SEM/EDS를 이용한 화장 분골의 형태와 성분 분석

황규성,안우환,김정래,Hwang, Kyu-Sung,An, Woo-Hwan,Kim, Jeong-Lae 국제문화기술진흥원 2015 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.1 No.2

인체 골격의 열에 대한 영향의 연구는 주로 뼈와 치아에 한정되어져 왔는데, 인체의 다른 조직에 비해 고온에서 저항성이 크고 장시간의 열의 노출에도 인지할 수 있는 형태로 남아있기 때문이다. 고온에 따른 치아의 조직변화에 대해서는 많은 연구가 있어왔지만, 뼈에 관한 연구는 미진하며, 한국에서는 이에 대한 연구가 전무하다. 본 연구에서는 주사전자현미경과 에너지분산분광분석기로 한국인 남녀의 화장 후 분골을 분석하였으며, 그 결과 남녀 모두 두 종류의 결정(구형, 6각형 프리즘형태)이 관찰되었으며, 남자보다 여자의 분골 결정이 작고 더 둥글었다. 칼슘과 산소의 양이 분골 무기질의 대부분을 차지하였는데, 이는 고온에서 형성되는 CaO(칼슘옥사이드)에 의한 것으로 확인할 수 있었다. Teeth and bones are very resistance to high temperatures and remain recognizable even after prolonged exposures to heat. The effects of heating and burning on teeth have been studied with the aim of discerning a characteristic signature withstanding high temperature, but there have been few studies about a human cremated ash, especially Korea. We are recognizable by elemental composition and can be detected in human cremated ash samples by Scanning electromicroscopy/Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry analysis(SEM/EDS), cremated, at $800{\sim}900^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. In this temperature range, different crystals morphologies(spherical, irregular and hexagonal) are observed in SEM. Calcium(Ca) and oxygen(O) increases steadily after cremation in EDS. We suggest that cremated bone have been provided with calcium oxide(CaO) formation at temperature above $900^{\circ}C$. This study offers basic data to assess the structure and elemental compositions of human ash and to determine if these remain identifiable after exposure to extreme temperatures.

자몽추출물의 콩팥조직 부패억제 효과에 관한 현미경적 연구

황규성,최기주,남용석,임도선,Hwang, Kyu-Sung,Choi, Ki-Ju,Nam, Yong-Seok,Lim, Do-Seon 한국현미경학회 2009 Applied microscopy Vol.39 No.4

광범위한 천연 소독제로서 사용되어온 자몽추출물의 조직에 대한 부패억제 효과를 확인하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 실험을 위해 8주령 SD계 흰쥐 콩팥(kidney)을 사용하였고, 자몽추출물을 처리하지 않은 대조군과, 55% 자몽추출물의 분말과 수용액을 처리한 실험군으로 구분하여 광학 및 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 광학현미경적 소견에서 대조군의 경우, 1일군부터 보우만주머니의 경계가 불분명해지기 시작하였고, 사구체 및 세뇨관의 형태로 부분적으로 괴사가 진행되었으며, 3일군에서 보우만주머니, 사구체 및 세뇨관의 형태가 대부분의 괴사나 유실되어 형태의 구분이 어려웠다. 그러나 실험군의 경우, 3일군부터 보우만주머니, 사구체 및 세뇨관 형태의 명확한 구별이 어려웠고, 부분적인 괴사가 관찰되었다. 한편, 전자현미경적 소견에서 대조군의 경우, 1일군은 바닥판의 일부가 붕괴되었으나 전체적인 형태는 유지되었고, 세포질 내 세포소기관의 붕괴로 전자밀도가 높은 응집된 형태로 관찰되었다. 2일군에서는 대부분이 붕괴되어 형체를 구별할 수 없었다. 그러나 실험군의 경우는 2일군에서 세포막의 부분적인 파괴가 확인되었고, 3일군에서 바닥판의 일부가 붕괴되기 시작하였고 세포소기관의 붕괴로 인한 응집 현상이 관찰되었다. 본 연구결과는 $37^{\circ}C$, 습도 $80{\pm}5%$에서 55% 자몽추출물은 부패와 변성을 억제하는 부패억제제로서 효과가 있고, 실험군의 3일군 조직의 형태가 대조군의 1일군 조직의 형태적 특성과 유사하게 나타났다. 따라서 자몽추출물은 최소 2일 이상의 부패억제 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. It has been well known that grapefruit seed extract (GSE) have effects on the deodorization and a wide range disinfectant. But anybody do not research about the decomposition-inhibition effect of GSE. The present study was performed to investigate the decomposition-inhibition effect of GSE by measuring the microscope and electroscope observation with passage of time. A total of 30 healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats weighting from 230 gm to 250 gm were used as experimental animals. One group that do not treated by GSE named control group and the other group that treated by 55% GSE named Experimental group. Under ether anesthesia, right kidney was obtained. Put each sample in $37^{\circ}C$ and humidity $80{\pm}5%$ incubator, we obtained each sample after 0 day, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days. 4 ${\mu}m$ of paraffin sections were obtained, stained H-E stain and observed by use of a microscope. Morphological change in tissue was similar to control 1 day group and experimental 3 days group. Therefore, decomposition-inhibition effect of GSE continued about 2 days and it protected necrosis. According to above results, the author suggest that 55% GSE is an effective decomposition inhibitor until 2 days on $37^{\circ}C$ and humidity $80{\pm}5%$ conditions.

