한대의 작감에 대하여

양완철 부산경남사학회 1977 역사와 경계 Vol.1 No.-

漢代贖刑에 關한 小考

梁玩喆 東亞大學校 1973 東亞論叢 Vol.10 No.-

The system of punishment as titled in this manuscript hs been studied entirely based upon the instances given by the Han Shu(漢書-the history of the Former Han Dynasty) and the Hou Han Shu(後漢書-the history of the Latter han Dynasty). To begin with, it seems, to me that atonement or redemption would never simply mean an action to pardon a criminal for his having committed sin in the day of tae ham Dynasty. But it is suggested that some crimminals used to be relieved from the punishment inflicted for their sins, by means of paying considerable property. Thus, we will be able to conclude that this type of punishment redeemable is quite different from what might be applied any earlier or later days in China. The fore-sdid punishment is divided into two types: One is executed under normal regulations specified in the national law and the other by the imperial rescript as occasion may require. What I want to deal with is nothing but the latter which represents that the imperial would possibly do a favour to the criminals and tht this system might also bring a help to economicla or political policies in order to overcome the crisis of national finance. As to payment for punishment redeemable, Chien(?)60,000 was needed for death penalty in December of the first year in the reign of Hui Ti(??). At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Chien 500,000 was required to commute the penalty of death by one degree the ages of Tien Han(天漢) and Tai Shi (太?) of Wu Ti(??). Furthermore, in case of commuting thepenalty of death by double degrees, Chien 1,000,000 had to be paid. The ransom was payable not only by money but grain, bumps, horses, vanks salaries, or any property changable intn mony as well in the Former Han Dynasty. while in the Latter Han Dynasty, the silks (?-woven with double threads and water proof) were available in the main.

작을 통해서 본 한대의 서인신분고 - 의와 상고를 중심으로 -

양완철 부산경남사학회 1983 역사와 경계 Vol.7 No.-

부스트랩 알고리즘을 이용한 블라인드 적응 신호 분리에 관한 연구 ( A Study on Blind Adaptive Source Separation Using Bootstrapped Algorithm )

양완철,이상래,이병섭 한국통신학회 1997 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.16 No.3

DS/CDMA DMB 하향 링크에서 복잡도가 감소된 블라인드 부분 공간 채널 추정

양완철,이병섭,Yang Wan-Chul,Lee Byung-Seub 한국전자파학회 2004 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.15 No.9

본 논문에서는 정합 필터 출력을 이용하여 연산 복잡도가 감소된 DS/CDMA DMB 하향 링크 시스템에서의 부분 공간 채널 추정 기법을 제안한다. 연산 복잡도 감소 효과는 채널 벡터의 길이가 짧고 시스템의 부하가 적절할 때 매우 크게 나타난다. 이전에 제안된 부분 공간 채널 추정 알고리즘은 화산 이득이 큰 시스템에서 막대한 연산 복잡도 문제를 겪게 된다. 제안된 알고리즘에 약간의 성능 손실이 발생하지만 데이터 행렬의 길이가 길어지게 되면 그 영향은 미미해진다. 시뮬레이션과 분석적인 MSE 성능의 유도를 통해 성능을 평가한다. In this paper, we propose a subspace channel estimation technique for DS/CDMA DMB down link system, which can obtain reduction in numerical complexity by using of matched filtering outputs. The complexity reduction is considerable when the channel length is small and the system is moderately loaded. Previously proposed subspace-based blind channel estimation algorithm suffer from high numerical complexity for systems with large spreading gains. Although the proposed algerian suffers a slight performance loss, it becomes negligible for large observation length. Performance is evaluated through simulations and the derivation of the analytical MSE.

XPIC를 이용한 ITS/DSRC 주파수 재사용 기법

양완철,강경구,이병섭 한국전자파학회 2002 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.13 No.9

In this paper, we propose dual-polarization technique which double the system capacity without increasing any other bandwidth. In theory, dual-polarization technique can double system capacity by using an orthogonal electromagnetic wave. However, cross-polarization interference and multipath interference degrade system performance in practice. To cope with this problem, we propose Cross Polarization Interference Canceller(XPIC) for ITS/DSRC system which can mitigate the XPI as well as multipath propagation interference. We also analyze and discuss its performance with relevant computer simulation results. 본 논문에서는 ITS/DSRC시스템에서 동일 대역을 유지하면서 시스템 용량을 두 배로 증가시킬 수 있는 방법으로 이중편파(dual-polarization)기법을 제안한다. 이중편파기법은 상호 직교하는 전자기파를 이용하여 정보를 전달하는 방식으로 이론적으로 시스템 용량을 배가시킬 수 있다. 그러나 실제로는 XPl(Cross Polarization Interference)와 다중경로 간섭 등의 요인으로 시스템 성능 열화가 발생하는데 XPI 및 다중경로 간섭을 동시에 제거 가능한 XPIC(Cross Polarization Interference Canceller)를 해결책으로 제시하고 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 이를 검증한다

