Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

五倍子가 Alloxan에 의한 實驗的 糖尿病 마우스의 膵臟 glucokinase 및 hexokinase活性에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

정지천,김철호,최형일 東國大學校 1998 東國論叢 Vol.37 No.-

Glucokinase와 hexokinase는 간과 췌장에서 인슐린에 의해 혈당이용을 증대시키며 혈당농도를 감지하여 인슐린 분비를 조절하는 효소로서 인슐린비의존성당뇨병(NIDDM)의 병인과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, alloxan은 glucokinase의 활성부위에 존재하는 -SH기와 경쟁적으로 결합하여 효소활성을 저해함으로서 당뇨병을 유도한다. 본 연구에서는 당뇨병치료의 전통한방약재로서 사용되고 있는 五倍子추출물의 효과를 해명하기 위하여 alloxan유발 실험적 당뇨마우스의 glucokinase와 hexokinase의 활성을 검토한 겨과, alloxan주사에 의해 체중과 공복시의 glucose 및 insulin 분비가 증가되었으나, 五倍子투여로 공복시의 insulin분비가 감소하였으며 체중과 공복시의 혈당은 유의성은 없었으나 대조군에 비하여 감소하였다. 그러나, 혈당수치가 정상군에 비하여 현저하게 증가되었으나 五倍子투여로 현저히 감소하였으며 Insulin치의 상승과 분비지연도 五倍子투여군에서는 정상군과 유사한 경향을 보였다. 한편, 혈중glucokinase와 hexokinase의 활성은 alloxan주사에 의해 현저히 감소되었으나, 五倍子 투여로 유의성 있게 상승되었다. 이상의 결과로, 五倍子는 alloxan으로 유발된 실험적 당뇨병에서 포도당인 산화 효소인 glucokinase와 hexokinase의 활성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타나 당뇨병의 치료에 임상적인 효과가 있음을 시사하였다. The in vivo effect of an aquous extract from Rhois Galla (R-G) on glucokinase and hexokinase activities has been examined in mice having diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan, which specifically bind to -SH group of the enzymes and inhibits the enzyme activities. After 1 week of alloxan injection, the levels of serum glucose and insulin secretion were dramatically increase, however, the insulin secretion was decreased with administration of R-G in alloxan-treated mice. Alloxan injection allowed the serum glucose level increased and the level was decreased by R-G administration. Furthermore, it has been observed that R-G was effective in recovering the levels of insulin secretion in the alloxan-treated diabetic mice. Enzyme activities of the glucokinase and hexokinase were decreased by alloxan treatment. In contrast, R-G administration to the mice allowed proportional increasing. These results strongly suggested that R-G is highly effective in treatment of diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan.

조선시대 기근과 정부의 대책

정형지 이화사학연구소 2003 梨花史學硏究 Vol.0 No.30

This study is concerned with the famine relief policies in the Chosun Dinasty. The natural disasters and consequent famine occurred more often in the late Chosen Dinasty than early in the Chosun Dinasty, and they were serious enough to stir the foundation of the state in pre-industrial agricultural stage. Under this situation, the poorest people suffered from the extreme hunger. They could not reap any kind of grains from the field and there was nothing left to eat in their storerooms. And because there was no other means of living, they were enforced to leave their hometown and live as beggars, sometimes plunderring the rich and even killing people to eat body. The Government had to take some special actions for the suffering people and the Famine Relief Policies were a kind of the emergency measures planned as a part of necessary measures required to stablize the governing system of the State. Therefore, the Famine Relief Polices were one of the most important governing strategies in the pc-industrialized oriental society which emphasized agriculture as the foundation of national economy. The State exerted their energies to relieve the people suffering from starvation by providing grains and publishing books about the way of overcoming famine. The Relief Provisions were the result of that efforts. The Famine Relief Policies helped the suffering people to survive the starvation through the long winter and to come back to their normal lives in the not spring The policies had got more and more reinforced since the end of the 17th century until the 18th century. The Government had put enormous energies for the establishment of the system of the relief policies and provisions saving for emergency. In consequence, a considerable quantity of emergency provisions was able to be secured and distribution of provisions without compensation became the key point the famine relief policies. The conversion of policy into this kind of a positive action was possible on the foundation of the social and economic change of those times. But to say more fundamentally, it was the result of the will of consolidating ruling power over the subjects of the contemporary Government who tried to strengthen the centralization of power through establishing powerful royal authority.

