Science and Marxism

Kim, Jong Hwa 덕성여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2004 사회과학연구 Vol.10 No.-

Scrutiny라는 계간 저널은 1932년에 창설되었는데, Cambridge 대학의 Leavis 등을 중심으로 지식인들의 토론 광장으로서의 역할을 수행하였다. 이 연구는 Scrutiny가 다른 주제와 관심사를 Scrutiny와 그에 대한 비판론자들(마르크스주의자들)의 관점에서 과학과 Marxism에 대한 명제를 중심으로 점검해 보았다. 과학과 마르크스주의 관계에 대한 주제는 Scrutiny에서 핵심적 과제로 다루어 졌는데, Scrutiny와 마르크스주의자들의 충돌은 그 저널이 마르크스주의에 개입하면서 시발되었고, 마르크스주의자들은 Scrutiny를 역사적·이념적 궤도 속으로 몰아넣으면서 비판하였다. 마르크스주의자들은 특히 Scrutiny의 정치적 요소 고려에 대한 소홀함이 여러 측면에서 불균형적 논리전개를 표출하고 현실성을 간과하였다고 지적하였다. Scrutiny는 문화의 중요성을 강조하면서 본질적으로 生의 질을 순전히 물질적 개념으로 접근하는 공리주의에 반대하는 입장이었다. 즉 Leavis 등 Scrutiny 편집자들은 생의 질을 논하는데 있어서 물질적 측면과 정신적 측면을 포괄적으로 고려하지 않으면 의미가 없다고 주장하였다. 한걸음 더 나아가, Scrutiny가 중시하는 문화란 사회변혁과 산업화로 파괴된다고 봄으로써 분명히 과학과 실용주의적 요소를 결여하게 되었고 결과적으로는 마르크스주의자들의 Scrutiny에 대한 비판도 여기에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 생각건대 Scrutiny의 정치·사회적 문제에 대한 문화적·도덕적 관행설정으로 Scrutiny가 문화적 엘리트주의에 빠져 문화적 편중접근이라는 비난을 면하기 어렵지만, 도덕적 기준에서 보면 깊이 있게 과학과 마르크스주의를 통찰한 점은 높이 평가 되어야 할 것으로 보여진다.

해도 정보를 이용한 선박의 최적 항로 생성

김민규(Min-Kyu Kim),김종화(Jong-Hwa Kim),양현(Hyun Yang) 한국항해항만학회 2022 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

Min-Kyu Kim*․Jong-Hwa Kim**․†최근 자율 운항 선박에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 특히, MUNIN (Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks) 프로젝트를 계기로 자율 운항 선박에 대한 개발과 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 또한 국제해사기구 IMO는 자율 운항 선박 시대에대응하기 위해 자율 선박을 MASS (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship)라 정의하고 선박 자율화 정도에 따라 4단계 등급을 제시하고 있다. 완전한 자율 운항 선박에 대한 요구조건을 만족하기 위해서는 항로 결정과 제어기술이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 여러 가지 기술 중 선박의최적경로를 생성하는 기법을 다룬다. 기존에 최적항로를 생성하기 위한 방법으로는   , Dijkstra와 같은 알고리즘들이 주로 사용되었다. 그러나 이와 같은 알고리즘은 섬이나 육지에 대한 충돌 회피는 고려하고 있지만 수심 및 연안 선박에 대한 규정들은 고려하지 않고 있어실제로 적용하기에는 한계점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 안전을 위해 선박의 선저 여유 수심과, 해도에 규정되어 있는 선박 운항에 대한여러 규정들을 반영하여 최적 항로를 생성하고자 한다. 최적 항로를 생성하기 위한 알고리즘으로는 강화학습 기반의 Q-learning 알고리즘을적용하였다.

