아연폐광산 주변 토양의 중금속 ( Cd , Cu , Zn , Pb ) 오염에 따른 5개 수종의 부위별 중금속 축적

한심희,현정오,이경준,조덕현 ( Sim Hee Han,Jung Oh Hyun,Kyung Joon Lee,Duck Hyun Cho ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.3

This study was conducted to evaluate heavy metal concentrations(Cd, Cu, Z, and Pb) in the soil of two zinc mines and to correlate heavy metal contents between the soils and trees growing near the mines. Soils and leaves, stems, and roots of five tree species(Corylus heterophylla, Pinus rigida. Papulus alba × glandulosa, Rhododendron mucronulatum, and Rabinia pseudoacacia) were collected from Sambo Zinc Mine located in Hwasung and Gahak Zinc Mine in Kwangmyung city in Kyonggido. Soils near two zinc mines were not seriously contaminated by heavy metals, but Zn and Pb concentrations were at toxic level. The heavy metal concentration in soils decreased in the order of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd, and decreased with increasing distance from zinc mining sites. Among the five tree species, Populus alba × glandulasa showed the highest heavy metal concentrations in the tissue except for Pb. Particulars, leaves of the species contained the high concentrations of heavy metals to reach the maximum of 91ppm Zn. The roots of Corydus heterophylla contained high concentrations of Cu and Pb. The order of heavy metal concentrations in the tree species was Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd. The concentration of heavy metals in the tree tissues showed a positive correlation with that in soil in which trees are growing. The ratio of heavy metal concentration of trees to that of soils(concentration factor : CF) was highest in Zn and lowest in Pb. Populus alba×glandulosa had the highest CF value among the five tree species. It was concluded that Populus alba×glandulosa, based on the high metal uptake ability, could be used for decontaminating of heavy metals from contaminated soils, and Pinus rigida could be used to reflect the level of contamination in soils.

아연폐광산(亞鉛廢鑛山) 주변(周邊) 토양(土壤)의 중금속(重金屬) (Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb) 오염(汚染)에 따른 5개(個) 수종(樹種)의 부위별(部位別) 중금속(重金屬) 축적(蓄積)

한심희,현정오,이경준,조덕현,Han, Sim Hee,Hyun, Jung Oh,Lee, Kyung Joon,Cho, Duck Hyun 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.3

This study was conducted to evaluate heavy metal concentrations(Cd, Cu, Z, and Pb) in the soil of two zinc mines and to correlate heavy metal contents between the soils and trees growing near the mines. Soils and leaves, stems, and roots of five tree species(Corylus heterophylla, Pinus rigida. Populus alba${\times}$glandulosa, Rhododendron mucronulatum, and Robinia pseudoacacia) were collected from Sambo Zinc Mine located in Hwasung and Gahak Zinc Mine in Kwangmyung city in Kyonggido. Soils near two zinc mines were not seriously contaminated by heavy metals, but Zn and Pb concentrations were at toxic level. The heavy metal concentration in soils decreased in the order of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd, and decreased with increasing distance from zinc mining sites. Among the five tree species, Populus alba ${\times}$ glandulosa showed the highest heavy metal concentrations in the tissue except for Pb. Particulars, leaves of the species contained the high concentrations of heavy metals to reach the maximum of 91ppm Zn. The roots of Corylus heterophylla contained high concentrations of Cu and Pb. The order of heavy metal concentrations in the tree species was Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd. The concentration of heavy metals in the tree tissues showed a positive correlation with that in soil in which trees are growing. The ratio of heavy metal concentration of trees to that of soils(concentration factor : CF) was highest in Zn and lowest in Pb. Populus alba${\times}$glandulosa had the highest CF value among the five tree species. It was concluded that Populus alba${\times}$glandulosa, based on the high metal uptake ability, could be used for decontaminating of heavy metals from contaminated soils, and Pinus rigida could be used to reflect the level of contamination in soils.

온도와 CO₂ 농도 증가에 따른 다릅나무와 백당나무의 생장, 광합성 및 광색소 함량 변화

한심희,김두현,김길남,이재천,Han, Sim-Hee,Kim, Du-Hyun,Kim, Gil-Nam,Lee, Jae-Cheon 한국농림기상학회 2011 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.13 No.3

