http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
골프장 모형그린에서 활성탄 , Orpar 또는 Zeolite 의 처리가 Fenitrothion , Triadimefon , Diniconazole 의 용탈에 미치는 영향
현해남,정종배,오상실,고용구 한국농화학회 2001 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.44 No.2
Cheju island depends on a hydrogeologically vulnerable aquifer system as its principle source of drinking water. Most of golf courses are located in the area which is important for the ground water recharge, and pesticides are applied to golf courses often at relatively high rates. Therefore, turf pesticides in golf course should be applied without adversely impacting ground water. In this experiment, downward movement of pesticides was monitored in model greens of golf course, where different adsorbents were layered in 3-㎝ thickness at 35-㎝ depth, and effect of the adsorption layer on the leaching loss of pesticides was investigated. Major teachings were observed in the periods of heavy rain and very limited leaching was observed under artificial irrigation. Fenitrothion and triadimefon, which have relatively short persistence and high adsorption coefficient, were found in the leachate in low concentrations only at the first rainfall event, around 20 days after the pesticide application. However, diniconazole, which has a relatively long half-life (97 days), was detected in the leachate during the whole period of experiment and concentration was much higher than those of the other pesticides. Maximum leachate concentrations were 1.9, 10.3, and 84.5 ㎕^(-1) for fenitrothion, triadimefon, and diniconazole, respectively. Therefore, in golf course green which allows rapid water percolation and has extremely low adsorption capacity, persistence in soil could be more important factor in determination of leaching potential of pesticides. Total quantity of pesticides leached from the model green was $lt;0.2% for fenitrothion and triadimefon and 1.8% for diniconazole. Adsorption layers significantly reduced pesticide leaching, and active carbon and Orpar were more effective than zeolite. In the model green having adsorption layer of active carbon or Orpar, leaching loss of pesticides was reduced below 0.01% of the initial application.
아연광산 주변 논토양에서 토양(土壤) 화학성(化學性)이 중금속의 형태(形態) 및 그 분포(分布)에 미치는 영향
현해남,유순호,Hyun, Hae-Nam,Yoo, Sun-Ho 한국토양비료학회 1991 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.24 No.3
본 연구는 아연광산(亞鉛鑛山) 주변의 논토양에 존재하는 Cd, Pb, Cu 및 Zn의 형태별 함량을 조사하여 중금속간의 분포(分布) 특성(特性)을 검토하였으며, 토양 화학적 성질이 이들의 형태별 함량 분포에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위하여 수행되었다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 공시토양에 존재하는 Cd, Pb, Cu 및 Zn은 주로 해화물-잔류태(殘留態)로 존재하였으며, Cd와 Pb의 산화물(酸化物)-탄산염태(炭酸鹽態)와 Cu의 유기복합태(有機複合態)의 함량도 높은 편이었다. Pb와 Cu의 치환태는 소량 존재하였으며, 수용태는 Zn만 검출되었다. 2. 치환태의 분포비가 높은 토양일수록 산화물-탄산염태 및 황화물-잔류태의 분포비가 낮았다. 3. 토심이 깊어질수록 치환태 Cd 및 Zn의 분포비(分布比)는 낮아지고 항화물-잔류태의 분포비가 높아졌으며, Pb는 산화물-탄산염태의 분포비가 낮아지고 황화물-잔류태의 분포비가 높아졌다. 4. Cu는 유기물이 많은 토양일수록 Cu의 유기복합태 함량이 많았으며, Cd, Pb 및 Zn의 유기복합태는 유기물함량과 관계가 없었다. 치환태 Cd, Pb 및 Zn의 분포비는 pH가 높은 토양일수록 낮았으나, 이들의 산화물-탄산염태과 황화물-잔류태의 분포비의 합은 높았다. Pb의 산화물-탄산염태 및 황화물-잔류태의 분포비는 공시토양의 pH 전범위에서 Cd 및 Zn에 비하여 높았다. A study was conducted to determine the influence of soil chemical properties on the distribution and forms of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper(Cu) and Zinc(Zn) in paddy soils near zinc mines. A sequential extraction procedure was used to fractionate the heavy metals in soils into the designated from of water soluble, exchangeable, organically bound, oxide/carbonate, and sulfide/residual. The predominant form of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in the soils was found to be sulfide/residual form. Oxide/carbonate Cd and Pb and organically bound Cu were high, while exchangeable Pb and Cu were very low. Water soluble Cd, Pb and Cu were not detected in the soils. The percentages of the heavy metals content in exchangeable fractions were inversely correlated with those in sulfide/residual fractions in the soils. Exchangeable Cd and Zn and the oxide/carbonate Pb were shifting to the sulfide/residual form with soil depth and the chemical forms of Cu were not changed. Organically bound Cu was positively correlated with soil organic matter content but Cd, Pb and Zn were not. The percentages of Cd, Pb and Zn content in exchangeable forms decreased with soil pH, while those in oxide/carbonate and sulfide/residual forms increased with soil pH. The amounts of oxide/carbonate and sulfide/residual forms of pb were higher than those of Cd and Zn at same soil pH.
