요추 Y-각 협착증 : 요추간 협착증의 새로운 개념 New Concept of Lumbar Stenosis

김영수,조용은,박형천,윤도흠,노성우 대한신경외과학회 1993 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.22 No.1

Authors measured the Y-shaped angle made by both yellow ligaments and both laminae named Y-angle at the spinal CT scan in normal and lumbar stenosis group. The normal range of Y-angle is between 60˚and 95˚. Lumbar stenosis is classified into narrow Y-angle stenosis(<60°) and wide Y-angle stenosis(>95°) by Y-angle. Narrow Y-angle stenosis is most common in degenerative spondylotic stenosis. Wide Y-angle is most common in congenital stenosis. The Y-angle is a simple and useful diagnostic indicator in the diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis on CT scan and MEU scan.

Fluoxetine이 Schedule-Induced Polydipsia가 유발된 백서 뇌에서 Tyrosine Hydroxylase 발현에 미치는 영향

이기철,이정호,최영민,정주호,정홍경,이용민,김도형,이대환 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.2

연구목적: Fluoxetine은 serotonin을 매개하여 간접적으로 dopamine 신경전달기능을 억제한다고 추정되고 있다. 또한 운동장애에서 운동기능의 악화를 유발한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 신경세포체에서 fluoxetine이 dopamine에 어떠한 영향을 주는지는 아직까지 확실치 않다. 저자들은 schedule-induced polydipsia를 유발시킨 백서 뇌의 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵에서 tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) 발현이 저하됨을 발견하였다. 이를 통해서 fluoxetine이 백서 뇌의 dopamine 기능에 긍정적인지 혹은 부정적인지를 규명하고자 하였다. 방법: 4주간의 schedule-induced polydipsia 과정을 거친 백서에서 면역죄치화학적인 방법으로 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵의 tyrosine hydroxylase 발현이 저하됨을 확인한 후, 실험동물들에게 fluoxetine 10mg/kg를 3주간 복강내 주사하였다. 실험백서들을 희생시켜 뇌 조직을 적출하여, TH 면역조직화학 염색법을 이용하여 흑질, 복부피개영역, 그리고 미상핵의 TH 면역반응세포를 관찰하고 이를 정상백서와 비교하였다. 결과: 1) 다갈증이 유발된 백서의 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵에서 tyrosine hydroxylase 발현이 정상백서 보다 저하됨을 관찰하였다. 2) 3주간에 걸친 fluoxetine 투여후 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵의 tyrosin hydroxylase 발현이 다시 증가하는 소견을 보였다. 결론: Fluoxetine 만성투여가 흑질, 복부피개영역 그리고 미상핵의 tyrosin hydroxylase를 증가시키는 소견을 얻었다. 이러한 결과는 임상에서 dopamine 결핍과 연관된 질환들에서 fluoxetine을 만성투여하면 운동기능을 포함한 증상들의 개선을 가져올 수도 있다고 추정된다. Objective: It has been suggested that fluoxetine inhibits the dopaminergic neurotransmission by serotonergic mediation. And also, it has been shown to inhibit synthesis of DOPA in dopamine-rich areas of the rat forebrain. These dopamine-antagonistic capacity of fluoxetine is only supported by anecdotal report that the increased amount of motor disability in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease after exposure to fluoxetine. However, there is still no evidence of the direct effect of fluoxetine on dopaminergic neuronal cell body in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of fluoxetine in rat brain which showed decreased numbers of dopaminergic neuronal cell body induced by schedule-induced polydipsia(SIP). Method: We incidentally found that 4 weeks of schedule-induced polydipsic rats revealed the suppression of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen with the immunohistochemistric measures. After 3 weeks of intraperitoneal injection of 10mg/kg of fluoxetine to the schedule induced polydipsic rats, the tyrosine hydroxylase expression was also measured with immunohistochemistry. We compared the tyrosine hydroxylase expression among the normal control, the polydipsic rats, and the rats with fluoxetine treatment. Results: 1) By contrast with the control, the polydipsic rats revealed the evidence of decreased tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. 2)After daily injection of fluoxetine for 3 weeks, the polydipsic rats showed increment of tyrosine hydroxyase expression in those areas. Conclusions: In previous studies, a great deal of results suggest that fluoxetine negatively influence the dopaminergic systems indirectly via serotonergic activation such as inhibition of dopamine synthesis or transport system. Although our results are obtained from rodents, we suggest that fluoxetine directly and positively enhance the dopamine system in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. The chronic adminstration of fluoxetine may be helpful to dopamine-depleted condition in clinical situations. We anticipate the replication studies of our findings and well-controlled clinical trial.

