강원도 춘천지역 비시업 잣나무림의 현존량과 양분분포

한상균,이명종,권영휴,Han, S.K.,Yi, M.J.,Kwon, Y.H. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2014 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.16 No.1

This study was performed to provide basal data for effective nutrient control and productivity improvement of the Korean white pine stand. The objectives of this study were to investigate biomass and nutrient distribution in the unthinned Korean white pine plantation which is located in chuncheon, Gangwon province. Aboveground of the stand was estimated by the method of allometric relationship between tree component(kg) and diameter at breast height(DBH, cm). Total above ground biomass of the stand was 127.9t/ha. The relative ratio of stem, living branch, needle compared with total aboveground biomass were 57.9, 16.1, 12.7 and 13.3%, respectively. All nutrients were highly accumulated in needle and N had the largest proportion in the total amount of nutrient accumulation and followed by Ca, K, Mg, P. The amount of nutrient restoration in the Korean white pine was 6,852kg/ha for N, 1,916kg/ha for Ca, 889kg/ha for K, 518kg/ha for Mg, and 124kg/ha for P.

비증환자(痺證患者) 58례(例)에 대(對)한 EAV측정치(測定値)의 진단적(診斷的) 고찰(考察)

한상균,하치홍,조명래,유충열,이병열,Han, Sang-Gyun,Ha, Chi-Hong,Cho, Myung-Rae,Ryu, Chung-Ryul,Lee, Byung-Ryul 대한침구의학회 2001 대한침구의학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Background and Objective : Most diagnostic method for numbness were invasive and complex. So we need to simplify and objectify diagnostic method for numbness. Some study with EAV which is one of Physiological Signal Measuring Instruments, report significantly result as objective diagnostic method for other clinical symptom. By using EAV, we have obtained some physiological signal data from meridian-acupoints of 58 numbness cases. Objective and Methods : This study researched into the clinical statistics for 58 case who ware in numbness, and they ware treated with oriental medical care at the Dong-shin university oriental hospital during 1 year from April 3 2000 to March 30 2001. The data were analyzed and interpreted to compare with traditional differentiation of symptom-complexes, then further evaluated as the Five Evolutive Phases to make them differentiated. The EAV valus of Five Evolutive Phases were identified with the sequence of wood(木), fire(火), earth(土), steel(金), water(水). Results and Conclusion : These values of physiological signal were identical with standard differentiation of symptom-complexes of numbness which is the main cause of dishannonious flow of Qi and blood of the in the liver and deficiency of Qi and blood of the bladder with stagnancy of dampness. Among Five Evolutive Phases, Earth and wood values were increased, steel, fire and water were decreased significantly. This data imply the possibility of somewhat generalization from measuring instruments.

당귀약침(當歸藥鍼)의 혈해(血海) 자입(刺入)이 Intraluminal Filament 삽입술(揷入術)에 의(依)해 유발(誘發)된 백서(白鼠)의 허혈성(虛血性) 뇌손상(腦損傷)에 미치는 영향(影響)

한상균,이병렬,Han, Sang-gyun,Lee, Byung-ryul 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate effects of Angelica gigas Nakai(AGN) on the ischemic injury by intraluminal filament insertion in the rats. Methods : The ischemia was induced by intraluminal filament insertion into middle cerebral artery. AGN herbal acupuncture into SP10 was carried out during 3 weeks after ischemic injury. Eight-arm radial maze was designed for the behavioral task. AGN herbal acupuncture showed neuroprotective agents in cresyl violet, acetylcholinesterase(AchE), choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) and nerve growth factor(NGF)-stain. Then check the effect of regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) according to AGN herbal acupuncture in rats. Results : The errors in the eight-arm radial maze task were significantly decreased in normal group compared with control group on 1~6days, AGN2(0.02g/kg) herbal acupuncture group on 1~5days, AGN3(0.1g/kg) on 1~3days, AGN4(0.5g/kg) on 1, 3~6days. The rate of correct choice was significantly increased in AGN1(0.01g/kg) and AGN4 herbal acupuncture groups. The density of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 was the most increased in normal group and AGN1, AGN3, AGN4 herbal acupuncture groups compared with control group. The density of AchE in the hippocampal CA1 had a tendency to increase in all the groups when they were compared with control group, but not significant. The density of ChAT in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increased in normal group and AGN1, AGN4 herbal acupuncture groups compared with control group. The density of NGF in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increased AGN4 herbal acupuncture group compared with control group. The rCBF was significantly increased in AGN1, AGN3 and AGN4 herbal acupuncture groups without the change of blood pressure. Conclusions : These results suggest that AGN herbal acupuncture can be used for controlling stroke in early stage as herbal medication.