신귀조(申龜朝)『일기』를 통해 본 조선후기 당하 관원의 정치적 성장과 관직활동

정형지 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 2007 한국문화연구 Vol.12 No.-

국문초록?b본 논문은 신귀조의 일기를 중심으로 그의 정치적 성장과 관직활동을 살펴본 글이다. 벽파계에 속하는 신귀조는 응제 장원으로 대과 급제를 받아정조 16년 승정원 가주서로 본격적인 관료생활을 시작하였다. 집안의 신의와 나이에 대한 배려 덕분에 출륙하여 청요직과 지방관을 거치며 정치감각과 자세, 행정실무 능력을 닦았다. 순조 즉위 후 집권 벽파의 입김으로 도당록에 입록되어 삼사를 오가며 벽파의 반대 세력 제거에 앞장섰고, 현감과 암행어사로 지방현실을 돌아보면서 정치집단으로 다가가기 위한 준비를 하였다. 그러나 지병의악화로 관직활동은 점차 축소되어 순조 4년 완전히 공직활동을 중단하였고, 순조 6년 벽파의 몰락과 함께 동반 침몰하였다. 그의 관직활동의 중심은 언관이었다. 주로 정조에게 올려졌던 그의 간쟁은 벽파세력의 정치권 진입을 위한 반대세력 공략의 성격을 띠며, 관료 규찰과 탄핵은 벽파계의 정치적 활로 모색과 권력기반 다지기 작업의 일환이었다. 벽파계의 정치행보와 연결된 그의 언관 활동은 자신의 정치적 성장을 위한 전제이자 결과였다. 신귀조의 정치적 성장과 관직활동을 통해 볼 때 조선후기 관료의 정치적 성장은 가문과 당색이 결정적 규정요인으로 작용하고 있었음을 알 수 있다. This thesis is about Shin Gwi-Jo’s, a member of the Party of Principlepolitical growth & his activities in government office based on his diary. Hewas granted a pass on the Erudite Examination(文科) as he took the first placein the state examination for students at the National Confucian Academy(成均館應製). He started his career in government office as a temporary junior official inthe Royal Secretariat(承政院). He appointed to a middle level of the junior sixthrank(出六) thanks to his family’s trustfulness and consideration of his old ageand cultivated political sense & developed his abilities of practice ofadministration through important posts in government office(淸要職) & localofficial. After the assession of Sunjo(純祖) he was registered into the record ofDodang(都堂錄) by influence of the Party of Principle and then stood atthe head of elimination of opposition parties in office of Samsa(三司) and heprepared himself for high ranking officials experiencing & checking the realitiesin the provinces as a local magistrate & secret inspector(暗行御史). But hisactivities in government office decreased gradually as the disease got worse andhe completely resigned himself from public life in 1804 and went down to thebottom together with collapse of the Party of Principle in 1806. He performed various kinds of duties but served mostly in office of Samsa(三司). His advices were given mostly to Jeongjo(正祖) with intent to attack theopposition parties in order to secure political power of the Party of Principle. Supervision and impeachment of government officials were a part ofsecuring political ways for the Party of Principle and establishing thefoundation of political power of the Party of PrincipleHis activities as anofficer of Samsa(三司) were directly linked to political movements of the Partyof Principle and this might be prerequisites for his political growth and hemight be able to get political success through this.

미생물을 이용한 염료의 생분해에 관한 연구 : 반응성염료 분해균에 관한 연구 Studies on the Reactive Dye-Degrading Microorganisms

