자궁통이 척수반사에 미치는 영향

노태성(TS Roh),윤영옥(YO Yoon),홍승길(SK Hong),나중열(JW Rha) 대한산부인과학회 1993 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.36 No.6

Many parturients and patients who have uterine disease develop the low back pain. Whether the spasmic contraction of the back muscles can be the cause of the low back pain is the subject of this study. The changes of impulse discharge rate were recorded from the 32 single spinal motoneurons in the ventral roots of alpha-chloralose anesthetized cats. We could find many spinal motoneurons both those supposed to be α-motoneurons and those supposed to be Υ-motoneurones which increase the impulse discharge rate as the response to the algesic substance, bradykinin injected into the uterine artery. The response was largest at the L4 ventral root, and decreased gradually as the level was changed to L3 and L2. When the bradykinin was injected intravenously, the spinal motoneurons supposed to be γ-motoneurons increased impulse discharge rate. But the response was smaller than to intra-arterially injected bradykinin. These results suggest that the signal of uterine pain which is transmitted to the spinal cord by way of the hypogastric nerve activate the spinal motoneurons which elicits the contraction of the low back muscles. This mechanism may be one of the explanations of the causes of the low back pain as the symptom of the patients at the clinics of obstetrics and gynecology.

자궁내 감각 수용체의 화학수용적 특성에 대한 연구

정용훈(YH Chung),한희철(HC Han),홍승길(SK Hong),나중열(JW Rha) 대한산부인과학회 1994 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.37 No.1

This present study was performed to investigate the response of the uterine receptors to chemical substance, i.e potassium chloride, bradykinin and capsaicin which are known as algesic substance and to examine the chemoreceptive properties of uterine receptors for them. The recordings were done from 29 single uterine afferents in the hypogastric nerve of alpha-chloralose anesthetized cat. The results are as follows. 1. The twenty nine uterine afferents that obtained tin this study were composed of 9 A-delta fibers and 20^ fibers. 2. The response to von Frey hair were showed in 27 uterine afferents. The higher the stimuli was applied, the larger the magnitude of response was revealed, and so they showed graded response. 3. Bradykinin(2-10 micro g) were applied to the receptive field of 27 units through the uterine artery. Among them 20 units(72.1%) showed response of increased inpulse discharge to the injected bradykinin and it was followed by intense uterine contraction. And the response had dose dependent relationship to the injected bradykinin. But the initiation of uterine contraction preceded the response of uterine afferents to bradykinin in time relation. 4. 10 of 20 uterine afferents (50%) were stimulated when capsaicin (1-2 micro g) was injected as a bolus into the uterine artery. The response of uterine afferents and uterine contraction had similar pattern with the bradykinin in dose dependent relation and chronological sequence. In the nerve activity, there is nosignificant desensitizing effect but the uterine contraction curve had tendency to diminish with the serial injection of capsaicin. 5. 13 of 15 units (86.7%) revealed increased response when tested with potassium chloride of dose from 0.1 ml of 0.15M to 0.1 ml of 0.3 M concentration. Comparing with the response to bradykinin and capsaicin, the duration of response was smaller but the peak discharge was larger. The two units did not show any response to bradykinin and capsaicin but excited only by potassium chloride. 6. Loperamide, smooth muscle relaxant, diminished the magnitude to uterine contraction at lower dose (2-10 micro g) and completely abolished the contraction at higher dose (20 micro g). But the response of uterine afferents to bradykinin persisted yet inspite of complete abolition of contraction. To summarize the above results, uterine receptors were activated by the various algesic chemicals injected through uterine artery and they showed persistent response during elimination of uterine contraction. It could suggest that there might be uterine receptors that have chemoreceptive properties.

자궁 - 골격근 반사에 관한 신경회로 연구

남궁미경(MK Namgoong),윤영옥(YO Yoon),남숙현(SH Nam),홍승길(SK Hong),나중열(JW Rha) 대한산부인과학회 1993 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.36 No.9

Many parturients and patients who have uterine diseases suffer form low back pain coin-cidently Whether the contraction of the longissimus muscle can be evoked by uterine pain is the purpose of this study. Recordings have been made from 34single efferent nerve fibers of longissimus muscle at L level of the a-chloralose anesthetized cat. The obtained results are summerized as follows; 1. Impulse discharges of 34 muscular efferents were recorded. Among them 21 fibers were a-motor fibers and 13 fibers were y-motor fibers 2. 21 a-motor fibers revealed the increased impules dischasrges to the injected brady-kinin adn potassium chloride into rterus. 3. 13 y-motor fibers had increased responses to intra-arterially injected bradykinin adn potassium chloride into uterus 4. The excitation response of bradykinin had logner duration and less small peak discharge in comparison with that of potassium chlorde. These results suggest that the signal of the uterine pain which was transmitted to the spinal cord gy way of the hypogastric nerve activated the back muscle efferents which elicited the contraction of the back muscle. This reflexive responses may explain the back pain by which uterine pain is accompanied.

