프리캐스트 포스트텐션 콘크리트 넓은 보-기둥 내부 접합부의 비탄성 거동

황재환,최윤철,김영찬,김대중,임재형,권기혁,문정호,이리형 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the response of Precast Prestressed Concrete Interior Wide Beam-Column Joint subjected to cyclic lateral loading. To this end, the experimental investigation was performed with six half-scale specimens of interior connection. The design parameters are the beam to column depth ratio, and the number of tendons within column core. One of the specimens, IJH-6, is modeled for the connection at the top floor of a structure. The test results showed that the specimens sufficiently resist up to limiting drift ratio of 0.035 in accordance with the provisional standard by ACI of acceptance criteria for concrete special moment frames.

토끼에서 Etofenprox와 Spinosad 합제의 국소자극성 시험

황윤환,김명석,송인배,박병권,양승호,임용현,송치용,안성한,남현수,임정교,정상일,명노일,윤효인 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2008 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.1

This study was performed to evaluation the skin and eye irritation of etofenprox 8% and spinosad 4% combination in male New Zealand White rabbits. In skin irritation test, the combination of etofenprox and spinosad did not showed any change of body weight but caused slight skin irritation with the P.I.I. (primary irritation index) value 0.25. The etofenprox and spinosad combination showed severe eye irritation 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after ocular treatment, having the A.O.I. (acute ocular irritation) value of 37.3. Therefore, these result indicated that the combination of etofenprox and spinosad might be irritant formulation on eye and skin.

흰쥐에서의 카르복시메칠셀룰로오스나트륨과 겔란검 혼합겔의 유착방지 효과

권윤환,이시범,이정권,박용덕,박정숙,황성주 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.6

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of a mixed gel formulation composed of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and gellan gum (Na-CMC gel) for the prevention of adhesions after laminectomv. The anti-adhesive effect of the Na-CMC gel was tested in a controlled randomized study using an animal model of lumbar laminectomv. The animals (60 female Sprague-Dawlev rats) were randomly allocated into two treatment groups to receive the Na-CMC gel on the injured area or no gel (control). The incidence of adhesions and their grade were blindly evaluated at 4. 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. The amount of scar tissue and tenacity were grossly reduced by the Na-CMC gel at postoperative 4. 8. and 12 weeks. The mean adhesion scores were 0.75. 125. and 1.38 at 4. 8. and 12 weeks in the gel-treated group. respectively. No significant inflammatory reaction was observed and the healing of wound was not affected by the Na-CMC gel. The Na-CMC gel reduced the amount of scar formation and tenacity in rat laminectomv model without affecting the healing of operation wound and other complications. Therefore. the Na-CMC gel may be the potential to prevent postsurgical adhesions in clinical state.

제조업 산업장의 유기용제 노출에 관한 연구

문덕환,김정하,김필자,박명희,황용식,이채관,이창희 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Objective : For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and health promotion and control program on organic solvents in air of manufacturing industry. Methods : The author surveyed number of organic solvent components which was used in working site and also determined the organic solvents concentration in air of 927 manufacturing industries and 1,267 working process with gas chromatography(NIOSH manual) for five years from 1995 to 1999. Results : Mean numbers of solvents components by type of industry, working process was number of 12. There were exceeded to TLV of 1,2-dichloroethane in textile manufacturing industry N,N-dimethyl furan in tanning and dressing of leather ; luggage, handbags, saddlery, harness and footwear manufacturing industry and chemical and chemical product manufacturing industry by type of industry. There were exceeded to TLV of 1,2-dichloroethane in handwriting and drawing process, cellosolove in adhesive spreading process, N,N-dimethly furan in production of solvent process and adhesion process by working process. Total exceeded rate to threshold limit values of organic solvents mixture were 12.9% for EI(Exposure index) and 10.0% for Em(Estimation of mixture) by type of industry, 11.3% for EI and 8.2% for Em by type of working process. The highest exceed rate was 36.7% for EI in tanning and dressing of leather ; luggage handbags, saddlery, harness and footwear manufacturing industry and 29.0% for Em in textile manufacturing industry. the highest exceeded rate was 23.1% for EI and 12.5% for Em in adhesive spreading process by working process. Mean values of total subjects by type of industry and type of working process were 0.7±1.8 for EI and 0.7±1.7 for Em respectively. Conclusions : As above results, the author suggest that it makes the environmental control program on 1.2-dichloro-ethane, N,N-dimethyl furan, cellosolve by kind of organic solvent and on textile manufacturing industry, tanning and dressing of leather ; luggage, handbags, saddlery harness and footwear manufacturing industry by type of industry, and on handwriting, drawing process and adhesive spreading process and adhesion process by type of working process.