정영건,지원대,정민선,백형진 효성여자대학교 부설 한국환경위생연구소 1994 환경위생연구 Vol.4 No.1

대구시의 염색폐수처리장 폐수 및 처리장 주변의 토양과 물에서 반응성 염료인 Cibacron Brilliant Red 3B-A(CBR), Reactive Orange 16(RO), Reactive Black 5(RB)에 탈색능을 보이는 12종의 균을 분리하고 이들 균 중에서 본 실험에 사용한 CBR, RO, RB5 염료 모두에 약 90% 이상의 높은 탈색율을 나타낸 CBR2균을 선별하였다. 선별된 CBR2균의 특성 및 염료분해특성을 조사하였다. CBR2균은 그람 음성, 무아포, 간균으로 운동성이 있으며, 염농도 5%, 온도 50℃에서도 생육이 가능하였다. CBR2균의 생육 및 염료의 탈색에 미치는 pH의 영향을 조사한 결과, pH 5.0에서 9.0까지 고른 균 성장과 탈색율을 나타내었으며 특히 pH 7.0에서 최고의 균 성장 및 염료 탈색율을 나타내었다. 온도별 균의 생육 및 염료의 탈색율을 조사한 결과 30℃에서 가장 높은 균 성장 및 탈색율을 나타내었다. 산소량에 따른 균의 생육 및 염료의 탈색율을 조사한 결과, 산소량이 많을수록 균의 생육이 좋았으며, 염료의 탈색율에 있어서도 CBR 염료의 경우는 산소량에 비례해서 탈색율이 좋았으나, RO와 RB5 염료의 경우는 산소량이 가장 많은 2ml양의 배양에서 보다 상대적으로 산소량이 적은 4ml양의 배양에서 가장 높은 탈색율을 보였다. Twelve strains, which were exhibited abilities of decolorizationto the reactive dyes, Cibacron Brilliant Red 3B-A(CBR) , Reactive Orange 16(RO) and Reactive Black 5(RB5) , were isolated from the samples of waste waterof the dye textile factories and the samples of soil and water around them. Amongthem one stain, CBR2 was selected because of the higest decolorization rateto the reactive dyes, CBR, RO and RB5 with more than 90% of decolorizationrate. The characteristics of reactive dye-degrading microorganism CBR2 andits decolorization abilities to reactive dyes were investigated. This CBR2 wasGram negative and non-spore forming rod. This organism has motility and ispossible to grow even in 5% of sodium chloride solution and at such temperatueof 50℃ In the pH 5.0 to 9.0, growth rate of the isolate and decolorizationrate to reactive dyes by CBR2 were exhibited almost similar rates. However,among those pH of media the most growth and decolorization rates were appearedat pH 7.0. On the temperature effects to growth rates of CBR2 and decolorizationrate by this organism, the most growth and decolorization rates were at tempera-ture of 30℃. More oxygen volumes in test tubes enhanced generally the growthrate of this organism. However, the decolorization rate of CBR dye by CBR2was higher according to oxygen volume increased in the media but the decoloriza-tion rates of RO and RB5 dyes in 2m1 volume of culture media were rather decrea-sed than that of 4ml volume of culture media where oxygen volume is lowerthan that of 2ml volum of culture media.

정신과를 방문하는 환자의 통증호소의 빈도 및 특성

송지영,박진철,박종학,오동재,손형석,정근재 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: 정신과 방문 환자에서 통증 호소는 적지 않을 것이라고 알려져 있으나 국내에서 정신과 외래 환자의 통증 관련 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 정신과 외래에 오는 환자들에서 통증의 빈도와 특성을 1,2,3차 의료기관에서 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 1차 의료기관(개인정신과의원) 외래환자 298명, 2차 의료기관(종합병원) 정신과 외래환자 99명, 3차 의료기관(대학병원) 정신과 외래환자 446명으로 총 843명의 성인 남녀를 대상으로 이들이 정신과에 방문했을 당시의 통증 여부와 조사 당시의 통증 유무 및 현재 통증의 정도를 평가하였다. 그리고 기질적 원인의 여부, 만성 통증의 여부, 통증의 부위, 통증 악화 요인, 보상문제의 유무, 약물 투여 내용 등을 조사하였다. 결 과: 1) 전체 대상자 843명 중 통증이 동반되었던 환자의 비율은 41.3%였으며, 기관별로 보면 개인의원 44.9%, 종합병원 44.5%, 대학병원 38.1%였다. 2) 조사 당시에 통증을 갖고 있는 경우는 3개 기관에서 평균 24.1%였다. 통증의 정도는 VAS상 평균 46.7㎜였으며 개인의원에서 대학병원에 비해 의미있게 그 정도가 심했다. 또한 `강하다` 이상의 통증 정도를 호소한 경우는 34.0%, `괴롭다` 이상의 불쾌정도를 표현한 경우는 26.2%였다. 3) 통증이 있었던 환자 중 기질성이 뚜렷한 경우는 적었으며(1.5∼5.9%), 통증의 부위는 머리가 50.9%로 가장 많았다. 통증의 지속기간은 6개월 이상인 만성통증의 경우가 68.7%를 차지했다. 4) 주요 약물로는 항불안제가 41.4%로 가장 많이 사용되고 있었으며, 통증과 관련하여 진통제를 처방받는 환자는 3.2%에 불과하였다. 결 론: 정신과 외래를 방문하는 환자들의 통증의 특성은 의료기관에 따라 인구통계학적 차이 뿐만 아니라 진단분포도 다르므로 3기관을 직접 비교하기에는 무리가 있으나, 본 연구 조사 결과 정신과 외래를 방문하는 환자들 중에서 40% 이상이 통증을 경험하고 있으며 2/3이상은 만성 통증이라 할 수 있었다. 이들은 중등도 이상의 통증을 갖고 있으며 당장 통증을 해결해 주어야 할 숫자도 적지 않았다. 따라서 정신과 환자의 통증에 대한 평가와 관리가 앞으로 더욱 강조되어야 할 필요가 있다고 사료된다. Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate the frequency and clinical characteristics of pain among the psychiatric out-patients in three clinics. Methods: A Total of 843 psychiatric adult out-patients(298 subjects from a private clinic, 99 subjects from a general hospital, 446 subjects from a university hospital) were assessed for the presence of pain during OPD follow-up and at the time assessed. And, the presence of organic causes, duration and site of pain, aggravating factors, compensation problems, and prescribed drugs were also investigated. Results: 1) The frequency of pain among psychiatric out-patients was overall 41.3%(44.9% in private clinic, 44.5% in general hospital, and 38.1% in university hospital, respectively). 2) The frequency of pain at the time assessed was 24.1%. In severity of pain, the average of VAS was 46.7±18.0㎜. Patients of private clinic showed more severe pain than that of general hospital. Moreover, patients who experienced over `marked` occupied 34.0% and pain as over `distressed` occupied 26.2%. 3) Only a few subjects had the definite organic causes(1.5-5.9%). The most common site of pain was on head. The patients having a pain over 6 months(i.e. chronic pain) occupied 68.7%. 4) The most common drugs prescribed were anxiolytics; 41.4% of patients were prescribed. The analgesics were prescribed only in 3.2% of patients. Conclusion: This result revealed that more than 40% of patients experienced pain in psychiatric OPD and two third of patients were suffered from chronic pain. Therefore, the evaluation and management of pain should be more emphasized.

