionaires. To do this, 146 science teachers in Korea are administered questionaires. The frequency of the experimental and practical items in the seven kind of general science text books were investigated. The problems and the reasonable management for experimental and practical education were proposed in this paper.

요소 수용액에서 계면 활성제의 미셀화에 미치는 입력효과

鄭倧在,李相旭 慶北大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of dodecylpyridinium bromide (DoPB) in aqueous urea solutions have been determined over a range of pressures up to 2000 bars at 25° and 35℃. The partial molal volumes of DoPB in micellar (V￣_m) and singly dispersed states(V￣_s) have also been determined in aqueous urea solutions at 25℃. V￣_s increases with the addition of urea, while V￣_m remains approximately constant. The partial molal entropy change of micellization (ΔS￣_m in water increases with an increase in the pressure up to about 1000 bars, while ΔS￣_m in 2.94M urea solution remains virtually unaltered in the low-pressure region. The results suggest that the "iceberg" structure of water around the hydrocarbon chain of the monomeric surfactant is effectively broken down by urea.

A STUDY ON THE RISK PROTECTION OF THE MOLD TRANSFORMER

Chung,Young-Ki,Jung,Jong-Wook,Kim,Jae-Chul,Kwak,Hee-Ro,Lee,Su-Kyung 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

This paper investigates and analyzes the installation and failure status of mold transformer being used in domestic subways and describes the extinguishing process by time through the combustion test of winding part of mold transformer. Condition of installed mold transformers and classes of fire were surveyed and the mold transformer was burned in a horizontal heating furnace. It was confirmed that the mold transformer is self extinguishing and nonflammability. According to this results, the suitable standard of fire protection for the mold transformer was demanded after review of domestic and abroad law. It is expected that the cost of fire protection equipment can be reduced by using the status and combustion test result of mold transformer.

방사선 조사 후 대뇌결질에 분포한 Neuropeptide-Y 양성신경세포에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

이상욱,김종중,정윤영,정종달,오윤경 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background and Objectives : Severe irradiation on the cerebral cortex of the human and animals may result in functional alterations of central nervous system. The purpose of this study, the irradiation effects on the cerebral cortex of the rats after brain irradiation was to investigate the change of distribution and morphology of neuropeptide-Y(NPY) neurons. Materials and Methods : Radiation was produced by the linear accelerator 6MV X-ray, and the animals were categorized into control and experimental groups and we use 45 Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 200~250gm. The head areas of the animals were positioned within the radiation field of 12㎝ × 20㎝ and with the radiation depth of 1.5㎝. Sodium chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats were exposed to the radiation with the dose rate of 240 cGy/min. The total dose was 1800 cGy. Animals were sacrificed on 2 hours, 5 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 7days after brain irradiation. Under anesthesia, animals were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde-1% glutaraldehyde solution. On one or two hours after the perfusion, brain were taken out and refixed over night in the same fixative. Using ABC immunohistochemistry, morphology and distribution of neuropeptide-Y immunoractive(NPY-IR) neurons were studied on the cerebral cortex of the control and brain-irradiated rats. We used light, transmission electron and confocal laser scanning microscope. Results : The following results were obtained : 1. On control group, NPY-IR neurons were found in all layers of the primary sensory and motor cerebral cortex, and the NPY-IR neurons were concentrated within the layer II, III, IV, V and VI. The typical NPY-IR perikarya was bipolar and multipolar shape. 2. On 2 hours, 5 hours, 1 day after X-irradiation, decreased number of NPY-IR neurons were detected in the primary sensory and motor cerebral cortex of the rats. Also shrunken and transformed NPY-IR neurons were detected in the primary sensory and motor cerebral cortex of the rats. 3. On 3 days and 7 days after X-irradiation, morphology and distribution of NPY-IR neurons in the primary sensory and motor cerebral cortex was generally restored. 4. In optical serial section analysis of NPY-IR neurons, high fluorescence intensity were observed in a part of the 8~11 sections of the control and all irradiated groups. In optical single section analysis of NPY-IR neurons, red color(high fluorescence intensity) was observed in a part of 6, 7 sections of the control and all irradiated groups. 5. By electron microscopy, NPY-IR neurons on 2 hours, 5 hours, 1 day after X-irradiation rats exhibited severe alterations of their organelles concerning intracellular material transport ; such as disappearance of microvilli and basal infoldings, reduction of invaginating pits on the basal and apical plasma membranes, reduction of transformed vesicles and shrunken Golgi complexes, etc. Conclusion : From the above results, it was concluded that the release of neurotransmitters and transcapillary leakage of blood substance were occurred on 2 hours, 5 hours, 1 day after X-irradiation, but the condition was generally restored on 3 days and 7 days following X-irradiation.

