플라즈마 디스플레이 패널의 Ar 가스 첨가에 따른 효율 향상에 관한 연구

최훈영,민병국,이석현 한국진공학회 1999 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

Potassium Balances in Maintenance Hemodialysis

최훈영,하성규 전해질고혈압연구회 2013 Electrolytes & Blood Pressure Vol.11 No.1

Potassium is abundant in the ICF compartment in the body and its excretion primarily depends on renal (about 90%), and to a lesser extent (about 10%) on colonic excretion. Total body potassium approximated to 50mmol/kg body weight and 2% of total body potassium is in the ECF compartment and 98% of it in the intracellular compartment.Dyskalemia is a frequent electrolyte imbalance observed among the maintenance hemodialysis patients. In case of hyperkalemia, it is frequently “a silent and a potential life threatening electrolyte imbalance” among patients with ESRD under maintenance hemodialysis. The prevalence of hyperkalemia in maintenance HD patients was reported to be about 8.7-10%. Mortality related to the hyperkalemia has been shown to be about 3.1/1,000 patient-years and about 24% of patients with HD required emergency hemodialysis due to severe hyperkalemia. In contrast to the hyperkalemia, much less attention has been paid to the hypokalemia in hemodialysis patients because of the low prevalence under maintenance hemodialysis patients. Severe hypokalemia in the hemodialysis patients usually was resulted from low potassium intake (malnutrition), chronic diarrhea, mineralocorticoid use, and imprudent use of K-exchange resins. Recently, the numbers of the new patients with advanced chronic kidney disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis are tremendously increasing worldwide. However, the life expectancy of these patients is still much lower than that of the general population. The causes of excess mortality in these patients seem to various, but dyskalemia is a common cause among the patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis.

Salt Sensitivity and Hypertension: A Paradigm Shift from Kidney Malfunction to Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

최훈영,박형천,하성규 전해질고혈압연구회 2015 Electrolytes & Blood Pressure Vol.13 No.1

Hypertension is a complex trait determined by both genetic and environmental factors and is a major public health problem due to its high prevalence and concomitant increase in the risk for cardiovascular disease. With the recent large increase of dietary salt intake in most developed countries, the prevalence of hypertension increases tremendously which is about 30% of the world population. There is substantial evidence that suggests some people can effectively excrete high dietary salt intake without an increase in arterial BP, and another people cannot excrete effectively without an increase in arterial BP. Salt sensitivity of BP refers to the BP responses for changes in dietary salt intake to produce meaningful BP increases or decreases. The underlying mechanisms that promote salt sensitivity are complex and range from genetic to environmental influences. The phenotype of salt sensitivity is therefore heterogeneous with multiple mechanisms that potentially link high salt intake to increases in blood pressure. Moreover, excess salt intake has functional and pathological effects on the vasculature that are independent of blood pressure. Epidemiologic data demonstrate the role of high dietary salt intake in mediating cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality. Almost five decades ago, Guyton and Coleman proposed that whenever arterial pressure is elevated, pressure natriuresis enhances the excretion of sodium and water until blood volume is reduced sufficiently to return arterial pressure to control values. According to this hypothesis, hypertension can develop only when something impairs the excretory ability of sodium in the kidney. However, recent studies suggest that nonosmotic salt accumulation in the skin interstitium and the endothelial dysfunction which might be caused by the deterioration of vascular endothelial glycocalyx layer (EGL) and the epithelial sodium channel on the endothelial luminal surface (EnNaC) also play an important role in nonosmotic storage of salt. These new concepts emphasize that sodium homeostasis and salt sensitivity seem to be related not only to the kidney malfunction but also to the endothelial dysfunction. Further investigations will be needed to assess the extent to which changes in the sodium buffering capacity of the skin interstitium and develop the treatment strategy for modulating the endothelial dysfunction.

Scanned Point-Detecting System을 이용한 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널에서 방출되는 광의 3차원 시간 분해 측정

최훈영,이석현,이승걸,김준엽 한국광학회 2002 한국광학회지 Vol.13 No.6

We measure the 3-dimensional temporal behavior of the light emitted from the discharge cell of a plasma display panel (PDP) by using a scanned point detecting system. The light signal detected by a PM tube is sent to the oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope is connected to a PC with GPIB. From the resultant temporal behaviors, we could analyze the discharge characteristics of the panel with a Ne-Xe (4%) mixing gas at a 400 torr pressure. The top view of the panel shows that discharge moves from the inner edge of the cathode electrode to the outer cathode electrode, forming an arc shape. The side view of the panel shows that the light is detected up to 150 $\mu\textrm{m}$ up the barrier rib. After a trigger pulse is applied, peak intensity is detected at 730 ns and peak intensity position is located at the center of the ITO electrodes.