Preclinical studies for pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of Ad-stTRAIL, an adenovirus delivering secretable trimeric TRAIL for gene therapy

Kim, Chae-Young,Park, Soon-Hye,Jeong, Moon-Sup,Kwon, O-Seo,Doh, Hyoun-Mie,Kang, Su-Hyung,Robbins, Paul D.,Kim, Byong-Moon,Seol, Dai-Wu,Kim, Byung-Gee Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.10

Malignant glioma is the most frequent type in brain tumors. The prognosis of this tumor has not been significantly improved for the past decades and the average survival of patients is less than one year. Thus, an effective novel therapy is urgently needed. TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), known to have tumor cell-specific killing activity, has been investigated as a novel therapeutic for cancers. We have developed Ad-stTRAIL, an adenovirus delivering secretable trimeric TRAIL for gene therapy and demonstrated the potential to treat malignant gliomas. Currently, this Ad-stTRAIL gene therapy is under phase I clinical trial for malignant gliomas. Here, we report preclinical studies for Ad-stTRAIL carried out using rats. We delivered Ad-stTRAIL intracranially and determined its pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. Most Ad-stTRAIL remained in the delivered site and the relatively low number of viral genomes was detected in the opposite site of brain and cerebrospinal fluid. Similarly, only small portion of the viral particles injected was found in the blood plasma and major organs and tissues, probably due to the brain-blood barrier. Multiple administrations did not lead to accumulation of Ad-stTRAIL at the injection site and organs. Repeated delivery of Ad-stTRAIL did not show any serious side effects. Our data indicate that intracranially delivered Ad-stTRAIL is a safe approach, demonstrating the potential as a novel therapy for treating gliomas.

An Unusual Case of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Caused by the Intravascular Invasion of an Invasive Thymoma

Kim, Hyung Joon,Cho, Sun Young,Cho, Woo Hee,Lee, Do Hyun,Lim, Do Hyoung,Seo, Pil Won,Park, Mi-Hyun,Lee, Wonae,Lee, Jai Hyuen,Kim, Doh Hyung The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.5

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is usually caused by extrinsic compression or invasion of the superior vena cava (SVC) by malignant tumors involving mediastinal structures. Although thymomas are well-known causes of SVCS, cases of SVCS caused by malignant thymomas protruding into adjacent vessels draining the SVC with thrombosis have been very rarely reported worldwide. We experienced a 39-year-old female patient with SVCS that developed after the direct invasion of the left brachiocephalic vein (LBCV) and SVC by an anterior mediastinal mass with a high maximum standardized uptake value on the chest computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT. Based on these results, she underwent en bloc resection of the tumor, including removal of the involved vessels, and was eventually diagnosed as having a type B2 thymoma permeating into the LBCV and SVC. We present this case as a very rare form of SVCS caused by an invasive thymoma.

Preparation of Polycarbosilane Using a Catalytic Process and Its Practical Uses

Kim, Y.,Shin, Dong Geun,Kim, Hyung Rae,Park, Hong Sik,Riu, Doh Hyung Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2005 Key Engineering Materials Vol.287 No.-

<P>Polycarbosilane is the most typical polymeric precursor for SiC ceramic. In this study, liquid type polycarbosilane was synthesized from polydimethylsilane in the presence of solid acid catalyst at 350oC. The molecular weights of the polycarbosilane were ranged between 350 and 530. Synthesized polycarbosilane was characterized with 29Si Solid NMR, FT-IR and GPC analysis. The synthesized polycarbosilane can be used as a good organometallic precursor for SiC coating via chemical vapor deposition or spin coating.</P>

Fabrication of parts and their evaluation using a dual laser in the solid freeform fabrication system

Kim, Hyung-Chan,Choi, Kyung-Hyun,Doh, Yang-Hoi,Kim, Dong-Soo Elsevier 2009 Journal of materials processing technology Vol.209 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A solid freeform fabrication (SFF) system using selective laser sintering (SLS) is currently recognized as a leading process for SLS extended application to machinery and automobiles, whose production involves the use of various materials. For the fabrication of a large surface using the SFF system, the dual-laser approach has been introduced in this paper. Since the building room is divided into two regions, each scan path for the dual-laser system is generated based on a single-laser scan path. The scan paths for both lasers have to be synchronized, and the mechanical strength of the large surface must be considered to prevent fracture at the interface region. This paper addresses the generation of a single-laser scan path for special cases such as those involving unnecessary scan points, and the generation of a dual-laser scan path according to various divided regions so to enhance the mechanical strength of the large surface. Moreover, the tensile strength of the specimen manufactured through single-laser scan path system has been compared with the specimen manufacture through dual-laser scan path and the effect of overlapping region with respect to tensile strength is also highlighted.</P>

The Effects of On-site Measured Ozone Concentration on Pulmonary Function and Symptoms of Asthmatics