셀레콕시브 및 그 합성유도체들의 항암활성 스크리닝

박정란,강진형,구효정,노지영,류형철,박상욱,고동현,조일환,이주영,황다니엘,김인경 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.2

Selective COX (cyclooxygenase)-2 inhibitors including celecoxib have been shown to induce apoptosis and cell cycle changes in various tumor cells. New inhibitors are recently being developed as chemomodulating agents. We evaluated celecoxib and screened 150 synthetic compounds for anti-proliferative activities in vitro. Effects of celecoxib on COX activity, cell growth, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis induction were determined in A549 COX-2 overexpressing human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. The COX inhibition of celecoxib increased with concentration up to 82% at 1μM after 24 hr exposure. Forty μM and 50μM of celecoxib induce G_1 arrest, and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, respectively. Among 150 compounds, several compounds were selected for having greater COX-2 inhibitory activity and higher selectivity than celecoxib with growth inhibitory activity. Celecoxib showed concentration-dependent COX inhibitory activity, and ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human NSCLC cells in vitro. Among synthetic analogues screened, several compounds showed promising in vitro activity as COX-2 inhibitory anticancer agents, which warrant further evaluation in vitro and in vivo.

인공 치아우식 발생 모델에서 디지털 방사선 공제술을 이용한 인접면 치아우식증의 진단

박정훈,최용석,황의환,이기자,최삼진,박영호,김경숙,진현석,홍경원,오범석,박헌국 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of the experiment was to evaluating the diagnostic ability of dental caries detection using digital subtraction in the artificial caries activity model. Materials and Methods : Digital radiographies of five teeth with 8 proximal surfaces were obtained by CCD sensor (Kodak RVG 6100 using a size #2). The digital radiographic images and subtraction images from artificial proximal caries were examined and interpreted. In this study, we proposed novel caries detection method which could diagnose the dental proximal caries from single digital radiographic image. Results : In artificial caries activity model, the range of lesional depth was 572-1,374 μm and the range of lesional area was 36.95-138.52mm². The lesional depth and the area were significantly increased with demineralization time (p<0.001). Furthermore, the proximal caries detection using digital subtraction radiography showed high detection rate compared to the proximal caries examination using simple digital radiograph. Conclusion : The results demonstrated that the digital subtraction radiography from single radiographic image of artificial caries was highly efficient in the detection of dental caries compared to the data from simple digital radiograph.

Gas-Liquid Chromatography를 이용한 사과 및 배 중의 농약 다성분 잔류분석법

박주황,김택겸,오창환,김정한,이영득,김장억 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.3

사과 및 배 시료에서 농약 다성분의 gas chromatography를 이용한 잔류분석법 확립을 위하여 199가지의 농약를 선정 하여 retention time 및 검출기에 따라 ECD 5 그룹 및 NPD 5 그룹의 10개 그룹으로 분류하였다. 시료의 종류에 따른 분석조건을 확립하기 위한 회수율 시험은 농약들의 log P_(ow) 값과 화학적 분류에 따라 총 18개 (ECD 11개, NPD 7개)의 농약을 선정하였다. 예비실험 후 확립된 분석방법에 따라 10개 그룹의 혼합 표준용액으로 사과 및 배에 대한 회수율시험을 행하였다. 그 결과, 총 196가지의 농약의 70%에 해당하는 사과에서 136개, 배에서 133개의 농약들에서 회수율 70에서 120%의 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. 그러나 사과에서 43개, 배에서 45개의 농약들이 70% 미만의 회수율을 보였고, fenvalerate는 120% 이상의 회수율을 나타내었으며, 사과에서 17개 및 배에서 18개의 농약들은 검출이 되지 않았다. 그러나 확립된 분석법은 SOP에 의한 신속하고 수월한 수행으로 농산물 중의 잔류농약을 검출 및 모니터링하는 목적에 적합하다고 사료된다. A rapid analytical method was developed to determine multiple pesticide residues in apples and pears using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The samples were extracted with water-miscible solvents and purified by cleanup procedures serially comprising liquid-liquid partition and solid-phase extraction (SPE). Each analyte was separated and determined by a high-resolution GLC equipped with electron-capture detector (ECD) and nitrogen-phosphorous detector (NPD). A total of 196 pesticides, which were previously classified into 5 groups each for ECD and NPD based on their retention behaviors on the capillary column and responses to the detector, were subjected to the recovery experiment. In compliance with the analytical criteria, 70 to 120% of recovery and less than 20% relative standard deviation, the proposed method could be successfully applied to analyze 136 and 133 pesticide residues in apples and pears, respectively, which enabled not only rapid screening but quantitation of the residues. Even though less reliability was resulted from unacceptable recovery range, rest of pesticides including 43 and 45 analytes in apples and pears, could be also detected for their identity. The proposed method, failed to cover 17 and 18 pesticides for apples and pears, which mostly showed high polarity or heat-lability but, could be suitable for fast surveilance or monitoring of fruit harvests.