The impacts of elevated temperature and $CO_2$ were studied on the seedlings of Maackia amurensis and Viburnum opulus var. calvescens. The seedlings were grown in controlled-environment growth chambers with four combinations of temperature and $CO_2$ treatments: $25^{\circ}C$ + ambient $CO_2$ (400 ppm), $25^{\circ}C$ + elevated $CO_2$ (800 ppm), $30^{\circ}C$ + ambient $CO_2$ (400 ppm), and $30^{\circ}C$ + elevated $CO_2$ (800 ppm). Under elevated temperature and $CO_2$ concentration, the dry weight decreased in seedlings of M. amurensis, but increased in seedlings of V. opulus var. calvescens. In addition, the shoot to root (S/R) ratio in M. amurensis reduced but that of V. opulus var. calvescens increased under elevated $CO_2$ concentration. The S/R ratios of two tree species increased under higher temperature. M. amurensis represented lower carboxylation efficiency under higher temperature and $CO_2$ concentration and that of V. opulus var. calvescens showed lower values under the only higher temperature. Photosynthetic pigment content of in the leaves of M. amurensis was lower under higher $CO_2$ concentration and higher under the increase of temperature, but that of V. V. opulus var. calvescens decreased according to the increase of temperature. Chlorophyll a/b ratios of M. amurensis and V. V. opulus var. calvescens decreased obviously with the increase of $CO_2$ concentration and temperature, respectively. In conclusion, the growth and physiological responses under the environmental changes such as temperature and $CO_2$ concentration depend on the tree species. Therefore, more studies are needed to predict the response of each tree species against the climate changes.

산성우에 의한 토양산성화에 대한 4개 수종의 완충능력과 수관으로부터 양료 용탈 변이

한심희,이경준 ( Sim Hee Han,Kyung Joon Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1997 한국산림과학회지 Vol.86 No.3

The objective of this study was to compare acid-neutralizing and buffering capacity of four tree species against soil acidification by acid rain. About 30-year-old forests composed of Pinus rigida, Alnus hirsuta, Quercus mongolica, and Liriodendron tulipifera in a provincial experimental forest located 151an east from Banwol Industrial Complex in Kyonggido were used in this study. Incident precipitation, throughfall and stemflow, and soil samples were collected from May to September, 1996 to analyze their pH and canon concentrations. Internal leaf pH, external acid neutralizing capacity(ENC), and buffering capacity index(BCI) of leaves were also determined. The incident precipitation showed an average pH of 4.56, with the percentage of acid rain incidents being 74%. The average soil pH of the study area was 4.15. The pH of throughfall and stemflow in all four species was higher than that of precipitation except that of the stemflow of Pinus rigida which showeed a pH of 3.73. The throughfall of Liriodendron tulipifera showed the highest pH of 5.38. The pH of throughfall and stemflow showed a positive correlation and no correlation, respectively, with precipitations. The most abundant cation in precipitation was Ca. The canon concentraions in throughfall and stemflow decreased in the following order of K, Na, Ca, and Mg. Cation concentrations in stemflow were highest in Lirioendron tulipifera and lowest in Pines rigida. Nutrient leaching from above ground increased with decreasing pH of precipitation. The pH of stemflow showed a positive correlation with ENC and BCI. The highest values in ENC, BCI, soil pH, and soil canon concentrations were observed in Liriodendron tulipifera, while the lowest values were obtained in Pinus rigida, It was concluded that Liriodendron tulipifera had highest neutralizing capacity against acid rain, while Pines rigida had the lowest capacity and even promoted acidification of soil.

수목의 장기 기후변화 연구시설: CO₂ 폭로용 상부 개방형 온실

이재천,김두현,김길남,김판기,한심희,Lee, Jae-Cheon,Kim, Du-Hyun,Kim, Gil-Nam,Kim, Pan-Gi,Han, Sim-Hee 한국농림기상학회 2012 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.14 No.1

The open-top chamber (OTC) system is designed for long term studies on the climate change impact on the major tree species and their community in Korea. In Korea Forest Research Institute (KFRI), the modified OTC system has been operating since September 2009. The OTC facility consists of six decagon chambers (10 meters in diameter by 7 meters high) with controlled gas concentration. In each chamber, a series of vertical vent pipes are installed to disperse carbon dioxide or normal air into the center of the chamber. The OTC is equipped with remote controlled computer system in order to maintain a stable and elevated concentration of carbon dioxide in the chamber throughout the experimental period. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments: two elevated $CO_2$ levels ($1.4{\times}$ and $1.8{\times}$ ambient $CO_2$) and two controls (inside and outdoors of the OTC). Average operational rate was the lowest (94.2%) in June 2010 but increased to 98% in July 2010 and was 100% during January to December 2011. In 2010~2011, $CO_2$ concentrations inside the OTCs reached the target programmed values, and have been maintained stable in 2011. In 2011, $CO_2$ concentrations of 106%, 100% and 94% of target values has been recorded in control OTC, $1.4{\times}$ $CO_2$-enriched OTC and $1.8{\times}$ $CO_2$-enriched OTC, respectively. With all OTC chambers, the difference between outside and inside temperatures was the highest ($1.2{\sim}2.0^{\circ}C$) at 10 am to 2 pm. Temperature difference between six OTC chambers was not detected. The relative humidity inside and outside the chambers was the same, with minor variations (0~1%). The system required the highest amount of $CO_2$ for operation in June, and consumed 11.33 and 17.04 ton in June 2010 and 2011, respectively.