High Water Intake and Progression of Chronic Kidney Diseases

최훈영,박형천,하성규 전해질고혈압연구회 2015 Electrolytes & Blood Pressure Vol.13 No.2

Impact of water intake on the courses of chronic kidney and urinary tract diseases, such as urolithiasis, urinary tract infections, chronic kidney diseases (CKD), autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseases and bladder cancer, has recently been studied. It still remains controversial whether increased water intake slows the progression of CKD or not. However, high water intake suppresses plasma levels of arginine vasopressin (AVP), which is expected to be beneficial for the preservation of the kidney function. Previous studies suggest that water intake suppresses plasma levels of AVP, and high levels of AVP have been suggested to play deleterious roles in animal models of kidney disease. Moreover, recent epidemic of CKD of unknown origin, which was supposed to be related to the insufficient water intake and chronic volume depletion, has been reported in Central America, further suggesting that the suppression of AVP by sustained water intake might be beneficial in this CKD population. Indeed, the data from recent studies were consistent with the view that high water intake is associated with slower progression of CKD. However, contradictory findings also exist. The intriguing effects of increased urine volume in preserving the glomerular filtration rate in human patients with CKD require more large and well-designed randomized prospective clinical trials.

말기 신부전으로 진행된 다낭성 신증 환자에서신대체 요법간의 비교

최훈영,구영석,김동기,김현진,김형종,이태희,정인현,강신욱,최규헌,이호영,한대석 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.6

Background : Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common genetic disorder that accounts for 8-10% of patients receiving renal replacement therapy in Unites States and Europe, and approximately 2% in Korea. ADPKD patients on renal replacement therapy constitute a particular group with typical clinical characteristics and differences from other patients on renal replacement therapy. The objective of this study was to assess clinical features, morbidity, mortality and technical survival in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with ADPKD and compare these between each renal replacement therapy. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 70 ADPKD patients who received renal replacement therapy in Yonsei university medical center (Jan. 1980-Dec. 2001) Results : Among a total of 70 patients, 41 patients were male and 29 patients were female. Mean age was 45.6±10.7 years and average time from diagnosis of ADPKD to start of renal replacement therapy was 5.1±5.6 years. As the initial mode of renal replacement therapy, 25 patients started on hemodialysis 26 patients started on CAPD and 19 patients received renal transplantation. Clinical features and laboratory findings at the initiation of renal replacement therapy had no significant differences between each renal replacement therapy. Cumulative and technical survival in ESRD patients with ADPKD receiving each renal replacement therapy had no significant differences according to Kaplan-Meier. Seven patients died within study period, including 3 hemodialysis patients, 2 CAPD patients and 2 renal transplantation patients. The most common cause of death was infection followed by bleeding and malignancy, Among patients on CAPD, 10 patients had stepped CAPD because of peritonitis, hernia, ultrafiltration failure and CAPD leakage. Conclusion : In summary, there were no significant differences of clinical features, cumulative and technical survival between each renal replacement therapy in ADPKD patients. The most frequent reason for cessation of CAPD was peritonitis, The most common cause of death was infection in ESRD patients with ADPKD. 목 적 : 다낭성 신증을 진단받은 환자 중 말기 신부전으로 진행된 환자를 대상으로 각 신대체 용법 환자 군간의 임상적 특징, 기술 생존율, 생존율 등을 조사하여 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1980년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 연세대학교 의관대학 세브란스병원 신장내과에 내원하여 다낭성 신증을 진단받고 말기 신부전으로 진행되어 신대체 요법을 시행받은 환자들은 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 총 70예의 환자 중 남자가 41예 여자가 29예이었으며, 다낭신 진단당시의 평균 연령은 45.6±10.7세이었고, 다낭신 진단으로부터 말기 신부전으로 이행될 때까지 평균 기간은 5.1±5.6년이었다. 신 이식을 한 환자군은 19예, 복막투석 치료를 받은 환자군은 26예, 그리고 혈액투석 치료를 받은 환자군은 25예이었다. 다낭신 진단 당시와 말기 신부전 진단 당시의 평균 연령은 이식 환자군이 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 다낭신 진단으로부터 말기 신부전으로 이행될 때 까지의 평균 기간은 세 군간에 의의있는 차이가 없었다. 말기 신부전 진단 당시 혈액요소질소, 크레아티닌, 크레아티닌 청소율, 혈청 총 단백, 알부민, 칼슘, 인, 헤마토크릿 등은 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 혈색소는 혈액투석 환자군에서 의의있게 낮았다 (p<0.05). 말기 신부전 진단 당시 고혈압을 가진 환자는 전체 70명 환자 중 50명으로 가장 많았으며, 그 외 뇌혈관 질환, 심혈관계 질환, 간염, 당뇨 등을 동반한 환자들이 있었다. 각 신대체 요법의 기술 생존율은 복막투석 환자군에서 다소 떨어지는 양상이었으나 세 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 복막투석 환자군에서 복막투석을 중단했던 경우는 총 10예로 복막염이 3예, 탈장이 2예, 초여과 장애가 1예, 복막 투석액 유출이 1예로, 7예 모두 혈액투석으로 전환하였으며 이외 사망으로 중단된 경우가 2예, 이식으로 전환한 경우가 1예이었다. 각 신대체 요법에서의 생존율은 복막투석 환자군과 이식환자군에 비해 혈액투석 환자군에서 생존율이 낮게 나타났으나 유의하지 않았다. 사망은 총 7예가 있었으며 혈액투석 환자에서 3예, 복막투석 환자에서 2예, 그리고 이식환자에서 2예가 있었고, 사망원인으로는 감염이 4예로 가장 많았으며, 출혈이 2예, 그리고 악성종양 1예가 있었다. 결 론 : 말기 신부전으로 진행된 다낭성 신증 환자에서 각 신대체 요법을 시작할 당시의 임상 양상은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 기술 생존율이나 생존율에서도 의의있는 차이를 발견할 수 없었다.