CD34+ 조혈 모세포 이식 2례

김정아,정현식,김원석,윤성수,이홍기,박찬형,박성규,김동욱,이종욱,한치화,민우성,김춘추,김동집 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1996 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Background: In most solid tumors, the CD34 antigen has not been detected, so positive selection of CD34+ cells may reduce tumor cell contamination and the CD34+ cells are capable of reconstituting hematopoiesis. We tried CD34+ cell transplantation in two patients. Method: CD34+ cells from chemotherapy + G-CSF mobilized PBPCs or bone marrow were positively selected with an avidin-biotin immunoadsorption column (CEPRATE SC system). Case 1. One course of chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide(200㎎/㎡) and etoposide (4.2g/㎡), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. was used in a relapsed lymphoma patient. This patient responded to the induction chemotherapy. CD34+ cells from harvested bone marrow were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. The total number of mononuclear cells loaded onto the CellPro was 2.4×10^(8)/㎏, with 1.1% CD34+ cells. After column separation, the total number of positively selected cells was 5.16×10^(6)/㎏. The number of CFU-GM was 76.8×10⁴/㎏. This patient was treated with melphalan (140㎎/㎡) and TBI (1200cGy) and the positively selected CD34+ cells were infused. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 19 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 21 days. Case 2. Two courses of mobilizing chemotherapy were given 4 weeks apart using taxol(210㎎/m2) and adriamycin(60㎎/m2), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. in a breast cancer patients with 7 axillary node metastasis. CD34+ cells from each single leukapheresis product were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. In the first collection, the total number of nucleated cells was 4.4×10^(8)/kg, with 0.42% CD34+ cells. In the second collection, the total number of nucleated cell was 2.8× 10^(8)/㎏ with 0.43% CD34+ cells. After colum separation, the total numbers of collected cells were 4.0×106/kg and 4.8×10^(6)/kg, the total number of CD34+ cells were 1.2×10^(6)/㎏ and 0.82×10^(6)/㎏. Colonogenic assays of positively selected CD34+ cells gave rise to myeloid erythroid, and multilineage colonies, with a median of 190 CFU-GM, 190 BFU-E, and 164 CFU-GEMM per 1×10³ adsorbed cells, respectively. High-dose chemotherapy with cumulative doses of 40mg/㎡ mitoxantrone, 750mg/㎡ thioptepa, and 1000mg/㎡ carboplatin was administered. Positively selected CD34+ cells were rapidly infused 24 hours after the end of high-dose chemotherapy. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 16 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 20 days.

Failure with Strain Localization of Aluminum Alloy 7075 Sheets at Elevated Temperature and its Application to Two-Step Hybrid Forming

Jong‑Hwa Hong,Hyunki Kim,Wonjae Kim,Yong‑Nam Kwon,Daeyong Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.4

In this work, the onset of failure induced by severe strain at elevated temperature was numerically estimated with crossformedempirical hardening law describing material softening. The hardening law can replicate the rate-sensitive behaviorof aluminum alloy 7075 sheets (thickness of 2.0 mm) with initial hardening and progressive material deterioration causedby dynamic recrystallization, dynamic recovery, and micro-void development. The characterized material was applied to thetwo-step hybrid forming process consisting of a drawing at 400 °C followed by a pneumatic forming at 470 °C to produce ashock absorber housing with an extremely complex shape. The user-defined subroutine codes, VUMAT (ABAQUS/Explicit)and UMAT (ABAQUS/Standard), were sequentially utilized for the drawing and the pneumatic forming, respectively. Theidentified hardening parameters based on uniaxial tensile tests were validated by simulating the two-step hybrid formingprocess and compared with the conventional Voce type law (converging function) and the combined Swift-Voce type law(ever-increasing function) since they play a key role in accurately predicting the onset of failure induced by severe strainlocalization. Finally, simulation results are reasonably well matched with experiments in terms of the moment of failureoccurrence, failure location, final blank shape, and thickness distribution.

삼중시기 나선형 CT를 이용한 간경변증 환자에서의 결절성 간세포암의 조영증강양상

김영화,윤종필,김형환,이상진,이혜경,김일영,장유진 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

