우리 나라 약물 남용자에서의 C 형 간염 바이러스 항체 양성율

김효석(Hyo Suck Kim),추동호(Dong Ho Choo) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.2

N/A limit. Also only 6cases(22.2%) had symptoms of hepatitis such as fatigue, anorexia. 5) the prevalence of HBsAg in drug users was only 8.8%. Conclusion: The prevalence of anti-HCV among intravenous drug users in Korea was 79.4%, comparable to that in europe and USA. Duration of drug use might be associated with higher anti-HCV seropositivity

우리나라 약물남용자와 만성음주자에서의 C형 , B 형 간염 바이러스 및 HIV 의 유병률

김효석(Hyo Sock Kim),추동호(Dong Ho Choo) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.6

N/A Objectives: After introduction of anti-HCV assay as screening test of blood donors, the proportion of trasfusion-associated hepatitis C declined, but the proportion of hepatitis C patients with a history of parenteral drug use increased, HCV, HRV, and H1V share similiar modes of transmission and prevalent among intravenous drug users in America. Recently the number of drug users in Korea has been increasing. Therefore we investigated the prevalence of HCV, HBV, and HIV among drug users in our country. In addition several recent reports showed that anti-HCV were freguently positive in the chronic alcoholics and HCV might play a role in the development of severe liver disease in these patients. We assessed the prevalence of anti-HCV and its re1ationship to the severity of liver disease in chronic alcoholic patients. Methods: The prevalence of anti-HCV, HHsAg, and anti-HIV among 185 drug users who were admitted at Taegu Medical Center from January 1994 to December 1995 has been studied using ELISA and the history of drug use including sort, route, and duration investigated. In addition, We studied the prevalence of anti-HCV and its relationship to the severity of liver disease in 73 chronic alcoholics. Results: 1) Among 176 methamphetamine intravenous users, the prevalence of anti-HCV was 80%, that of HBsAg was 4%, and there was none with anti-HIV positive in 131 cases tested. Of the 9 marihuana smokers, all of them were negative in anti-HCV or anti-HIV, and only 1 caese(11%) was HBsAg positive. 2) Longer duration of intravenous drug use was significantly associated with anti-HCV seropositivity, Elevated ALT level was found in 80 cases(57%) of the anti-HCV seropositive 140 cases and their mean was 971U/L. 3) The group with higher optical density of anti-HCV showed inclination of elevated ALT level; however there was no significant correlation between anti-HCV optical density and ALT level. 4) The prevalence of anti-HCV was 11% in 73 chronic alcoholic patients, and that of HBsAg was 4%. The seropositivity of anti-HCV correlated with the severity of liver disease: none in patients with no liver problem or fatty liver, 12.5% in patients with chronic liver disease, 1996 in patients with cirrhosis classified by clinical, biochemical, and ultrasonographic findings, However the presence of anti-HCV was not associated with impaired liver function tests in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of anti-HCV among intravenous drug users in Korea was 80%, similiar to that in America, By contrast the prevalence of HBsAg was only 4%, lower than that of general population. And there was no HIV-infected cases among intravenous drug users in our study. The seropositivity of anti-HCV among chronic alcoholic patients was 11%. And increased prevalence of anti-HCV in alcoholic patients with severe liver disease might suggest that hepatitis C virus is involved in liver damage in these patients.