Microscopic Study of Decomposition-Inhibition in Stabilized $ClO_2$ Gas in Skeletal Muscle of Rat

황규성,정문진,정순정,안용순,임도선,Hwang, Kyu-Sung,Jeong, Moon-Jin,Jeong, Soon-Jeong,Ahn, Yong-Soon,Lim, Do-Seon Korean Society of Electron Microscopy 2011 Applied microscopy Vol.41 No.4

강한 산화력과 소독효과로 인해 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 안정화 이산화염소(S-$ClO_2$)의 근육조직에 대한 부패억제 효과를 알아보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 본 실험을 위해 8주령 SD계 흰쥐 골격근(skeletal muscle)을 사용하였고, 안정화 이산화염소를 처리하지 않은 대조군과, 안정화 이산화염소의 분말과 수용액을 처리한 실험군으로 분류하여 광학 및 투과전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 광학현미경 관찰 결과, 대조군 1일부터 근섬유막이 분리되기 시작하였고 핵의 붕괴가 관찰되었다. 2일군에서는 근섬유막이 붕괴되어 근섬유의 형태만 남아 있었고, 근원섬유도 붕괴되는 양상을 나타내었다. 3일군 이후 대조군의 경우는 대부분의 근섬유막과 결합조직의 붕괴로 근섬유의 구분이 불분명하였다. 실험군의 경우, 3일군에서 근섬유 사이 결합조직의 부분적인 붕괴가 관찰되었다. 그러나 4, 5일군에서도 3일군과 유사한 양상을 나타내었다. 한편, 전자현미경적 소견은 대조군의 경우 1일군부터 근섬유막의 붕괴로 근섬유의 경계가 불분명하였고, 미토콘드리아막도 부분적인 파괴가 관찰되었다. 2일째부터 근섬유막이 모두 붕괴되었고 근섬유 사이에서 세균이 관찰되었다. 3일군 이후는 근육의 형태를 구별할 수 없었다. 그러나 실험군의 경우, 1일과 2일군은 전형적인 근육의 미세구조를 관찰할 수 있었고, 3일군부터 부분적인 미토콘드리아막의 붕괴가 관찰되었다. 이후 시간경과에 따라 결합조직이 붕괴되어 동심원상의 구조물이 일부 관찰되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과, 대조군은 1일군부터 조직의 붕괴가 시작되어 3일군 이후는 대부분 붕괴되어 형태를 구분할 수 없었으나, 실험군의 경우는 3일군부터 부분적인 붕괴가 시작되었고 이후 시간이 경과되어도 전체적인 근육의 형태가 유지되어 안정화 이산화염소가 근육에 부패억제 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. This study was conducted to determine the antiseptic effect of stabilized chlorine dioxide (S-$ClO_2$) on muscle tissue of rats. Skeletal muscle of 8-week old Sprague-Dawley rats was used. Light and transmission electron microscopic findings were observed in the control group, which was not treated with stabilized chlorine dioxide, and in the experimental group, which was treated with a stabilized chlorine dioxide powder in aqueous solution. According to the LM and TEM observations, the day 1 control group showed the initiation of endomysium collapse resulting in an unclear boundary of muscle fibers, and partial collapse of the mitochondrial membranes. All endomysium had collapsed, and bacteria were observed among muscle fibers in the day 2 and later groups. Shapes of muscles were not distinguishable in day 3 or later groups. In contrast, the day 1 and 3 experimental groups revealed detailed structure of typical muscles, but partial collapse of the mitochondrial membranes was observed in the day 3 and later groups. Subsequently, connective tissues collapsed and structures in the shape of concentric circles were observed. In summary, the day 1 control group showed the initial collapse of tissues, and shapes were not distinguishable in the day 3 and later groups because most of the tissues had collapsed. In contrast, the day 3 experimental group showed partial collapse, but the overall shapes of muscles were maintained as time went on, confirming the antiseptic effect of stabilized chlorine dioxide on muscles.