주요 목재 수종의 화학조성 분석을 통한 고형 연료화 특성 평가

한심희(Sim-Hee Han),송우용(Woo-Yong Song),신수정(Soo-Jeong Shin) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2016 펄프.종이기술 Vol.48 No.6

To evaluate the bio-solid energy of raw materials, nineteen softwood species and twentyseven hardwood species were used for chemical composition, elementary analysis and energy content calculation. Variations in organic solvent soluble extractives were high in both softwood and hardwood species. Lignin content in softwood species (25.6-36.0%, 19 species average 30.0%) was higher than hardwood species (16.5-28.4%, 27 species average 21.7%) but polysaccharide content in hardwood species (59.6-81.6%, 27 species average 69.0%) was higher than softwood species (56.4-65.1%, 19 species average 61.2%). More carbon content in softwood species than hardwood species came from higher lignin content in those softwood species, especially Norway spruce (50.0% carbon content). In calorimetric value estimation, softwood species (average 18.5 MJ/kg) was higher than hardwood species (average 15.63 MJ/kg) due to higher lignin content and less carbohydrate content.

광량에 의한 산개나리의 생장과 생리적 특성 변화

한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),김두현 ( Du Hyun Kim ),장경환 ( Kyung Hwan Jang ),변재경 ( Jae Kyung Byun ) 한국임학회 2011 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.-

희귀,멸종위기 산개나리(Forsythia saxatilis) 화분의 최적 발아 조건

한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),강혜진 ( Hye Jin Kang ),김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),김두현 ( Du Hyun Kim ) 한국산림과학회 2013 한국산림과학회지 Vol.102 No.1

Optimal condition for pollen germination was suggested as a basic research of flowering physiology in order to identify the characteristics of flowering and seed setting of rare and endangered Forsythia saxatilis Nakai. Pollen samples were collected during flowering time from the end of March to the beginning of April. First, a suitable germination temperature, medium sucrose concentration and germination time were determined for pollen germination and pollen tube elongation in vitro, and then an optimal pH of culture medium. Pollen germination and tube elongation were significantly different among the levels of germination temperature, sucrose concentration and germination time. Interactive effects were observed between germination temperature and time, germination temperature and sucrose concentration, germination time and sucrose concentration. Pollen germination was the highest at 10oC and increased with the increase of sucrose concentration, whereas it had no relation with germination time. In addition, pollen germination and tube elongation did not increase at more than 15% of sucrose concentration and 24 hours later. Pollen germination was the highest at pH 5 (20.8%) and the lowest at pH 6 (3.8%). In conclusion, 10oC, 15% sucrose and pH 5 were proposed as the optimal condition for pollen germination 24 hours later of pollen culture.

폐석지내(廢石地內) 광(光) 저해에 대한 사방오리나무 잎의 항산화 보호

한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),이재천 ( Jae Cheon Lee ),이위영 ( Wi Young Lee ),박영기 ( Young Ki Park ),오창영 ( Chang Young Oh ),김종갑 ( Jong Kab Kim ) 한국산림과학회 2006 한국산림과학회지 Vol.95 No.1

광량 차이에 의한 산개나리의 엽 특성과 광색소 함량 및 광합성 변화

한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),김두현 ( Du Hyun Kim ),김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),변재경 ( Jae Kyung Byun ) 한국산림과학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.4

Forsythia saxatilis is a Korean endemic plant designated as rare and endangered by the Korea Forest Service (KFS). Growth and physiological characteristics of F. saxatilis were investigated under two different light intensities in order to figure out an appropriate growth environment for conservation and restoration of the species in its natural habitat. Shoot length, leaf size and weight, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic parameters were measured for F. saxatilis grown at two experimental plots under relative light intensities (RLI) of 20% and 60% of the full sun, respectively. Fresh leaf weight of plants grown under high relative light intensities (RLI-60) exceeded that of plants grown at 20% RLI. The ratio of fresh leaf weight to leaf size at RLI-60 was 1.47 times superior comparing to that recorded at RLI-20. The content of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid were higher in plants grown at RLI-60, whereas the ratio of total chlorophyll to carotenoid content was higher in the leaves at RLI-20. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate at RLI-60 were, respectively, 2.5, 2.65 and 1.79 times higher comparing to those recorded at RLI-20. Water use efficiency, however, was higher at RLI-20. The chlorophyll/nitrogen ratio was 1.83 times higher at RLI-20 than at RLI-60. In contrast, the ratio of net photosynthesis to chlorophyll content at RLI-60 was 2.58 times higher than that of RLI-20. In conclusion, light intensity might be the major factor affecting growth and physiological characteristics of F. saxatilis grown under canopy of tall tree species.