이집트와 튀니지의 가족법 비교 연구

조희선,김효정 明知大學校 人文科學硏究所 2004 인문과학연구논총 Vol.26 No.-

In general, the Islamic world has been considered as one infringing upon the women's rights. In these Islamic countries, however, the customs reflecting the infringement of women's rights such as 'honour crime', polygamy, Hijãb covering over the whole body, the women's circumcision, etc. have been exaggerated or distorted through the orientalism. In fact, it is the family law that mostly effects on the women's rights in the current Islamic world, The some countries pursuing the secular policy such as Turkey have removed the religious laws for the western law system, while the other countries with the Gulf including Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates, and Iran are practicing the conservative laws based on the customs. We should keep in mind that most Islamic countries still follow SarI'ah, the religious Islamic law, as the family law even though their regimes are secularized. In Egypt, for example, although most laws including its regime are secularized, the family law is practiced on the base of the custom of Shari'ah. On the other hand, Tunisia has succeeded in reforming the family law based on the western one, with keeping the Islamic identity. The omparative study on the family law between traditional Egypt and reformative Tunisia will be important in the view that it will be helpful in the positive reformation of the family law in the Islamic countries. this thesis aims at studying whether the women's rights in the Islamic world could be improved through the amendment of the family law. Therefore, we will make a comparative study on the family law between Egypt and Tunisia. First of all, the characteristics of Islamic traditional family laws will be studied. Especially, we will focus on the Hanafi and maliki from which the family laws of Egypt and Tunisia are derived. The family law of Egypt has been based on the Hanafi, while that of Tunisia has been derived from Maliki, so that their current family laws differ after several amendments. Second, the political, social, cultural changes in Egypt and Tunisia will be studied through diachronic studying of the establishment of the each country's family law, and their particular backgrounds in their law's amendments. Third, the specific problems related to the family laws will be searched through making comparative studying the essential contents of the family law between Egypt and Tunisia. In the part of conclusion, we will compare the family laws as a whole in Egypt and Tunisia, whereby we will present the positive direction of family laws in the Islamic countries.

Ranitidine, Sucralfate, Bismuth Subcitrate 복합제의 흰쥐 위궤양에 대한 치료효과

조태순,조광재,주일로,이선미,유영효 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.1

Gastric ulcer disease results when there is an imbalance between aggressive factors(acid secretion) and protective factors(mucosal defence). H_2-receptor antagonists are the most frequently used agents for treatment of gastric ulcer disease. However, use of these products should be determined by potential for adverse effects, drug interactions and cost. Ranitidine, H_2 - receptor antagonist, competitively block the H_Z-receptor on the parietal cell, causing inhibition of gastric acid secretion. Sucralfate and bismuth subcitrate coat ulcer craters and then enhance mucosal defence. Bismuth subcitrate also causes detachment of Helicobacter pylori from the gastric epithelium with subsequent lysis of the bacteria. To estimate effects of the mixture of ranitidine 20mg/kg, bismuth subcitrate 40mg/kg and sucralfate 120mg/kg on aspirin - HCl induced gastric ulcer in rats, gastric ulceration, pH, gastric secretion, free and total acidity, pepsin activity, gastric mucosal hemorrhage were investigated. Results obtained were as follow : 1) The mixture showed remarkable suppression of gastric ulceration, pH, gastric secretion, free and total acidity, pepsin activity, gastric mucosal hemorrhage compared with ranitidine alone. 2) With elapse of time, the mixture showed more increasing inhibitory effects on gastric ulceration, pH, gastric secretion, pepsin activity, gastric mucosal hemorrhage than sucralfate and bismuth subcitrate.