◇ 3분과 : 임업기능인 임금조사를 통한 직종별 기준임금 산정에 관한 연구

한상균 ( Sang Kyun Han ),한한섭 ( Han Sup Han ),우희성 ( Hee Sung Woo ),최병구 ( Byoung Koo Choi ),조민재 ( Min Jae Cho ),차두송 ( Du Song Cha ) 한국임학회 2015 한국산림과학회지 Vol.104 No.4

산림작업은 험준한 산악지에서 주로 작업이 이루어지고 있기 때문에 임업노동자에게 높은 위험수준을 부담하는 노동형태를 띠고 있다. 하지만 이러한 중노동에도 불구하고 건설공사 품셈을 바탕으로 하는 비현실적인 임금체계의 적용으로 인하여 효율적인 작업수행이 이루어지지 않을 뿐만 아니라 임업기능인의 노동생산성도 점차 저하되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국·사유림 임업기능인 영림단을 대상으로 현행 임금체계의 문제점과 합리적인 임금체계 수립을 위한 설문지 조사를 실시하였다. 또한 설문내용을 바탕으로 임업의 특수성을 고려한 새로운 직종별 적정 임금체계를 개발하였다. 설문조사는 총 19문항으로, 총 659명에게 우편을 통하여 실시하였고, 이 중28.5%의 회신율을 보였다. 조사된 영림단의 평균 적정임금은 지역별로 다소차이를 보였으나, 보통인부가 97,680원/일, 특별인부 127,559원/일, 벌목부는 152,403원/일로 나타났다. 이는 건설협회의 노임단가와 비교했을 때, 적정한 수준이라 판단된다. 또한 현재 분류되고 있는 3개 직종(보통인부, 특별인부, 벌목부)구분 보다는 좀 더 산림작업의 특수성을 반영할 수 있는 5개 직종(산림환경작업부, 초급산림작업인, 중급산림작업인, 고급산림작업인, 산림장비운전사)으로 구분한다면 임업기능인을 위한 현실적이고 안정된 임금체계를 제시 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Working in the forest would require a wide range of skills and experience for specific tasks which involve with a high level of risks to worker’s safety. However, there has been a concern on the current standard wage system for forest workers because it does not effectively reflect the characteristics of typical working conditions in the forest. In addition, the current standard wages for forestry workers was estimated based on the construction industry``s wage system. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess a current wage system through the mail survey method and to develop a new wage system for forest worker which effectively reflects skill sets and experience required for successful completion of the work in the forest. We mailed the survey questionnaire consisting of 19 questions to 659 forest workers and received 188 responses resulting in a 28.5% response rate. The results showed that the current average optimal wages of forest worker, special worker and feller were 97,680won/day, 127,559won/day and 152,403won/day, respectively though there were variations depending on the regions. In developing the new standard wage system, this study suggest the current work types(worker, special worker and feller) could be divided into 5 work types (forest-environment workers, forest operations in beginner, forest operations in intermediate, forest operations in advanced and forest equipment operator) reflecting specialty of forest operation thereby stabilizing the new wage system for forest workers.

