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Mouse Single Oral Dose Toxicity Test of Chongmyung-tang Aqueous Extracts
황하연,장우석,백경민,Hwang, Ha-Yeon,Jang, Woo-Seok,Baek, Kyung-Min The Society of Internal Korean Medicine 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.1
목적 및 방법 : 본 연구에서는 한의학에서 전통적으로 신경보호 약물로 사용되어온 총명탕 물 추출물의 급성 독성증상을 관찰하기 위하여 한국식품의약품안전청 고시 제 2009-116호에 따라 암수 ICR마우스 단회 경구투여 독성 실험을 실시하였다. 반수치사량, 개략적치사량, 표적장기 등을 관찰하기 위하여, 수율 9.70% 총명탕 물 추출물 2,000, 1,000 및 500 mg/kg을 암수 마우스에 단회 경구 투여하고, 투여 후 14일 동안의 임상증상, 사망례, 체중 및 증체량의 변화 및 부검소견을 관찰하였으며, 투여 14일 후 14개 주요 실질 장기에 대한 중량 및 조직병리학적 관찰을 실시하였다. 또한 별도의 암수 매체 대조군을 두어 그 결과를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 본 실험의 결과, 설치류 최대 한계투여 용량인 2,000 mg/kg까지 총명탕 물 추출물 투여와 관련된 사망례가 인정되지 않았으며, 암수 매체 대조군을 포함하여, 모든 실험군에 걸쳐 산발적으로 관찰된 일부 우발적인 육안부검 및 조직병리학적 소견을 제외하고, 총명탕 물 추출물 투여와 관련된 임상증상, 체중 및 장기 중량의 변화, 14개 주요장기에 대한 육안부검 및 조직병리학적 소견이 인정되지 않았다. 결 론 : 따라서 마우스 단회 경구투여 독성실험에서 총명탕 물 추출물의 반수치사량 및 개략적 치사량은 각각 설치류 투여 한계용량인 2,000 mg/kg 이상으로 관찰되어, 매우 안전한 약물로 판단되며, 임상사용에는 별 다른 문제를 일으키지는 않을 것으로 판단된다. Objectives & Methods : The objective of this study was to evaluate the single oral dose toxicity of Chongmyung-tang (CMT) in ICR mice. Korean traditional herbal prescription CMT has traditionally been used as a neuroprotective for treatment of learning disability and memory improvement. CMT, lyophilized aqueous extracts (yield=9.7%) were administered to female and male mice with oral dose of 2,000, 1,000 and 500 mg/kg (body weight) according to the recommendation of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) Guidelines. Animals were monitored for mortality, changes in body weight, clinical signs and gross observation during 14 days after administration upon necropsy; organ weight and histopathology of 14 principle organs were examined. Results : We could not find any CMT extracts treatment related mortalities, clinical signs, changes in body and organ weight, or gross and histopathological observations against 14 principle organs up to 2,000 mg/kg in both female and male mice, except for some accidental sporadic findings which did not show any obvious dose-relations and most of which also demonstrated in both the female and male vehicle control mice in this experiments. Conclusions : Based on the results of this experiment, the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) and approximate lethal dose (ALD) of CMT extracts after single oral treatment in female and male mice can be considered to be over 2,000 mg/kg, and is likely to be safe in humans.
1960년대 독일 팝 아트: 전후 서독 미술계의 미국화와 팝 아트 실험
황하연(Hwang, Hayeon) 서양미술사학회 2023 서양미술사학회논문집 Vol.58 No.-
본 논문은 1960년대 미국 팝 아트의 영향을 받아 ‘자본주의 리얼리즘’과 ‘QUIBB’를 주창한 서독의 젊은 예술가들의 작품을 중심으로 1960년대 독일에서 일어난 팝 아트의 흐름을 조명하고, 독일의 팝 아트가 지닌 사회 비판적 성격을 확인하고자 한다. 전후 독일에서는 나치 시대 탄압된 모더니즘 미술의 맥을 잇고 자국 미술의 수준을 세계 미술계와 나란히 하기 위해 미국의 추상표현주의를 적극적으로 수용하고 있었다. 1960년대 들어 미국 미술의 흐름이 팝 아트로 전환되고 유럽 미술의 중심지였던 파리에서 이를 소개하자 독일에서도 팝 아트에 대한 수용이 일어났다. 본 논문에서는 독일의 중요한 전시 《도큐멘타》를 통해 서독에서 팝 아트를 비롯한 미국 미술 수용이 어떻게 이루어졌는지 파악하고, 예술 잡지 『아트 인터내셔널』이 서독 예술가들에게 팝 아트를 전파하는 데 일조했음을 확인할 것이다. 또한 팝 아트를 실험한 서독 뒤셀도르프의 젊은 예술가들의 작품을 통해 독일 팝 아트의 특징을 규명하고자 한다. 리히터, 루엑, 폴케, 쿠트너가 표방한 ‘자본주의 리얼리즘’과 가울과 알베르만이 결성한 ‘QUIBB’ 그룹의 활동을 통해 서독에서 팝 아트라 칭할 만한 예술적 활동이 있었음을 확인할 수 있다. 특히 독일의 팝 아트는 전쟁에 대한 반성과 자본주의 사회에 대한 비판적인 성격을 띤다. 이는 과거사 문제를 망각한 채 추상을 좇으며 세계 미술계에 편입되고자 했던 전후 서독 미술에 대한 반성이자 비판으로 이해할 수 있다. This essay examines the development of pop art in West Germany in the 1960s, focusing on the works of young artists in West Germany who advocated ‘Capitalist Realism’ and ‘QUIBB,’ artistic styles influenced by American pop art in the 1960s. After the World War II, West German art actively adopted Abstract Expressionism from the United States in order to revitalize the modern art of Germany oppressed under the Nazi regime and to promote German art worldwide. In the 1960s, German artists and collectors started to appreciate pop art introduced to Europe. In this essay, how American art was seen in Germany’s important exhibition Documenta, and how it was accepted by Germans through a widely-read magazine Art International are discussed. The works of young artists in Düsseldorf were to experiment with pop art. ‘Capitalist Realism’ and ‘QUIBB’ testify to the existence of pop art in West Germany, revealing its notable characteristics. German pop art is distinguished for its socio-critical nature on capitalist society and war. This can be understood as a reflection and criticism on West German art after the WWII which pursued abstract art, consigning its historical problems to oblivion.
