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부모 양육태도와 하나님 이미지가 후기 아동기 회복탄력성에 미치는 영향
이창옥,김난예 한국기독교교육학회 2013 기독교교육논총 Vol.34 No.-
The purpose of this study is to find the effects of the parenting attitudes and the image of God on the resilience of Christian late childhood. According to major findings of this study parents, teachers and church schools should focus on the followings for improving the resilience of late childhood :First, children who has seen their parents authority are in service and grew up in them have high resilience with God, persons and natures. Therefore, parents should raise and educate their children by given parental authority from God. Second, We need to educate late childhood who are working with God. Late childhood is not the only objects of the church education but co-worker of God. So church education have to provide church activity,service, and mission tasks for late childhood and they should participate in them as ministers of God. They can overcome difficulties and suffering when they recognize working with God and resilience is improve. Third, the true image of God and experiential education of God image are required. The true image of God is related to the physical father figure. So it is necessary for reconsidering about father and Church education should built like these : God fills the father’s absence, and presence of God helps broken family. home. Prayer is tool of communication with God. When sharing intimacy with God through prayer, resilience is improve. In addition, Late childhood can adjust to churches, schools, communities and this world. Therefore, education of late childhood prayer is very important. This study reminds us once again the importance of education of prayer. 이 연구는 후기 아동기의 중, 고등학생을 대상으로 지각한 부모 양육태도와 하나님 이미지가 회복탄력성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 후기 아동들의 회복탄력성을높이기 위해 부모와 교회학교는 다음과 같은 것에 중점을 두어야 한다. 첫째, 부모의 섬기는 권위와 모델을 보고 자란 자녀들은 하나님과 사람과 자연 속에서회복탄력성이 높다. 따라서 부모는 하나님께서 주신 부모의 권위를 가지고 자녀들을 양육하고 교육해야 하며, 모범을 보여야 한다. 둘째, 후기 아동들은 하나님과 함께 일하고 있음을 깨닫게 교육해야 한다. 후기 아동들은 교회교육의 대상만이 아니라 하나님과 함께 일하는 사역자로서 적극적인 교회학교 활동과 봉사, 섬김, 선교에 참여할 수 있는 장을 마련해 주어야 한다. 하나님의 사역에 적극참여하고 있다는 점을 인식할 때, 후기 아동들은 고난과 고통 및 어려움도 능히 이겨낼수 있는 회복탄력성이 높아진다. 셋째, 참된 하나님 이미지와 형상에 대한 체험과 만남교육이 필요하다. 참된 하나님 이미지는 개인의 삶에서 경험하는 육신적 아버지 상(image)과 관련되므로 아버지에 대한 재조명이 필요하다. 교회교육은 아버지의 부재를 하나님으로 채워주고, 깨어진 가정에 하나님이 임재 할 수 있도록 돕는 것에 주력해야 한다. 하나님과 소통의 도구는 기도로서 하나님과 친밀함을 나눌 때 회복탄력성이 높아지고 교회, 학교, 사회에 잘 적응할 수 있다. 따라서 후기 아동들이 기도할 수 있는 기도 교육의 중요성이 이 연구를 통해 한층 중요하다는 점을 다시 시사한다.
ABSOLUTELY STABLE EXPLICIT SCHEMES FOR REACTION SYSTEMS
이창옥,임채훈,박은희,엄재범 대한수학회 2010 대한수학회지 Vol.47 No.1
We introduce two numerical schemes for solving a system of ordinary differential equations which characterizes several kinds of linear reactions and diffusion from biochemistry, physiology, etc. The methods consist of sequential applications of the simple exact solver for a reversible reaction. We prove absolute stability and convergence of the proposed explicit methods. One is of first order and the other is of second order. Numerical results are included.
우리나라의 신체장애평가법에 관한 비교연구 - 신체장해등급법, McBride법, 미국의학협회 (AMA)기준법을 중심으로 -
이창옥,최정근,손미아,문옥륜,Rhee, Chang-Ok,Choi, Jung-Keun,Son, Mi-A,Moon, Ok-Ryun 대한예방의학회 1994 예방의학회지 Vol.27 No.3
In this study, literature review was done to examine and compare the current status and problems of different evaluation approaches toward permanent impairment in Korea. Alternatives and improvements in the current approaches in Korea were suggested. Series of cases were also examined to compare different approaches applied to the real cases, using 105 cases from a hospital data and another 207 cases from a insurance company data. The main findings of the literature review are as follows; 1. The current evaluation methods of permanent impairment in Korea are grouped into two categories, grading and rating. Gradings of impairments are expressly specified in 17 various statutes. 2. In Grading methods, the rigid system of 74 different grades has been adopted uniformally for the convenience of administration, which may not be, appropriate or valid from medical and scientifical aspect. 3. The adventage of McBride method is assessment of occupational disability rate. However the classified compensable occupations are only 280 and limited to manufacturing industries in 1960s'of U.S.A., which is not appropriate to current Korean circumstances. Especially, the job list does not include managerial officers or mental workers. 4. AMA Guides is the scientific and reasonable method for the assessment of physical impairment rate. However compensation and reparation of impairment case is difficult because this method cannot assess the disability rate according to occupation, age, etc. The results of cases comparative study are as follows: 5. The physical Impairment could be compared in 167 out of total 312 cases, and for the cases of complex impairment, McBride method underestimate physical impairment rate compared with AM A method. 6. When disability late was assessed, occupation was considered the compensation of only 85 cases, and age was used in only 21 cases. This was because occupation and age compensation in McBride method are unreasonable. 7. The most Ideal alternative is to assess physical impairment according to AMA method and then to develop a compensation method appropriate for the circumstances of Korea society.