최근 5년간 응급실을 내원한 구강악안면외과 환자에 대한 임상적 연구

김종렬,정인교,양동규,박봉욱 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.2

his is a clinical study on patients who had visitied the Emergency Room of Pusan National University Hospital and then been treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery during recent 5 years, from 1992 to 1996. The results were as follow ; 1. The total number of patients was 2,680 and the ratio of male to female was 1.96:1, The highest monthly incidence was shown in September(12.1%) and October(10.5%) and the age distribution peaks was the third decade(24.3%) , followed by the first(23.1%) and the fourth decade(17.2%). 2. Soft tissue injury group(29. 1%) was the most prevalent, followed by tooth injury group(16. 1%), facial bone injury group (16.0%), toothache group(11.2%), socket bleeding group(11.1%), infection group(9.8%) and TMJ dislocation group(5.9%). 3. The percentage of in-patients and out-patient were 21.6% and 78.4%, respectively. The frequent causes of admission were facial bone fracture(73.8%) , infection(20.8%) and soft tissue injury(4.8%) in order. However, soft tissue injury was the most frequent cause in out-patient, followed by tooth injury(20.5%), toothache(14.3%), socket bleeding(14.2%) and TMJ dislocation(7.6%). 4. In the facial bone injury group, the mandibular fractures(70.6%) showed the highest incidence, followed by zygomatic bone and arch fractures(7.5%), maxillary bone fractures(4.0%) and nasal bone fractures(4.0%). 5. In the mandibular bone fracture, the most common location was symphysis(36.7%), followed by the mandibular angles(33.1%) and the condyles(21.8%) 6. The common causes of facial bone fractures were violence, fall and traffic accident in order. 7. The common causes of soft tissue injury were fall down, fight and traffic accident in order and the highest incidence was observed in infants before the age of 10 years(44.0%). 8. In the group of tooth injury, tooth luxation(38.5%) showed the highest incidence followed by tooth fracture(33.2%) and tooth loss(17.1%). The common causes of tooth injury were fall, fight and traffic accident in order. 9. In infected patients group, the ratio of in-patients to out-patients was 1 : 1.28, Buccal(24,7%) and infraorbital space abscess(23.3%) showed the highest incidence. 10. The pain caused by dental caries(39.0%) and pericoronitis(26.6%) showed high incidence in the toothache group. 11. The high incidence was observed during third(34.0%) and fourth (24.5%) decades in TMJ dislocation group. 12. In the group of socket bleeding patients, 92% was post-operative hemorrhage and 8% was accompanied with other systemic hemorrhagic diseases.

보건관리 대행사업 평가도구의 타당성, 신뢰도 및 인과관계 검증에 관한 연구

박정일,조병희,구정완,김광종,김현욱,원종욱,이명숙,정문희 가톨릭대학교 산업의학센터 2001 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.40 No.1

In order to verify the validity, reliability and relativeness of preliminary evaluation tool for the group occupational health services(GOHS), a questionnaire survey for doctors, nurses and hygienists of 18 GOSH institutions, and employers, health managers and employees of 340 enterprises was conducted. A factor analysis and correlation test for the statistical validity of the variables in the evaluation tool, a Chronbach's Alpha value for the reliability in the evaluation indices and a regression analysis for the relations of the evaluation model were performed. The results were as follows: 1.In factor analysis, thirty-three variables among 43 variables were selected as significant variables, ie 9 out of 11 for input index, 11 out of 14 for throughout index and 13 out of 18 for out put index. 2.Three evaluation(outcome) scales(evaluation by employer, health manager and employee) which composed of 16 identical items were used. 3.The Chronbach's Alpha values of input, throughout, out put and outcome indices were 0.5221, 0.5473, 0.7122 and 0.8546 respectively. 4.Regression equations of independent variables on the evaluation scales of employer, health manager and employee were all statistically significant.

알레르기성 비염환자의 원인항원에 대한 임상적 고찰

최종철,정윤영,인승민,이종욱 건양대학교 의과대학 2003 건양의대학술지 Vol.3 No.2

심인성 색전 요인이 없는 뇌경색 환자에서 경식도 심초음파와 Acoustic Quantification을 이용한 대동맥 탄성의 평가

이종민,윤호중,임효영,박지원,김휘열,전희경,문건웅,정욱성,채장성,김재형,최규보,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

전방 십자 인대 파열에서의 반월상 연골판 파열의 양상

강충남,김종오,김동욱,고영도,유재두,최창호 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Injury to associated structures is expected to worsen the prognosis of ACL tears. Meniscal injuries are well known to coexist in knees with both acute and chronic ACL injuries. However, it is not conclusive whether the likelihood of encountering a repairable meniscal lesion diminishes as the time from injury increases. W e reviewed records of 127 patient receiving an arthroscopically assisted stabilizing procedure for an acute and chronic ACL injury incurred while skiing, soccer, traffic accident to associated meniscal injury. All patient had undergone arthroscopic evaluation. We classified acute injury as injury less than 3 months old at time of surgery, and chronic injury as more than 3 months old. Acute injuries were 88 cases and chronic injuries were 39 cases. In 55 ski-related injuries, 41 knees were acute and 14 knees were chronic. Fourteen(34%) meniscal tears were noted in chronic cases. In 42 soccer injuries, 20 knees were acute and 22 knees were chronic. In acute cases, 14(70%) meniscal tears were noted and in chronic cases, 14(64%) meniscal tears were noted. In 30 traffic accident injuries, 27 knees were acute and 3 knees were chronic. In acute cases, 19(70%) meniscal tears were noted and in chronic cases, 2(67%) meniscal tears were noted. There was strong trend of the increased incidence of medial involvement in the non-skiers than in the skiers, In the type of meniscal tear with acute ACL rupture, 33 of 52 meniscal were longitudinal tear, 6 were horizontal tear, 4 were radial tear(only in lateral meniscus) and 9 were complex tear. In the pattern of meniscal tear with chronic ACL rupture, 15 of 37 meniscal were longitudinal tear, 3 were horizontal tear, 1 was radial tear(only in lateral meniscus) and 18 were complex tear(medial meniscus 16, lateral meniscus 2). In the treatment of torn menisci, 29 of 52 meniscal tears were treated by conservative treatment and meniscal repair, 21 meniscal tears were treated by partial menisectomy and 2 meniscal tears were treated by subtotal menisectomy in acute injuries. In chronic injury, 10 of 37 meniscal tears were treated by conservative treatment and meniscal repair, 18 meniscal tears were treated by partial menisectomy and 9 meniscal tears were treated by subtotal menisectomy. There was no total menisectomy. As the time from injury increased, the medial meniscus tears were severe and were more likely to require menisectomy.