제주도 지하수중 오염물질의 농도와 토양중 그의 행동에 관한 연구 : 1. 호텔 및 상가주변에서의 지하수중 NO3-N 의 농도 변화(1987 - 1992)
현해남,오상실,고승학 한국환경농학회 1994 한국환경농학회지 Vol.13 No.1
본 연구는 제주도의 인구밀집 지역인 호텔, 상가 및 아파트 밀집지역에서 음용수로 사용하고 있는 지하수의 NO₃-N, pH, SO₄, Cl 및 hardness의 오염정도, 월별 및 연별 이들 물질의 농도변화를 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 지하수 시료는 10개 지역의 31개 관정에서 1987년부터 1992년까지 월 1회 시료를 채취하여 분석하였다. NO₃-N의 농도는 시료 No. 23을 제외하고 음용수 수질기준인 10㎎/ℓ을 초과하지 않았다. 비오염지역으로 분류된 10 지역의 NO₃-N 농도는 1㎎/ℓ 이하에서 1.2㎎/ℓ을 약간 상회하였으나, 8 지역은 5∼8㎎/ℓ 범위에 있었고 평균 5.1㎎/ℓ으로 10 지역에 비하여 5배 이상 높았다. 1 지역의 시료 No. 1, 2, 4 및 8번 지하수는 연평균 1.2㎎/ℓ로 증가되었으며, 특히, 시료 No. 23은 '87년의 4.1㎎/ℓ에서 '91년의 12.6㎎/ℓ으로 연평균 2.1㎎/ℓ 증가되었다. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 및 7 지역 지하수의 pH는 pH 7-8.1로서 10 지역과 비슷하였으나, 8 지역은 pH 6.6-7.3으로서 낮은 편이었다. 경도는 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 및 6 지역이 30-80㎎/ℓ로서 10 지역에 비하여 높은 편이었으며, 그 중 8 지역이 가장 높았다. 이와 같은 결과로 보아 조사지역의 지하수는 앞으로 점차 오염의 문제가 발생할 수 있을 것으로 예상되었다. This study was conducted to investigate the degree of ground water pollution used for drinking water in Cheju Island. Samples were collected monthly from 31 wells of 10 divided areas and were analyzed for NO₃-N, pH, SO₄, Cl and hardness from 1987 to 1992. NO₃-N concentrations in the samples, with the exception of sample No.23, did not exceed the standard concentration of drinking-water (10 ㎎/ℓ). NO₃-N concentrations at area 10, unpolluted area, ranged from <1.0 ㎎/ℓ to just over 1.2 ㎎/ℓ. However, samples from the business district of the area 8 showed the concentrations ranging from 5 ㎎/ℓ in 1987 to 8.l ㎎/ℓ in 1992 with a mean of 6.8 ㎎/ℓ, about 5 times higher than those from the area 10. NO₃-N concentration in sample No. 23 increased from 4 ㎎/ℓ in 1987 to 12.6 ㎎/ℓ in 1991. Average rate of increase in NO₃-N in samples of No. 1, 2, 4, and 8 at area 8 was about 1.2㎎/ℓ per year in the study period. The ground water at area 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 showed in the range of pH 7 to 8.1, being similar to area 10. However, pH at area 8 was in the range of 6.6 to 7.3, being lower than that in the other areas. Hardness at area 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were in the range of 30 to 80 ㎎/ℓ, being higher than that at area 10. Those at area 8 were the highest among all the other areas tested. The results of this study suggest that NO₃-N contamination in ground water could be a problem at hotel complexes and business district in Cheju Island.