한·일 대학유도선수의 체력 비교연구 : 용인대·동해대 선수를 중심으로

남종선,조효구 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1997 武道硏究所誌 Vol.8 No.2

The main concern of the study was to compare the difference of body composition, physical fitness and motor ability along with individual skills and injuries caused by practice, between maie judo players of Yongin, and ?? Donghae Universities, who represent Korea and Japan. The sample size were 36 males from Yongin university in Korea and 67 from Donghae University in Japan. Questionaire survey was appiled for the investigation, which contained 13 items for the knowledge and attitudes toward Judo, 13 items for body composition, and 11 items for physical fitness and motor ability. The analysis of data yielded the following results. (1) Seoinage was the most favorite individual skill in both schools, however nage was adapted very frequently by 40% of Yongin University players, and 20% of Donghae University players. (2) Among some of the players who were away from practices about 1 month because of injuries, shoulder was the most common part caused injuries with 41%, and elbow the next with 30% in Yongin University, which meanes the mostly upper arm injury, however, 45% on knee and 23% on shoulder in Donghae University. (3) Big difference were not found between the two schools in body composition, however, Donghae University was slightly better in neck, chest upper arm. (4) Donghae University showed better records in muscle strength, grip strength, bench press, and running, but flexibility was higher in Yongin University.

충남 고우 청벽 지역의 암반 사면 안정성 연구

조효영,이동우,김선관 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 自然科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

파괴양상을 예측하는데 있어서 불연속면을 이용하여 신속하고 개략적인 암반 사면의 안정성을 조사하기 위하여 절개면의 방향, 절리면의 방향, 절리면의 전단각을 고려하여 계산하는 입체투영법이 많이 사용되고 있다. 이 연구는 지질학적인 불연속면에 의하여 블록화된 암반의 안정도틀 입체투영기법을 이용, 기하학적으로 분석하여 안정도릍 구하는데 목적이 있다. 청벽 지역은 강변을 따라 노두가 잘 발달하여 있으며 절벽 지역으로 절리 빛 단층의 측정이 그리 용이하지는 않지만 발달 상태가 좋고 사면의 붕괴시 피해가 예상되는 지역이기 때문에 이번 연구대상 지역으로 선정하였다. 이를 위하여 야외조사시 12구역에 대해 구역별로 6개의 대표 절리를 선정하여 입체투영망상에서 1:1로 대응시켜 각각의 암반에 대한 안정도을 구하였다. 그 결과 총 180개의 암괴 중 안정한 암괴는 48종, 불안정한 암괴는 81종,그리고 준안정한 암괴는 51종으로 나타났다. Stereographic projection technique that considers ripping direction, joint direction and joint shear angle is generally used to research the stability of fast and roughly rock mass using geological discontinuities to forecast slope failures. This study is aimed to get the stability of block rock mass as using stereographic projection technique and analyzing geometrically by geological discontinuities. Outcrop is developed along the river well and in cliff area, point and fault can not determined easily but developing state is very well and also calamities can be happened as destroying this area is selected for this study. In field study, after 6 joints in each 12 areas are choosen for representative joints and stereographic projection technique is used to match 1 to 1 the stability of rock mass is calculated. As the result, 48 of 180 rock blocks is stable, 81 is unstable and 51 is semi-stable.