미서부에서의 산불방지간벌 비용, 에너지생산량 및 양분제거량 예측프로그램 개발

한상균 ( Sang Kyun Han ),한한섭 ( Han Sup Han ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

In this study, a spreadsheet-based model, named ThinTool, was developed to evaluate the cost of mechanical fuel reduction thinning treatments including biomass removal, predict net energy output, and assess nutrient impacts in northern California and southern Oregon. A combination of literature review, field-based studies, and contractor surveys were used to develop this model. Three components (cost, energy output, and nutrient removal) in ThinTool were directly linked to each other. The results are sensitive to stand and site conditions, thinning prescriptions, biomass recovery systems, and road standards and distances. For cost analysis, machine productivities for fuel reduction thinning treatments under three different stand conditions were obtained from 29 local contractors who have worked on fuel reduction thinning treatments in the region. These estimates are then adjusted based on stand variables and work conditions; the productivity adjustment functions were developed for four key variables affecting machine productivity, including the amount of volume to be removed per acre, tree size, percent slope, and skidding distances. Net energy output was estimated by comparing the amount of energy delivered with the total energy consumed to collect, process, and transport the biomass to an energy plant. This function allows users to assess potential energy contribution and identify energy-effective biomass recovery systems. The site nutrient removals were calculated based on the biomass amounts and nutrient contents for each species and the tree components (e.g., limbs, tops, and/or bole wood) to be removed. The outputs help forest managers to examine environmental effects of biomass recovery and provide nutrient retention information for sustainable production of woody biomass. In model validation, the difference between ThinTool-simulated costs and the actual observed costs were 5 percent for sawlog production and 11 percent for biomass production. ThinTool will help forest managers and land owners to effectively address conflicting issues (i.e. nutrient recycling vs. removal of hazardous fuels) that require integration of biomass availability, harvest cost analysis, and environmental effects simultaneously.

Yoader를 이용한 간벌작업 시 작업비용 및 생산성 분석

한상균 ( Sang Kyun Han ),한한섭 ( Han Sup Han ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

Unmanaged second-growth forests in Redwood National Park have resulted in high tree density consisting of non-redwood species. These stands generally require forest restoration treatments to alter tree density and to promote redwood dominance. In this study, a yoader yarding system was implemented on steep ground. Restoration treatment costs of the yoader operations were investigated under two different thinning prescriptions, 25% and 40% basal area reductions. Treatment costs were estimated by detailed time studies. A stand damage survey was also conducted to assess the amount of damage to residual trees during thinning operations. The amount of volume removed had a significant effect on operational costs, regardless of operational methods. Yoader thinning costs increased directly with the amount of volume removed ($6,313/ha at 25% thinning unit and $25,664/ha at 40% thinning unit). The cost difference was due to large amounts of small trees removed and lack of operator experience at the beginning of the thinning operation. When comparing all incurred costs and total revenues estimated in this study, total revenue in the 40% thinning unit was not enough to offset additional costs incurred by recovering biomass for energy production. Yarding was the most expensive component in the thinning operation and the sensitivity analysis showed that high yarding productivity is critical in minimizing overall treatment costs. Thinning intensities significantly affected residual stand damage: the 40% thinning unit had more severe residual stand damage than the 25% thinning unit.