정신분열병 환자의 꿈

추동호,이죽내 大韓神經精神醫學會 1985 신경정신의학 Vol.24 No.3

본 연구는 정신분열병환자의 꿈에 정신분열병과 관계되는 특징들이 반영되고 있는가를 검토해 보기 위하여 1983년 8월 1일부터 1984년 7월 31일까지 경북대학교 의과대학 신경정신과에서 입원 및 외래 통원치료를 받았던 정신분열병환자 52명의 꿈 238개와 비정신분열병환자(정신병 제외) 58명의 꿈 233개를 정신분열병의 병리와 관련되는 몇가지 내용에 대해 비교해 본 결과, 꿈자아의 대상이 출현한 꿈 수는 정신분열병군과 비정신분열병군간에 차이가 없었으나 대상의 성질에 따른 내용에 있어서는 정신분열병군에서 비정신분열병군에 비해 비인간적 대상이 나타난 꿈 수는 유의하게 많았으나 인간적 대상이 나타난 꿈은 유의하게 적었다. 꿈자아의 대상의 내용에 있어서 비정신분열병군에서는 권위자가, 정신분열병균에서는 동물, 상상적 생물, 죽은 자 등 비인간적 대상이 두드러지게 많이 나타났다. 꿈자아의 대상 중 꿈자아와 직접 관계하고 있는 대상을 가진 꿈 수는 정신분열병군과 비정신분열병군간에 차이가 없었으나, 대상의 성질에 따른 내용에 있어서는 정신분열병군에서는 비정신분열병군에 비해 비인간적 대상과 관계하고 있는 꿈 수가 유의하게 많았고 반면에 인간적 대상과 관계하고 있는 꿈수는 유의하게 적었다. 꿈자아가 관계를 갖고 있는 대상의 내용에 있어서는 정신분열병군에서는 동물, 상상적 생물, 죽은 자 등 비인간적 대상이, 비정신분열병군에서는 권위자가 현저히 많았다. 꿈자아와 그의 대상간의 공격적 관계는 양군 모두 대상을 공격하는 것보다는 공격받는 것이 많았고 정신분열병군에서 비정신분열병군보다 공격을 받는 율이 높았다. 꿈자아와 그의 대상간의 공격적 관계에 있어서 그 대상의 내용을 보면 꿈자아가 공격하는 대상으로는 정신분열병군에서는 가족 및 친척, 친구, 동물이 비정신분열병군에서는 권위자, 낯선 자가 대부분을 차지하고 있었고, 꿈자아를 공격하는 대상으로는 양군에서 모두 낯선 자, 동물 및 상상적 생물이 두드러지게 많았다. 비현실적인 꿈상이 나타난 정신분열병군의 꿈 수는 비정신분열병군에 비해 유의하게 많이 나타났다. 이상의 소견들로 정신분열병환자의 꿈은 정신분열병의 임상상과 일치하는 몇가지 특징들을 반영하고 있음을 시사해 주고 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristic features of the dreams of schizophrenics compared with nonschizophrenics. Subjects were 52 schizophrenics and 58 nonschizophrenics who had been treated at Kyungpook National University Hospital from August 1, 1983 to July 31, 1984. According to DSM-Ⅲ classification, of the 52 schizophrenic subjects, 31 were diagnosed as paranoid, 13 undifferentiated, 6 catatonic, and 2 disorganized. Of the 58 nonschizophrenic subjects, 21 were diagnosed as dysthymic disorder, 18 an-xiety disorder, 8 conversion disorder, 8 obsessive-compulsive disorder, and 3 personality disorder. Sex and age of the nonschizophrenic subjects were controlled. All subjects had 6 resident therapists. Therapists were instructed to collect dreams in the morning. Dreams were written down by the therapist. No special effort was made to elicit dreams aside from asking the patients to remember the dreams. The maximal number of dreams from any one subject was limited to ten, and if there was any question that the dream was recalled from the past or was confused with psychopathology, the dream was omitted. The total number of dreams from schizophrenic subjects was 238, from nonschizophrenic subjects, 233 : the mean for schizophrenic subjects, 4.58, for nonschizophrenic subjects, 4. 02. The content categories used in this study were the presence or absence of the objects, relating to dream ego, the contents of the objects relating to dream ego, the aggressive interactions between dream ego and its objects, the contents of the aggressive interactions, the presence or absence of unrealistic images. The definition of “relating”was confined to talking or real action. The dream was the unit for statistical comparision. Each dream was, according to the content categories, identified by two judges. The results are as follows, The rate of the dreams with objects relating to dream ego in the schizophenics, 48.3%, was almost the same as that of nonschizophrenics, 53.2%. As to the contents of objects relating to dream ego, the rate of the dreams with dreams with human objects in the schizophrenics, 36.5%, was significantly less than that of the nonshizophrenics, 52.4%. However, the rate of the dreams with non-human objects in the schizohprenics, 12.2%, was significantly higher than that of the nonschizophrenics, 0.5%. The rate of animals in the schizophrenics, and that of authority in the nonschizophrenics were remarkably contrasted. In the patterns of aggressive interaction, the dream ego of schizophrcnics showed higher rate of “being attacked”, 14.3%, than that of attacking, 3.8%, compared with the nonschizophrenics and the dream egos of both groups was, in common, attacked by the unknown persons and the nonhuman objects. The rate of dreams with unrealistic images in the schizophrenics, 31.9%, was significantly higher than that of the nonschizophrenics, 14.6%. Considering the above results, it is understood that the schizophrenic dreams reveal some characteristic features corresponding to the waking psychopathology compared with the nonschizophrenic dreams.

强迫障碍와 人間組織適合性抗原

秋東鎬,元勝喜,姜秉祚 大韓神經精神醫學會 1995 신경정신의학 Vol.34 No.1

A HLA-typing(HLA-A, B, C, DR, DQ) was conducted on 35 patients diagnosed as obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD) based on the DSM-Ⅲ-R criteria for a comparison with HLA of the normal controls. The normal controls consisted of 30 healthy medical students for HLA-A, B, C and 136 healthy persons for HLA-DR, DQ. The Tearasaki method was used for HLA-A, B, C and PCR method, for HLA-DR, DQ. The frequencies of HLA for both OCD patients and the normal controls were compared by means of the Gart and Nam statistical analysis method and the P value was corrected by multiplying the tested antigen numbers, to avoid the Type 1 error. When compared with the normal controls, HLA-B(60) was found significantly high in frequencies among OCD patients(p〈0.05), with significantly low levels in HLA-DR(p〈0.01) and DQ(6) (p〈0.0001). The corrected P value found only DQ(6)(0.0005) to be significantly low. This leads DQ(6) to be indicative of the possibility of a genetic marker. A further study, howerever, is required on unmedicated, on a larger pool of subjects.