근적외 분광 분석법을 이용한 사향 대체 물질별 우황청심원액의 분류

김선민,우영아,김효진,조창희,조정희 동덕여자대학교 종합약학연구소 2005 동덕약학연구지 Vol.9 No.-

The object of this study is to develop a nondestructive and rapid analytical method to classify WooHwangChongShimWon solution according to the types of musk substitutes such as L-muscone, civet, camphor, etc. Its indications are apoplexy, hypertension, palpitation, convulsions and unconsciousness. Musk was one of major components for WooHwangChongShimWon in the traditional prescription which is secreted by the glands of the male Moschus moschiferus parvipes. Because the use of musk is prohibited for the animal protection by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild Fauna and Flora(CITES), manufacturing companies are using various type of substitutes for musk for musk in the recent. The quality and price of the musk substitutes will be different. However, there have been difficulties to classify of different products from different companies base on the substitutes. In this study, Near infrared spectroscopy was used for the development of classification methods. Seven different samples depending the substitutes from five pharmaceutical companies were used as samples and Near infrared(NIR) transmittance spectra were collected over the region 1100 to 1750nm. Even though spectral features based on the substitutes were not different, NIR spectral data of samples were clearly classified using principal component analysis(PCA). The proper conditions for sample preparation and measurement of spectral data were investigated; sampling preparation such as clear supenatant samples after centrifugation and uniformly suspended samples were compared and the comparison of water and air as reference materials were performed when acquring spectral data. In the PCA, the optima PC numbers were also investigated for classification condition. Overall, NIR transmittance spectroscopy using PCA was shown to have significant potential as a rapid method for classification of WooHwangChongShimWon solution based on musk substitutes.

Xylan 분해균주인 Bacillus stearothermophilus의 오탄당 이용

이효선,조쌍구,최용진 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

강력한 xylan 분해 토양 분리균인 Bacillus stearothermophilus의 xylan 분해 주 산물인 xylose와 arabinose등의 pentose 이용과 pentose이용에 미치는 glucose와 기타 maltose 및 cellobiose 등의 효과를 분석하였다. 본 균주는 유일 탄소원으로 glucose를 가장 효율적으로 이용하였으며 다음으로 xylose와 ribose와 같은 pentose 그리고 maltose 등의 이당류도 잘 이용하였으나 glycerol은 전혀 이용하지 못하였다. 또한 glucose와 pentose 또는 xylooligomer와의 혼합 탄소원을 첨가했을 때도 B. stearothermophilus는 glucose를 우선적으로 이용하는 순서적 이용(sequential utilization) 현상과 더불어 전형적인 diauxic growth 양상을 나타내었다. 이에 비해 maltose와 pentose 혼합기질의 경우는 동시이용(co-utilization) 현상을 보였고 cellobios와 pentose 혼합물은 순서적 이용, 그리고 xylose와 arabinose의 pentose 혼합 탄소원인 경우는 두 탄소원을 동시에 이용하였다. 이와 같은 B. stearothermophilus의 탄소원 이용 특성은 glucose 대사관련 주요 효소인 hexokinase의 구성적 생산(constitutive production)과 이에 반한 ^D-xylose isomerase, ^D-xylulokinase 및 ^L-arabinose isomerase 등의 pentose 대사 주 관련 효소의 유도 생산(induced production)과 관계되는 효소 생산 조절 기작 내지는 inducer exclusion 현상을 비롯한 catabolite regulatory mechanism에 기인하는 것으로 설명할 수 있었다. Bacillus stearothermophilus, a potent xylanolytic bacterium isolated from soil, was tested for the strain's strategies of pentose utilization and the evidence of substreate preferences. The strain metabolized glucose, xylose, ribose, maltose, cellobiose, sucrose, arabinose and xylitol. The efficacy of the sugars as a carbon and energy source in this strain was of the order named above. The organism, however, could not grow on glycerol as a sole growth substrate. During cultivation on a mixture of glucose and xylose or arabinose, the major hydrolytic products of xylan, B. stearothermophilus displayed classical diauxic growth in which glucose was utilized during the first phase. On the other hand, the pentose utilization was prevented immediately upon addition of glucose. Cellobiose was preferred over xylose or arabinose. In contrast, maltose and pentose were co-utilized, and also no preference on between xylose and arabinose. Enzymatic studies indicated that B. stearothermophilus possessed constitutive hexokinase, a key enzyme of the glucose metabolic system. While, the production of ^D-xylose isomerase, ^D-xylulokinase and ^D-arabinose isomerase essential for pentose phosphate pathway were induced by xylose, xylan, and xylitol but repressed by glucose. Taken together, the results suggested that the sequential utilization of B. stearothermophilus would be mediated by catabolite regulatory mechanisms such as catabolite inhibition or inducer exclusion.