플라즈마 디스플레이 패널에서 방출되는 광의 3차원 측정을 위한 Scanned Point-Detecting System

최훈영,이석현,이승걸 한국광학회 2001 한국광학회지 Vol.12 No.2

플라즈마 디스플레이 패널(plasma display panel :PDP)에서 방출되는 광의 3차원 분포를 측정하기 위한 scanned point-detecting system(SPDS)을 고안하여 제작하였으며 이 시스템을 이용하여 실제 PDP의 3차원 광 방출 특성을 측정하고 해석하였다. SPDS는 상면에 핀홀이 달려 있는 광검출기(point detector)를 위치시킴으로써 특정 지점으로부터 방출되는 광만을 검출할수 있다. 3차원 물체의 특정 지점으로부터 방출된 광은 핀홀을 지나 검출기로 모두 입사되지만 다른 지점으로부터 방출된 광은 핀홀 앞에서 미리 집속되거나 핀홀 뒤에서 집속될것이므로 이러한 광들은 핀홀에 의해 대부분 차단될 것이다. 그러므로 물체의 특정 지점으로부터 방출된 광만이 핀홀이 설치된 검출기에 의해 검출되어 진다. SPDS를 이용하여 PDP cell 내에서 측정된 3차원 광 intensity 분포로부터 cellso의 방전현상을 다음과 같이 유추해낼수 있었다. Z축 측정이 진행될수록광의 intensity는 증가하였고 ITO전극의 안쪽부분에서 검출되는 광의 intensity가 가장 컸고 Y축 scan시 나타나는 X-Z평면에서 광의 intensity가 격벽과 격벽의 중심부분에서 가장 크게 나타났다.

Sulodexide in IgA nephropathy

최훈영,박형천 대한신장학회 2013 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.32 No.1

We read with interest the article by Yang et al [1] that described the antiproteinuric effect of low-dose sulodexide in IgA nephropathy patients who were already receiving renin– angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors. Reduction in proteinuria is the key determining factor for renoprotective effects of any given therapies for IgA nephropathy patients. RAS inhibition using angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers is currently the most widely adopted renoprotective therapy for IgA nephropathy.

물류센터관리시스템 도입에 따른 물류업무의 생산성 향상에 관한 연구

최훈영,임만규,강경식 대한안전경영과학회 2015 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

일본 화훼수출 효율화를 위한 물류 라우트 연구

최훈영,백선우,김인규,강경식 대한안전경영과학회 2015 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.17 No.3