중년 여성에서 발생한 집합관 신세포암 1 예

황인성;정재현;유지형;성락희;노충희;정재용;김현정 인제대학교 2011 仁濟醫學 Vol.32 No.-

Collecting duct renal cell carcinoma (CDRCC) or Bellini duct carcinoma is a rare type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for 0.4% to 1.8% of all RCC. CDRCC is considered to originate from the collecting duct of the kidney and it has a poor prognosis. However, the clinical features of CDRCC remain poorly understood, mainly because only studies with a small series or case reports have been published to date. We experienced a case of CDRCC of kidney.

심인성 색전 요인이 없는 뇌경색 환자에서 경식도 심초음파와 Acoustic Quantification을 이용한 대동맥 탄성의 평가

이종민,윤호중,임효영,박지원,김휘열,전희경,문건웅,정욱성,채장성,김재형,최규보,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

저작근에 전이된 신세포암 1예

정재현;황인성;유지형;성락희;노충희;정재용 인제대학교 2011 仁濟醫學 Vol.32 No.-

Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common neoplasia of the genitourinary tract. Its most common type, representing 60% of the cases, is the clear cell carcinoma, with an incidence peak between 50 and 70 years. Metastases are present at the time of diagnosis in approximately 30% of the patients, the major sites being lungs, bones, skin, liver, and brain. But distant metastasis of malignant neoplasm to the masseter muscle is extremely rare. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasizing to the masseter muscle.

Effect of intraperitoneal CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration on postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Ji Won Chung,Kyu Sik Kang,Sang Hyun Park,Chun Sook Kim,Jin Hun Chung,Sie Hyeon Yoo,Nan Seol Kim,Yong Han Seo,Ho Soon Jung,Hea Rim Chun,Hyung Youn Gong,Hae Il Jung,Sang Ho Bae,Su Yeon Park 대한외과학회 2017 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.93 No.4

Purpose: This study set out to identify the association between the intraperitoneal CO2 concentrations and postoperative pain by dividing the participants into a control group and 2 experimental groups receiving irrigation (1 L and 2 L), and directly measuring their intraperitoneal CO2 concentrations with a CO2 gas detector. Methods: A total of 101 patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification I and II patients aged 18–65 years were enrolled in the study. Group 1 did not receive irrigation with normal saline, while groups 2 and 3 were administered irrigation with 1 L and 2 L of normal saline, respectively, after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Intraperitoneal CO2 concentrations were measured with a CO2 gas detector through the port, and postoperative pain was assessed on a visual analogue scale at 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery. Results: The intraperitoneal CO2 concentrations were 1,016.0 ± 960.3 ppm in group 1, 524.5 ± 383.2 ppm in group 2, and 362.2 ± 293.6 ppm in group 3, showing significantly lower concentrations in groups 2 and 3. Postoperative pain was significantly lower in group 3 at 6 hours after surgery, and in groups 2 and 3 at 12 hours after the surgery. However, there was no significant difference between the 3 groups in postoperative pain 24 hours after the surgery. Conclusion: This study found a causal relationship between the amount of normal saline used for irrigation and the intraperitoneal CO2 concentrations in that irrigation with normal saline reduces pain on the day of the surgery.