Doh Hyung Kim,Youn Seup Kim,Jae Seuk Park,Ho Jang Kwon,Kye Young Lee,Sang Rok Lee,Young Koo Jee 대한의학회 2007 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.22 No.1

Case Reports : Chronic Necrotizing Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis With Elements of Bronchocentric Granulomatosis

Doh Hyung Kim,Jae Hyun Lee,Byung Ha Kim,Eun Kyung Choi,Jae Seok Park,Keun Youl Kim,Young Hi Choi,Na Hye Myong,Kye Young Lee 대한내과학회 2002 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.17 No.2

Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis (CNPA) is an unusual form of pulmonary aspergillosis arising in the setting of mildly immune compromised state or altered local defense system. CNPA rarely shows histological findings mimicking bronchocentric gra

The role of FGF-2 in smoke-induced emphysema and the therapeutic potential of recombinant FGF-2 in patients with COPD

Kim, You-Sun,Hong, Goohyeon,Kim, Doh Hyung,Kim, Young Min,Kim, Yoon-Keun,Oh, Yeon-Mok,Jee, Young-Koo Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.11

<▼1><P>Although the positive effects of recombinant fibroblast growth factor-2 (rFGF-2) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been implicated in previous studies, knowledge of its role in COPD remains limited. The mechanism of FGF2 in a COPD mouse model and the therapeutic potential of rFGF-2 were investigated in COPD. The mechanism and protective effects of rFGF-2 were evaluated in cigarette smoke-exposed or elastase-induced COPD animal models. Inflammation was assessed in alveolar cells and lung tissues from mice. FGF-2 was decreased in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed mice. Intranasal use of rFGF-2 significantly reduced macrophage-dominant inflammation and alveolar destruction in the lungs. In the elastase-induced emphysema model, rFGF-2 improved regeneration of the lungs. In humans, plasma FGF-2 was decreased significantly in COPD compared with normal subjects (10 subjects, <I>P</I> <I>=</I> 0.037). The safety and efficacy of inhaled rFGF-2 use was examined in COPD patients, along with changes in respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function. A 2-week treatment with inhaled rFGF-2 in COPD (<I>n</I> = 6) resulted in significantly improved respiratory symptoms compared with baseline levels (<I>P</I> <I><</I> 0.05); however, the results were not significant compared with the placebo. The pulmonary function test results of COPD improved numerically compared with those in the placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant. No serious adverse events occurred during treatment with inhaled rFGF-2. The loss of FGF-2 production is an important mechanism in the development of COPD. Inhaling rFGF-2 may be a new therapeutic option for patients with COPD because rFGF-2 decreases inflammation in lungs exposed to cigarette smoke.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Lung disease: Inhaling a protein might help</B></P><P>Studies on the role of the protein ‘fibroblast growth factor-2’ (FGF-2) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suggest that inhaled FGF-2 could help treat the emphysema linked to smoking. Researchers in South Korea led by Young-Koo Jee at Dankook University, Cheonan, and Yeon-Mok Oh at the University of Ulsan, Seoul, studied the role of the reduced FGF-2 levels found in mice with lung inflammation caused by exposure to cigarette smoke. They also uncovered details of a protective effect of inhaled FGF-2, identifying specific cellular and lung structure changes attributed to the administered FGF-2. Reduced FGF-2 levels were also found in patients with COPD. Initial trials revealed some improvement in patients treated with FGF-2, but not at a statistically significant level. Nevertheless, the authors suggest their results justify further investigation of the protein’s therapeutic potential.</P></▼2>

파국성 원발성 항인지질 증후군 1예

김재훈,김용진,김창수,최정윤,오동호,김상경,김호각,도준형,현대성,류재근,최병렬 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.56 No.2

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by acute multi-organ failure occurring in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. It is associated with involvement of several end-organs particularly kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tracts and adrenal glands and presents catastrophic clinical pictures such as acute renal failure with thrombotic microangiopathy, myocardial failure, adult respiratory distress syndrome, convulsion and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Conventional treatments(e.g. intravenous heparin, steroid, immunosuppressants) were not effective, while plasmapheresis seems to be a useful therapy. We experienced a case of catastrophic primary antiphospholipid syndrome in 41-year-old woman proved by renal biopsy and immuno-serological tests. She developed acute renal failure, multiple esophageal and oral ulcers, adult respiratory distress syndrome, abnormal elevation of hepatic and pancreatic enzymes and signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Evidences of any other connective tissue diseases were not found. Renal biopsy revealed features of thrombotic microangiopathic nephropathy and serum antiphospholipid antibody level was elevated(34GPL). In spite of steroid, cyclophosphamide and supportive therapies, her respiratory distress was not improved.