We evaluated the contrast enhancement pattern of nodular hepatocelluar carcinoma in liver cirrhosis patients by using three phase spiral CT. We anlayzed 34 nodular hepatocelluar carcinonmas in 11 patients with liver cirrhosis. Three phase spiral CT were obtained at 30(arterial phase), 60(portal phase), 180seconds(delayed phase) after initiation of contrast injection in the rate of 3ml/sec. Nodules are classified according to size, as group A(below 1cm, n=11), group B(1 - 3cm, n=15), group C(above 3cm, n=8). Enhancement pattern of the nodule was analyzed comparing to normal liver parenchyme in each phase., as total high, central high, peripheral high, iso, low, mixed density. We also analyzed the detection rate of the nodules. As a whole the nodules show high density in arterial phase(76%), high density in portal phase(47%) and low density in delayed phase(56%). In group A, the nodules show high(100%) in arterial phase, iso(54%) or high (46%) in portal phase, iso(82%) in delayed phase. In group B, the nodules show high(100%) in arterial phase, high(74%) in portal phase, mixed (60%) in delayed phase. In group C, the nodules show mixed density in all three phase. The most common enhancement pattern in each group was high(arterial phase) - iso(portal phase) - low (delayed phase) in group A(6/11, 54%), high - high - low in group B (5/15, 33%), mixed - mixed - mixed in group C(5/8, 63%). The detection rate of the nodule was highest in arterial phase, and the usefulness of arterial phase comparing to portal or delayed phase was higher in smaller size. In conclusion, hepatocelluar carcinomas show different enhancement pattern according to the size on three phase spiral CT, and this may be helpful in diagnosis of them.

산화막중의 캐리어의 거동을 고려한 MOS diode의 등가회로

김종화 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 1991 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

This paper was proposed the equivalent circuit of MOS diode which reflects on carrier moible on oxide film. Consequently, I think that this equivalent circuit can explained the impedence characteristics of MOS diode at almost frequency region.

乳牛에서 驅蟲效果가 泌乳量과 乳脂率에 미치는 效果에 관한 觀察

金泰鍾,李元暢,尹和重,金世寧 건국대학교 1995 學術誌 Vol.39 No.2

The purpose of this study was make an observation on effects of anthelmintics such as Albendazole, Ivomec-F and Nilzan for amount of milk production and milk fat levels before and after administration on Nematoda, Trematoda and Cestoda in helminths infestated from 218 heads of dairy cattle in Gyongi province. The results are summerizied as follows : Infestation and distribution rate in percent of helminths among the collected fecal samples from dairy cattle are Bunostomum species(spp.) 1.3%, Strongyloides spp. 4.5%, Tricostrongylus spp. 0.8%, Ostertagia spp. 7.3%, Cooperia spp. 4.7%, Nematodrius spp. 1.6%, Haemonchus spp. 5.7% and Oesphagostumum spp. 6.5% in Nematoda, and that of Eurytrema app. 2.1%, Fascioloa spp. 11.8% and Pharamphistomum spp. 51.3% in Trematoda, and that of Moniezia spp. in Cestoda, respectively. After administration for three kinds of anthelminthics infestated dairy cattle, high level of efficacy were confirmed against Nematodes and Cestodes. The average values tend to be incresed amount of milk production and its fat levels after anthelmintics administration on helminths infestated dairy cattle were 1.8 kg and 0.14 % per daily, respectively (p<0.01). Key word : Infestation of helminths in dairy cattle, Effects of milk products.

객체 지향 제품데이터 관리시스템의 동적 모델링

김종화,박우근 건국대학교 산업기술연구원 2000 건국기술연구논문지 Vol.25 No.-

As the number of product variants in a company increases and the life cycles of those products decrease, an efficient management of product data has become an important issue. To cope with these situation effectively, the object-oriented approaches have been applied as an alternative to the traditional approaches. In this paper, conceptual modeling of an object-oriented product data management system is suggested by applying Rumbaugh's Object-Modeling Technique. In modeling the system, we focus on the dynamic modeling for the efficient management of frequent changes in engineering data and functional modeling to represent data flow between the objects identified.

원적외선 광조사에 의한 도핑되지 않은 반절연성 GaAs의 광전류 전이와 열자극 전류

김화민,박승환,김종재,고석중,최병두 대구효성가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 1994 基礎科學硏究論集 Vol.1994 No.1