무선 전력 전송 기술에서의 이물질 감지에 관한 연구

황규성(Kyu-Sung Hwang),양우진(Woo-Jin Yang),김선희(Sun-Hee Kim),원윤재(Yun-Jae Won),문연국(Yeon-Kuk Moon),임승옥(Seung-Ok Lim) 한국통신학회 2011 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.2

Switch-and-Stay Combining 기반 Mixed RF/FSO Dual-hop 전송 시스템 성능 분석

황규성(Kyu-Sung Hwang) 한국멀티미디어학회 2018 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.21 No.4

자몽추출물의 흰쥐 간조직 부패억제에 대한 현미경적 연구

황규성(Kyu-Sung Hwang),임도선(Do-Seon Lim),최기주(Ki-Ju Choi),서윤경(Youn-Kyoung Seo),백두진(Doo-Jin Paik) 대한체질인류학회 2010 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.23 No.4

시체의 보존을 위해 사용되어져 왔던 포름알데히드는 매우 자극적 냄새와 강한 독성으로 인체에 유해하며, 그 사용량의 제한이 있기 때문에 이를 대체하는 물질이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 광학 및 전자현미경을 이용하여 흰쥐의 간조직을 대상으로 천연제제인 자몽추출물이 생체조직의 부패억제에 어떤 효과가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 8주령의 Sprague-Dawley (SD)계 수컷 흰쥐를 대조군과 실험군으로 나누어 각각을 0일군, 1일군, 2일군, 3일군, 4일군 및 5일군으로 분류하고 에테르(ether)로 마취시킨 후 복부의 백색선을 절개하여 간을 적출하였다. 대조군 및 실험군의 간조직을 37℃ 배양기에 각각 넣어 처리하였으며, 습도는 80±5%를 유지하였다. 실험군에는 자몽추출물 분말 부직포제 한 포를 실험 시작부터 첨가하여 실험이 끝날 때까지 배양기 내에 방치하였으며, 매일 1회씩 실험기간 동안 자몽추출물 수용액을 분무하였다. 대조군에는 아무런 처치를 하지 않았다. 실험종료 후 간조직을 광학현미경과 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 광학 및 전자현미경을 이용하여 흰쥐의 간조직을 대상으로 자몽추출물의 생체조직 부패억제효과를 검증한 결과, 자몽추출물이 조직의 변성 및 부패를 3일 이상 지연시키는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 자몽추출물이 시체의 천연보존제로서 유용하게 사용할 수 있는 근거를 제시하였다고 생각된다. Regarding to preserve the cadaver, formaldehyde has been used as a major preservative. However, the usage of formaldehyde has been considered by its harmful effects such as the disturbing ordor, toxicities and limitations to use. Therefore we studied the effect of decomposition-inhibition which is a natural product, grapefruit seed extract (GSE). Concerning the preservative activity, we sacrificed 8 week old male SD rat and collected liver. Using liver tissues, we treated GSE as a time dependant manner under 37℃, 80±5% humidity conditions. To confirm GSE effects, we applied light and electron microscopic analysis. In results, we observed GSE attenuated the morphological changes and putrefaction of liver tissues more than 3 days. Herein, we introduced the potential substitute of formaldehyde to preserve the cadaver as well as animal tissues.

다중 안테나 릴레이 기반의 Secure Amplifyand-Forward 전송 시스템의 보안 성능 분석

황규성(Kyu-Sung Hwang),주민철(MinChul Ju) 한국통신학회 2013 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.38 No.8(통신이론)

아파트 옥외공간의 속성분류를 통한 잠재수요자의 지역간 선호도 차이 분석

황규성(Hwang, Kyu Sung),이찬호(Lee, Chan Ho) 한국부동산학회 2010 不動産學報 Vol.43 No.-

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to find the actual usage of the outdoor space and the need of this space by each attributes for the outdoor space within the multi-family housing complex in metropolitan region and regional region. (2) RESEARCH METHOD This study was focused on survey analysis. The data for this analysis were collect from the questionnaire. The collection of data was done by random sampling, which considered the demographic characteristics, such as gender and age, out of 368 people from metropolitan region and 487 people from regional region. This questionnaire consisted of the outdoor space, we've classified the outdoor space by (1)Communication type, (2)Health type, (3)Amenity type, (4)Education type within the multi-family housing complex. Especially this study used to the cross tabulation analysis and the analysis of T-test by SPSS 12.0 as statistical package. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS The appropriate outdoor spaces which should be emphasized in the future are health type and the amenity type. The metropolitan region and regional region is showing the differences in each items, but after conducting a statistical t-test on the difference between metropolitan region and regional region, there were no significant differences between these two areas. 2. RESULTS (1) From the result, which analyzed the items for general attributes, the interest of residents on the outdoor space was very high. The satisfactions on the current outdoor space were very low and the dissatisfaction seemed much greater for the younger group. (2) The most deficient outdoor space types were the amenity type and the health type. (3) The health typed outdoor space was most often used and the usage of this outdoor space was higher as the age group was higher. (4) The appropriate outdoor spaces which should be emphasized in the future are health type and the amenity type. (5) Finally, for the question which asked the additional cost for better outdoor space, all genders in all age range responded that the reasonable additional fee was 1~5% of the selling price.