비글개에서 l-muscone의 급성독성 및 아급성독성시험 연구

유아선,권오경,성하정,곽형일,방명주,박대규,정규혁,윤효인,조명행 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Single and 4 weeks oral administration of l-muscone, a major active ingredient of musk, to beagle dogs of both sexes were performed to investigate both acute and subacute toxicity. Beagle dogs(3 males and 3 females) in acute experiments were administered orally with single dosage of 2,000 ㎎/㎏ and groups of 9 male and 9 female beagle dogs in subacute experiments were given daily different dosage of l-muscone, 0.2㎎/㎏/day(low dosage group), 2 ㎎/㎏/day(middle dosage group), or 20 ㎎/㎏day(high dosage group) once a day for 4 weeks by oral route according to the Established Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration(1996.4.16). LD_50 value for beagle dogs was more than 2,000 ㎎/㎏ on oral route for both male and females. In animals administered with l-muscone, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in clinical signs, urinalysis, eye examination, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weight and other findings. No histolopathological lesions were observed in both control and treatment groups. Above data strongly suggest that l-muscone in beagle dogs is considered to be safe.

분광광도계를 이용한 커피와 인공타액에서의 수복용 복합레진의 변색에

이정식,조효선,엄승희 大韓齒科保存學會 1996 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.21 No.2

Inhibitory Effect of Cordycepin on Human Platelet Aggregation

박화진,--,--,--,--,--,-- THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 2004 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.10 No.1

Cordycepin separated from Cordyceps militaris is a major physiologic active component in Cordyceps militaris. The platelet aggregation is stimulated by Ca^(2+), which is either mobilized from intracellular endoplasmic reticulum or transported from extracellular space. cGMP antagonizes the actions of Ca^(2+). Based on these facts, we have investigated the effects of cordycepin on the mobilization of Ca^(2+) and the production of cGMP on collagen (10 ㎍/ml)-induced human platelet aggregation. Cordycepin potently stimulated the human platelet aggregation induced by collagen (10 ㎍/ml) in a dose-dependent manner. Cordycepin (500 μM) inhibited also the collagen-induced human platelet aggregation in the presence both 1 mM and 2 mM of CaCl_(2). These are in accord with the results that cordycepin inhibited the Ca^(2+)-influx on collagen-induced human platelet aggregation. These results suggest that cordycepin decrease the intracellular Ca^(2+) concentration to inhibit collagen-induced human platelet aggregation. Besides, cordycepin increased the level of cGMP on collagen-induced human platelet aggregation. This result is related with the decrease of intracellular Ca^(2+) concentration, because cGMP inhibits the mobilization of Ca^(2+). In addition, cordycepin inhibited the human platelet aggregation induced by LY-83583, inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. This result suggested that cordycepin inhibit the platelet aggregation by stimulating the activity of guanylate cyclase. In conclusion, we demonstrated that cordycepin might have the antiplatelet function by inhibiting Ca^(2+)-mobilization via the stimulation of the production of cGMP.

Inhibitory Effect of Clavicepitaceae on Serotonin Release out of Human Platelets and Human Platelet Aggregation

박화진,--,--,--,--,--,-- THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 2004 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.10 No.1

We have investigated the effects of hypha-water extracts (HWE), fruit body-water extracts (FWE) and cordycepin from Cordyceps militaris on serotonin release out of human platelets and human platelet aggregation. HWE and FWE inhibited the release of [^(3)H]-serotonin from human platelet stimulated by thrombin (2 U/ml) or collagen (20 ㎍/ml) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, cordycepin, a major component of Cordyceps militaris, inhibited the human platelet aggregation induced by collagen (10 ㎍/ml) in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that cordycepin containing in HWE and FWE may inhibit the serotonin release by suppressing the collagen-induced human platelet aggregation. Accordingly, our data demonstrate that HWE and FWE containing much cordycepin might have antithrombotic and antimigrainous functions.