도핑되지 않은 반절연성 GaAs의 광전류 급냉과 열적 회복효과를 조사하기 위하여, 성장 방법이 다른 두개의 반절연성 GaAs시료에 대해 원적외선 영역(hv≤1.12eV)의 광조사에 의한 열자극 전류(TSC)스펙트럼들이 측정되었다. LEC방법에 의하여 성장된 As가 풍부한 반절연성 GaAs시료에 대한 50K에서의 광전류의 급냉 과정은 두 단계로 대별된다. 광전류 값이 최소가 되는 시간으로 전이시간 t_T를 정의할 때, (1) IR 광조사 시간 t<t_T이면, EL2(기저상태)→EL2^*(준안정상태) 전이에 의하여 광전류가 감소하고, (2)t>t_T이면, persistent photocurrent (PPC)효과에 의하여 광전류는 다시 증가하였다. 이러한 차이는 성장 방법과 조성비에 따른 잔류불순물의 농도가 광전류 변화에 영향을 준 때문으로 판단된다. 한편, 광조사 시간에 따른 TSC 피크들의 급냉과 급냉된 피크들의 열적 회복에 대한 온도 의존성은 EL2의 기저상태와 준안정 상태 간의 전이 또는 열적 회복과정과 거의 일치하였다. 따라서, 광전류의 급냉 전과 후에 각각 다른 형태로 관측되는 TSC스펙트럼 구조는 EL2 또는 EL2^*와 직접적인 관련을 갖는 트랩들의 분포에 의해 결정되고, 이 트랩들은 EL2-점결함 또는 EL2-잔류불순물로 형성된 complex에 의한 것으로 추론되었다. To study the photoquenching and thermal recovery effects in undoped semi- insulating (Sl) GaAs,the thermally stimulated current (TSCI) spectra, by illuminating infrared light (hv≤ 1.12 eV), are measured with two different Sl-GaAs samples, grown by the liquid-encapsulated Czochraski (LEC) and the horizontal bridgeman (HB) methods. In the As-riched Sl-GaAs sample by LEC method, the photo-current (I_ph) quenching process at 50 K consists of the following two stages: (1) quenching of I_ph due to the transition EL2→EL2^* before a transition time t_T and (2) enhancement of I_ph due to persistent photocurrent (PPC) after t_T, where t_T is defined as the time in which I_ph becomes minimum. However, neither re-enhancement of I_ph nor PPC are observed in the Sl-GaAs sample by HB method. This distinction results from the difference on the concentration of residual impurities, dependent on the growing method and composition rate, in the above two samples. The illumination time dependence of the quenching of TSC peaks and the temperature dependence of their thermal recovery are nearly fitted into those of the ground-to-metastable-state transition or thermal recovery process of EL2. Asa result, it is inferred that the TSC spectral structure, showing different feature before and after IR-quenching, is determined by the distribution of traps associated directly with EL2 or EL2^* and the traps are originated from a complex of EL2-point defect or EL2-residual impurities.

2005학년도 신입생 실태조사

김두화,박종필,박정환 濟州大學校 職業能力開發院 2006 學生生活硏究 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of the survey is to collect basic data on freshmen in 2005 and to understand students' general matters for make substantial measures on academic affairs in our university, For the purpose of the study, the researcher composed a questionnaire(on students' current conditions, values, university life etc) based on earlier surveys and distributed and collected during the orientation period of . 1802 students are answered the questionnaire and the results of the survey suggest that : 1. It needs to increase the opportunities to take career guidance and counseling. When asked main concerns, most students answered that their main concern or interest is 'getting a job' or 'entering a school of higher grade' Also they answered that the reason to enter the university is to find more prospective Job and want to take coundeling service on 'getting a job' or 'entering a school of higher grade'. Thus, to meet their needs, it needs to increase the opportunity to take psychological test, career guidance and counseling with close cooperation with other related university offices. 2. It needs to increase the opportunities of oversea training for students. Most of the students had a positive image on the oversea training and these experience is directly related with students' competitiveness in job markets. Thus, it needs to take supportive steps to collect sufficient fund for the oversea training. 3. It needs to support students who want to be a public official or teacher. Most of the students preferred to be a public officer or teachers, so that the university should take some measures to support these students. 4. The current strategy for university advertisement should be reappraised. Cheju National University holds several expositions for highschool graduates to advertise the university, but it revealed that these expositions are not effective because many students replied that they found useful information through university's homepage, highschool teachers. Thus, the university should change current strategy based on exposition for highschool students and make more effective plans for advertising departments and the university. 5. The university should take some measures to increase students' pride which is related to the university. 52.8% of the students replied that they are proud of the university, but 43.4% of the students replied that they are not. Finally, the university collect data only from freshmen, and results from these data analysis have some limitation to understand all students in the university. Thus, to get more accurate information and to make more effective decision making, the survey should extended to all students in the university.