성인에서 호산구성 점액에 의해 발생한 중간엽증후군 2예
황하원 ( Ha Won Hwang ),김주희 ( Joo Hee Kim ),김숙연 ( Suk Yeon Kim ),이선호 ( Sun Ho Lee ),이수행 ( Soo Haeng Lee ),박성훈 ( Sunghoon Park ),황용일 ( Yong Il Hwang ),장승훈 ( Seung Hun Jang ),정기석 ( Ki Suck Jung ),이인재 ( In 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2016 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.4 No.2
Right middle lobe syndrome (RMLS) is defined as a transient or recurrent, chronic collapse of the middle lobe of the right lung by certain pathologic conditions. RMLS is a relatively uncommon condition having multiple etiologies and various clinical presentations. Two patients were referred to Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, one for the treatment of coughing and the other for the treatment of pneumonia. A diagnosis of RMLS was identified through X-ray and computed tomography image evaluation for each condition. Bronchoscopy revealed mucus obstruction in the right middle lobe bronchus. Biopsy of the aspirated mucus showed mucus containing many eosinophils and Charcot-Leyden crystals. After removal of impacted mucus, clinical and radiological improvements were observed in both patients. Therefore, eosinophilic mucus impaction can be considered a potential cause of RMLS, irrespective of any underlying asthmatic symptoms. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2016;4:149-153)
김숙연 ( Suk Yeon Kim ),김주희 ( Joo Hee Kim ),황하원 ( Ha Won Hwang ),김광윤 ( Kwang Youn Kim ),박성훈 ( Sung Hoon Park ),황용일 ( Young Il Hwang ),장승훈 ( Seung Hun Jang ),정기석 ( Ki Suck Jung ) 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2015 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.3 No.5
Good’s syndrome is an acquired immunodeficiency state associated with thymoma. It is characterized by recurrent infection, autoimmune disease, and immunologic abnormality. The insufficient immunity can be managed by intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement therapy. We describe 2 patients who presented with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and Cytomegalovirus pneumonia after thymectomy for a thymoma. Immunologic study revealed hypogammaglobulinemia with very low B-cell count, consistent with Good’s syndrome. They were successfully treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and gancyclovir respectively, and they are all well without additional infections, receiving regular IVIG replacement. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2015;3:365-369)
이재섭,황하연,백경민,장우석,Lee, Jae-Seob,Hwang, Ha-Yeon,Baek, Kyung-min,Jang, Woo-Seok 대한중풍순환신경학회 2012 대한중풍.순환신경학회지 Vol.13 No.1
Object : The Purpose of this study is to report the clinical application of Korean traditional medicine on gait disturbance with arteriosclerosis of lower limbs. Methods : The patient in this case had been already treated by anticoagulation and varicose vein operation for subsiding and improving intermittent claduication and rest pain, but these methods didn't work on the patient. Although the patient was classified as TASC-II D, bypass operation couldn't be treated because of heart disease of the patient. We treated Korean traditional medicine such as acupuncture, moxibustion, Danggwisaeyeoktang. Results : After treatment, peak walking time was increased, rest pain occurrence was decreased and going up and down the stairs was improved. Conclusions : According to this study, Korean traditional medicine such as acupuncture, moxibustion, Danggwisaeyeoktang is effective for the cure of intermittent claudication and rest pain caused by arteriosclerosis of lower limbs.
이재섭,황하연,주정현,장우석,백경민,Lee, Jae-Seob,Hwang, Ha-Yeon,Joo, Jeong-Hyun,Jang, Woo-Seok,Baek, Kyung-Min 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3
Objectives: This study is a report of the clinical application of traditional Korean medicine on ataxia with cerebellar atrophy. Methods: The ataxia in this case occurred 5 years ago. The symptoms had been getting worse until the patient came to hospital. The MRI of this patient showed atrophy of the cerebellum. We measured the state of this case with the Korean version of the Berg Balance Scale (K-BBS), before and after treatment and Numeric Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) of the symptoms, every week. We treated the case with traditional Korean medicine such as acupuncture and Gamiyukmijihwang-tang. Results: After treatment, the score of K-BBS increased, while the score of NRS-11 decreased. Conclusions: According to this study, traditional Korean medicine is effective for controlling ataxia caused by cerebellar atrophy.