DS/CDMA DMB 하향 링크에서의 신호 공간에 기초한 블라인드 채널 추정

양완철,이병섭,Yang Wan-Chul,Lee Byung-Seub 한국전자파학회 2004 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.15 No.9

본 논문에서는 긴 코드 DS/CDMA DMB 하향링크 시스템에서의 신호공간에 기초한 새로운 채널추정기법을 제안한다. 신호공간과 잡음공간과의 직교성을 이용하는 종래의 부분공간 방식과는 달리 신호공간만을 이용하여 채널응답을 추정할 수 있다. 신호공간만을 이용하므로 제안된 기법은 종래의 부분공간 방식에서의 연산복잡도 문제를 해결할 수 있고 따라서 실제 구현 가능한 적절한 사이즈의 공분산 행렬로 부분공간 분석을 통한 채널추정기법에 사용될 수 있다. 논문을 통하여 제안된 기법과 관련된 수식을 도출하고 시뮬레이션 및 수치결과를 통해 제안된 기법의 유효성을 보인다. In this paper, we propose a new channel identification technique for long code DS/CDMA DMB down link system which estimate the channel response based on the signal space vector only, unlike the most conventional subspace method relying on the orthogonal property of noise space vectors to the signal space vector. Because of this property of the proposed method, it is optimum and practical in manipulation of the covariance matrix to be analyzed. In the paper, we derive the mathematical expression necessary to clarify the proposed method and show the relevant simulation and numerical results to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm.

한대의 농민신분고

양완철 부산경남사학회 1997 역사와 경계 Vol.33 No.-

漢代 勞動刑에 對하여

梁玩喆 東亞大學校 1969 東亞論叢 Vol.6 No.-

The penalty of Han Dynasty generally succeeded to the system of Qin(秦) Dynasty until the emperor wen(文帝) reformed the punitive law of his country. After the Emporer Wen changed the punitive law, the physical punishment which took an important situation between punitive systems drew back entirely in the law system, and flogging and labor penalty appeared on the contrary. Although labor penalty appeared, it was nothing but spread the scope of labor penalty, and among labor penalties kun Qian Cheng Dan was not only applied instead of physical punishment, but also applied in place of reducing death sentence. The labor penalty of male prisoners-Kun Qian Cheng Dan( 鉗城旦) Wan Cheng Dan(完城旦), Gui Xin(鬼薪), Si Kon(司寇), Shu Fa Zui(戍罰作), and Li Chen-was different in the term of imprisonment. Kun Qian Cheng Dan was five years, Wan Chen Dan four years, Gui xin three years, Si Kon two years, and Shu Fa Zuo from three months to one year; according to Han Shu(漢書) and Hhu Han Shu(後漢書), howevor, Li Chen (隸臣) only five examples before the days of the Emperor Wu(武帝). So Li Chen, one of labor Penalties, was lighter than Gui Xin and heavier than Si Kon though it is hard to presume. That is to say, I think the penal servitude of Li Chen was over two years or within three years. And by each labor penalty they were forced to do the labor which came under the name of a crime. As stated above, among the whole labor penalty there was the labor of each punishment according to the meanings of penalty in itself. However, the labor given to the accused didn't actually coincide with the meanings of the penalty in itself.

漢代徒遷形에 關한 考察

梁玩喆 東亞大學校 1972 東亞論叢 Vol.9 No.-

During the Ch'in-Han period, the penal system of migrating criminals to borderlands was regarded as a Tang-style banishment system, Although this system was not officially listed in the Han dynasty criminal code, there are other records that tell that this was a penalty hevier that forced labor, so that this wrter ventures to think that the origin of the Oriental banishment system might be traced as far back as to this Han dynasty penal system. The enforcement of this system began as a measure of populating the remote borderlands with crimindls, without extra expenditures required of the state, since common people did not want to migrate without getting compensations for removal. As for the criminals, the migration under this system meant a remission, so that they usually and little objection to being migrated. For the state, this system was also good, because the system allowed it to accmplish its intention of punishing the crioninals by sending them away from the metropolitan areas as well as from their ancestral graves, the center of their ancestorworship. Peng yue is the first to be migrated under this system. This occurred in the eleventh year of Emperor Kao. This system was also employed when the state wanted to reduce death penalties originally imposed on princes. To those royal members implicated in the crimes comitted by crowned heads, this penalty was first applied in the sixth year of Emperor Wen and to those commoners in the second year of Emperor Yuan. Any principal offender was also subject to This system, but there usually accompanied. if he was not a meritorious retainer, a hard labor. The properties of those under this penalty were confiscated and their return was allowed only when there was a general amnesty or when they happened to gain the e mperors special grace. It seems that during the reign of Emperor Yuan, this expedient penalty was imposed as a regular penalty upon those who had no blood-ties with the Han royalty.