새로운 생물농축 기법에 의한 PAHs의 오염도 확인

박정규,황인영,문성환,정홍배 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

A new passive sampler was developed, improving SPMD (Semipermeable Membrane Devices) that contained triolein in nonporous, low-density polyethylene layflat tubing. Experiments to measure PAHs concentration were carried out at four sites (Dukpo, Sochi, Sohwonggando, Yeonmok) on the southern coast of Korea that were contaminated by oil spills. Passive samplers were deployed at 4 and 8 week intervals at each site. Results showed that bioconcentration levels of PAHs were increased in proportion to exposure duration from all sample sites and accumulation in the passive sampler was much higher than in biota at the Dukpo site. Results of these tests suggest that new passive sampler is a useful tool for measuring bioconcentration organic compounds in aquatic environments.

하천 수질에 대한 36시간 연속 모니터링 기법 연구

박정규,정흥배,문성환,류태권,류제영,황인영 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

1. 금호강물에 대한 상대독성과 수온, 전기전도도의 경우 달서천 내부, 금호강과 달서천의 합류점 하부, 합류점 상부 순으로 값의 크기를 보였고 pH의 경우 역순을 보이므로 달서천이 금호강과 달서천 합류점 하부에 영향을 주는 것으로 사료된다. 2. 금호강 하천수에 대한 Microtox 독성값과 온도, pH, 전기전도도의 상관성은 없었으므로 기존의 일반적인 몇 가지 수질 인자로는 독성변화 및 수준을 판단할 수 없다고 사료된다. 3. 36시간 연속 모니터링을 통해 짧은 시간에도 독성값이 달라지는 것으로 보아 수질의 독성 수준이나 오염 수준을 판단하기 위해서는 연속적인 독성 조사 및 분석이 필요하다고 사료된다. 4. 하천수에 대한 연속 모니터링만으로는 하천 생태 위해도를 평가하기는 어렵다. 따라서, 하천 퇴적물에 대한 특성을 병행하여 조사 분석하는 것이 유해화학물질에 의한 하천 오염을 평가하는 방법이 된다고 사료된다. The main point source of pollution of the Keumho river in Taegu, Korea, stems from waste from the areas of industrial complexes. Although it is widely accepted that pollutants in waste water negatively effects general water quality, it is difficult to evaluate the effluent effect because of varying conditions in ambient water and inconclusive knowledge of causative pollutants. To analyze the water in relation to the industrial effluent in the area, pH, temperature, conductivity, and Microtox toxicity of various river samples were measured. Water samples were collected every 2 hours for 36 hours from Keumho river and Dalseo stream. Data from continuous monitoring for 36 hours showed that effluent in Keumho river originated from Dalseo stream, which is near adjacent to industrial complexes. Change in toxicity and other factors tested during the 36 hours indicated that continuous monitoring was necessary for a satisfactory effluent toxicity test. Furthermore, in addition to water quality monitoring, it was concluded that sediment toxicity also needed to evaluate effluent effects.

광양만 유역 퇴적토 중의 다환방향족탄화수소류

정흥호,정호승,김은영,조환익,황주찬,최상원 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.6

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in sediments of Kwangyang bay on Korea, have been investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (GC/MS). The average content of total PAHs in all samples was 2,211ppb, and the range was from 36 to 22,699pph. The higher concentrations were found in sediment sampled near Kwangyang iron processing plant, Taeindo. The resulting distributions of PAHs according to the number of aromatic ring and molecular ratios of specific aromatic compounds (phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene) have been discussed in terms of sample location, origin of the organic matter. Four, five and six rings of PAHs were mainly found near to Kwangyang iron processing plant, and three and four rings near to Yeosu chemical kombinat. This result typically indicated the local characteristics, depending on the origin of PAHs.