Greville 7차항 보정식을 사용한 사망확률 보정 -Greville 7, 9, 13차항 간 적합도, 평활도 비교-

한상균 ( Sang Kyun Han ) 한국계리학회 2011 계리학연구 Vol.3 No.2

국내 지상파 방송사의 어린이 프로그램제작 접근방식 변화 연구

한상균(Han Sang-Gyun),이정환(Lee Jung-Hwan) 한국어린이미디어학회 2010 어린이미디어연구 Vol.9 No.2

국내 지상파 방송사의 애니메이션을 포함한 어린이 프로그램의 편성대비 광고수익에 관한 효율성 제고의 논란은 이들 내부에서 수년간 지속되어왔다. 이러한 논란은 국내외 전체적인 경기침체와 이로 인한 방송사의 가장 큰 수입원인 광고수익의 격감을 경험하고 있는 요즈음 좀 더 구체적으로 논의가 되고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 상황에서 국산 어린이 프로그램의 지상파 방송편성은 방송총량제의 그늘 아래에서 근근이 그 명맥만을 유지하게 되었고, 어린이 프로그램 장르는 이들의 미운 오리새끼로 전락하게 될 운명적 처지에 놓이게 되었다. 이 시기에 등장한 프로그램이 바로 KBS의 〈후토스-하늘을 나는 집〉이다. 이는 KBS 최초로 어린이 프로그램제작을 위한 제작위원회를 결성하고, 대형 어린이 테마파크 형 방송프로젝트를 자처하며 전남 함평군에 오픈세트를 건립하여 2007년 7월 5일에 첫 촬영에 돌입했다. 이후 다소 기대에 미치지 못하는 국내 시청률에도 불구하고 해외수출 및 국내외 부가사업을 통해 성공할 수 있었으며, 이를 기반으로 2010년 5월부터 속편인 〈후토스2-잃어버린 숲〉을 제작하여 방송하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 KBS 〈후토스-하늘을 나는 집〉의 사례 분석을 통해 KBS를 포함한 국내 지상파 방송사들의 어린이 프로그램 활용방안 및 접근방식에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 또한, 지상파 방송사가 주축이 된 제작위원회방식의 도입을 통해 국내 어린이 프로그램제작산업 활성화 가능성을 예상하고자 한다. Korean terrestrial television companies have been calculated the economical efficiency of children's TV programs, compare to its incomes from the advertisement through their channels for years. Recently, the issue is being treated more seriously since they are facing global economic recession and experiencing suddenly the fallen advertisement revenues. Under the situation, broadcasting the children's programs through the terrestrial television is being prohibited by them, and normally the viewing rates of the genre have not been made them satisfied. By the reasons, only the Korean Cap system has been forced them to broadcast children's TV programs at least minimum hours. Due to the results, children's programs couldn't be welcome by them so far. At the moment, KBS presents 〈HUTOS-The Flying House〉 to the industry. 〈HUTOS〉 was starting its first shooting in Jeollanam-do, Hampyeong-gun in July 5th, 2007 to aim to be a children's theme-park project by KBS for the first time. In spite of unsatisfied domestic viewing rates, 〈HUTOS〉 could be succeeded in its business through the export its rights to the global markets. Thanks to the success of the first attempt, KBS produced the serial series of 〈HUTOS〉 with the title of 〈HUTOS-The Lost Forrest〉, and started its broadcasting since May 2010. This study aims to forecast the changes of approach to children's program production of Korean terrestrial television companies by analyzing the successful example of KBS 〈HUTOS-The Flying House〉, and presents the industry possibility of activate the children's program production by adopting the production committee system, which terrestrial television companies lead.

국산 애니메이션 콘텐츠 해외 판매를 위한 마켓플레이스 모델 연구

한상균(Han, Sang-Gyun) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2016 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.44