Oxytocin이 자궁 감각수용체에 미치는 영향

나중열(JW Rha),오동규(DK Oh),한희철(HC Han),윤영욱(YW Yoon),홍승길(SK Hong) 대한산부인과학회 1995 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.38 No.10

This study was performed to investigate the effects of oxytocin on the response of uterine receptors to mechanical and chemical stimuli. The mechanical stimuli were applied by von Frey hair and the chemical stimuli were applied by injecting algestic substance , i,e bradykinin into the uterine artery. The recording were done from 24 single uterine afferents in the hypogastric nerve of cat anesthetized with alpha-chloralose. Once a unit was found, conductoin velocity was determined and the receptive field localized on the uterus. As a control response property of the unit was studied to mechanical stimuli applied to the receptive field and to chemical stimuti applied by intraarterial injection of algesic chemicals into the uterine artery. And after oxytocin was injected into the uterine artery, the same stimuli was applied and compared with the control. The results are as follows; 1. Twenty four uterine affects that obtained in this study were composed of 10 A fibers and 14 C fibers. 2. Injection of oxytocin increased the impulse discharge of 9 uterine afferents. 3. Injection of oxytocin had no effect on the response of uterine affterents to mechanical stimuli applied to the receptive fied with von Frey hair. 4. Injection of oxytocin decreased the impulse discharge of uterine afferents produced by injection of bradykinin. These results suggest that oxytocin inhibits the activity of uterine afferent nerve, so may have analgesic effect on the uterine contraction.

Substance P와 CGRP가 자궁통각수용기에 미치는 영향

이상희(SH Lee),이서은(SE Lee),윤영욱(YW Yoon),한희철(HC Han),홍승길(SK Hong),나중열(JW Rha) 대한산부인과학회 1996 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.39 No.9

To study the effects of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) on the pain receptors in cat uterus, electrophysiological recordings of uterine afferents from hypogastric nerve were donducted. Extracellular recordings were made from the hypogastric nerve filaments in a-chloralose anesthetized cats. Intra-arterial injection of substance P and CGRP was achieved through the micro-polyethylene tube installed at one of the branch of uterine artery. Eleven Ad and twelve C fibers were recorded. The responses of these fibers to substance P or CGRP were not definite at a glance. Unlike the uterine nociceptor responses to algesic substances, subtance p or CGRP produced little changes in impluse discharge rates. But these changes were significantly different. Ad fibers were effected by CGRP but not by substance P.C fibers were stimulated by substance P but not by CGRP. The response duration of C fibers to substance P were brief(1-2 min after injection) but effects of CGRP on Ad fibers were prolonged(>15 min after injection). These results indicate that substance P and CGRP may have neuromodulatory functions in peripheral tissue. But the mechanisms of these peptides may be very different and their targets also can be distinguished from each other.

자궁근염이 고양이 자궁의 감각수용기에 미치는 영향

이낙우(NW Lee),이민구(MG Lee),한희철(HC Han),홍승길(SK Hong),나중렬(JY Rha) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.6

Objective : To examine whether the inflammation can alter the sensitivity of primary afferents innervating uterus and its adjacent tissues, and to elucidate the role of substance P which are known to be released to the inflamed tissues. Methods : Total fourteen female cats were used, four cats were used for inflammation tests. Uterine inflammation was induced by 10% of mustard oil after papain [3mg/ml] treatment. These chemicals were injected into the uterine cavity. Other 10 cats were used for substance P [5 g] tests which was injected into the uterine circulation. The responses of hypogastric nerve to bradykinin injected into the uterine circulation were recorded before and after either treatments [inflammation or substance P] using electrophysiological method. Results : The neuronal responses to bradykinin were increased at 2 hours and 4 hours after uterine inflammation. As for substance P treatment, the responses of 8 of 11 thin myelinated [A ] nerve fibers were decreased after substance P treatment, those of all 10 of unmyelinated [C] nerve fibers were increased. Conclusions : These results indicated that the afferents from the uterus responded to bradykinin more sensitively after inflammation and substance P which are released after inflammation may play a important role in uterine hyperalgesia.