편의점 입지선정시 매출에 영향을 미치는 요인분석

황규성(Hwang, Kyu Sung) 한국부동산학회 2014 不動産學報 Vol.56 No.-

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to present countermeasures of site selection and to show the effect of each factors by correlation between sale, profit and localization factors and regression analysis. By providing recently standard of store's site selection, this study suggestions counter plan about method of site selection for not prep entrepreneurs and store developers but prep entrepreneurs of retail store. (2) RESEARCH METHOD This thesis conducted regression analysis of location factors and relations with the performance of convenience stores, with the use of location factors and actual sales data investigated from 2011 until March 2013, through a questionnaire-based survey of commercial business districts in Busan areas. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS First, the population factor : In the population factor, high sales and profit of store was achieved at the region that has large number of residing population. This show that residing population is important location requirement. The reason why the correlation between floating population and profit was presented negative is understood that demands of floating population were dispersed because there are relatively a lot of number of competitive stores at the region in many floating population. So it is dangerous decision for those who open stores simply because there are many floating population. Second, the store factor : the front length of store and number of facing surface, which represent visibility among the store factors, are insignificant and presented positive value. So the visibility, which could make people be aware of stores for a long time, is veri important location requirement where impulse buying is conducted in customers position, Third, the competition factor : It is shown that the competition factor has significant result with the sale and the profit and the effect of that is proved the biggest among all location requirements. Therefore, the competition factor is the most important factors above all. Forth, the cost factor : The region where the rental fee per unit area(㎡) is high has the large residing population. and the large floating population. But there are also many number of competitive stores which can make the demand of the floating population be dispersed. That's why the cost factor is negative correlation with the profit. 2. RESULTS In the case of population factors, it can be said that the number of floating population is not proportional to sale. So, it is a dangerous decision to open a convenience store just because of the large floating populations. The product assortment and visibility getting better as the space of the store floor becomes larger and the sale increase. But the sale per unit area and the profit are in inverse proportion. The competition factors, which have much more effect than any other site factors, are the most important location requirement. Therefore, the idea that the high rental cost accompanies the large profit is false idea and if possible, it is desirable to choose the store in low rental cost because the rental cost can be rather inversely proportional to the profit of convenience store.

아파트단지 옥외공간 선호 속성 분석

황규성(Hwang, Kyu Sung),이찬호(Lee, Chan Ho) 한국부동산학회 2011 不動産學報 Vol.46 No.-

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to analysis on preferences of the outdoor space attributes for differentiated Multi-Family Housing complex in metropolitan region and regional region. (2) RESEARCH METHOD This study was focused on survey analysis. The data for this analysis were collect from the questionnaire. The collection of data was done by random sampling, which considered the demographic characteristics, such as gender and age, out of 368 people from metropolitan region and 487 people from regional region. we’ve surveyed and analyzed the following items: (1) 12 important items among all outdoor space items, (2) 10 important outdoor space items among community space, (3) 6 items among educational space, (4) 8 items among well-being space, and (5) 8 items for common use space. Especially this study was tested by the crosstabulation analysis and the analysis of T-test with SPSS 12.0 as statistical package. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS The metropolitan region and regional region is showing the differences in each items, but after conducting a statistical t-test on the difference between metropolitan region and regional region, there were no significant differences between these two areas. 2. RESULTS (1) Survey result of the 12 important items among all outdoor space’ Most people from metropolitan region and regional region selected the trail within the complex and then hydroponic facilities (ponds, fountain, over ecology), then indoor sports facility (2) Survey result of 10 items among detailed outdoor space of the community’ Most people selected the resting area and then children’s play ground, hydroponic facilities, Central Square within the complex, and then senior citizen’s center. (3) Survey result of 6 items among detailed outdoor space of the educational space: The multi-purpose training space (children’s learning center. liberal arts, entertainment and housewives classroom) were mostly selected by metropolitan region and regional region. (4) Survey result of 8 items among detailed outdoor space of the well-being space: The trail within the complex was mostly selected by metropolitan region and regional region. (5) Survey result of 8 items among common user outdoor space’ for both metropolitan region and regional region, the shopping mall was mostly selected and then, bicycle storage room.