전반적으로 애니메이션을 포함한 콘텐츠 산업은 초기 투자비용이 많은데 비해 시장 확대를 통한 추가 수익을 확보할 수 있다는 이점이 있다. 따라서 관련사들은 생산비를 분산하고 시장을 확대하려는 전략을 구사하게 되는데, 이는 유통 창구의 확대 혹은 상품 거래를 통한 해외시장의 진출 형태로 나타난다. 하지만 새로운 디지털 기술의 발전에 따라 하루가 다르게 다양한 플랫폼이 새로이 생성되고 있으며, 글로벌 애니메이션 산업은 이전 보다 빠른 구조적 변화, 산업 경제적 기회의 확대, 수용자의 태도 변화 등 산업 전반에 걸쳐 혁신적인 변화를 야기하고 있다. 이러한 상황에 빠르게 적응하고 새로운 기회를 선점하기 위해선 구조적, 경제적으로 열악한 국내 애니메이션 업체들 스스로만의 힘으로 자구책을 마련하기를 기대하기보다는 정부주도로 이들을 지원해오던 기존의 방식들의 실효성을 제고하여 보다 더 효과적으로 이들의 해외진출을 도울 수 있도록 하는 법, 제도적 차원의 지원과 함께 현실에 맞는 다양한 지원 메커니즘 도입이 필수적이다. 글로벌 애니메이션 산업의 환경적 변화에 따라 정부의 추가적이며 효율적인 지원을 기대할 수 있는 부문은 정부 신뢰를 바탕으로 하는 해외수출 컨설팅 지원, 영세한 국내업체들의 프로젝트 제작비 마련을 위한 펀딩 지원, 지속적이고 발전된 해외수출을 위해 잠재적 수출 대상국 및 해외업체에 관한 다양한 정보축적 및 정보제공 지원, 기존의 하청제작에서 창작 애니메이션으로 전환하여 저작권 확보를 마친 국내 업체들의 상황을 적극적으로 고려하여 보다 다양하고 폭넓은 매출을 만들어 낼 수 있도록 돕는 해외 라이센싱에 관한 지원 등으로 요약할 수 있다. 또한 이들의 효율성을 고려한 선행 조건으로는 정부 주도의 국내외 애니메이션 업체들이 다함께 참여할 수 있는 공동체 결성과 기존 오프라인 지원의 결점을 보완 할 수 있도록 하는 방안이 동시에 논의 되어야 한다. 이러한 모든 면을 종합적으로 고려했을 때 가장 합리적이며 효과적인 방안이 국산 애니메이션 온라인 마켓플레이스 모델 구축 및 운영이다. 이를 통해 정부는 국내 애니메이션 산업의 활성화를 성공적으로 이끌 수 있도록 돕는 디지털 아카이브 역할을 성실히 수행할 수 있으며, 국내 상황에 최적화된 온라인 마켓플레이스 모델 구축을 통해 국내 대다수의 애니메이션 영세업체들에게도 온라인의 특성을 활용한 저비용, 고효율의 이점을 살려 인력과 비용 등의 부담 없이 해외진출을 통해 콘텐츠의 부가가치를 스스로 끌어 올릴 수 있는 결정적 계기를 마련할 수 있다. 또한 해외업체들의 입장에서도 국내 업체들과의 거래에 있어서의 대한민국 정부가 보증하는 신뢰와 편의를 무한 제공 받을 수 있다. In general, content business companies include animation industry can have benefits, which they have higher incomes when they obtain wider markets. Therefore, they pursue to have diverse windows for content distribution or to reach the foreign markets for dealing their content products with potential customers. It have the greatest value. They can re-invest the incomes to produce their new products, and they can enhance the international competitiveness of their next products. As the results, the companies can have more incomes and wider markets in next business, and it will be the effectiveness of the good cycle of the animation industry. Animation industry has being undergone of its structure changes, more economical chances and viewers" attitudes changes through the all over the industry because of the acceptance of new digital technology. To response the changes or have the new chances from the changes, they should to review the existing system and the law concerned with the animation business as well as having the diverse new plans for supporting the industry like a construction of the online marketplace of Korean animation. It would make the Korean animation companies to meet foreign customers easily by making lower the entrance barrier of the foreign markets. Current Korean government needs to estimate the value of the Korean animation accurately and objectively by concerning its surroundings to support efficiently. However, it is very difficult to estimate the value of the content rightly because of its" intangible and subjective matter. For this, they should analyze the all the data of the information of the Korean animation content by accumulate, open to the public and manage. So if the government makes online marketplace for the Korean animation, which all the Korean animation companies get in, it would be a solution of estimating the value of the Korean animation rightly. In addition, it will be used as the role of archive of the government to lead the industry successfully. As a point of the small size of the Korean animation companies, they are government dependable because of its low budget, so they strongly expect the government to do the right role as the unique knowledge distributor. Therefore, the Korean animation online marketplace would make not only big companies, but also small companies to have the chances to increase the value of their content in the global markets by themselves without economic burdens.

Scene #02

한상균 ( Han Sang Gyun ) 한국기초조형학회 2019 한국기초조형학회 작품집 Vol.2019 No.1