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개혁개방 이후 중국 교육의 현황과 과제: 교육개혁정책을 중심으로
최혜연,서범종 안암교육학회 2017 한국교육학연구 Vol.23 No.4
이 연구는 개혁개방 이후 40년이 흐른 현재까지 중국의 교육을 교육개혁정책 중심으로 살펴보고 향후 교육발전을 위해 해결해야 할 과제를 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 개혁개방 이후 발표된 교육개혁정책을 분석한 결과 교육발전을 위한 토대로 의무교육의 보급에 전력을 기울였고, 이를 기반으로 소질교육을 통해 덕・지・체・미를 골고루 갖춘 인재를 양성하여 경제 성장의 밑거름이 되고자 하였다. 한편 시장경제의 원리를 교육에도 도입하여 국가가 전적으로 교육을 책임지던 관례에서 벗어나 지방 및 대학에 자율권을 부여하여 국가 경쟁력을 키우고자 하였다. 이 결과 2015년 현재 의무교육 보급율 99%, 대학 진학률 40%를 달성하는 성과를 내었고, 기초교육의 성과를 바탕으로 국가 성장에 필요한 고급인력을 양성하는 데 성공하였다. 그러나 도・농간 격차와 소득 격차에 따른 교육불평등 해소, 외형적 성장에 맞게 교육의 내실을 기하는 것은 중국이 당면한 과제이자 나아가야 할 방향이다. This study aims to explore the current state of education in China 40 years after reform and opening, and to find a way to move forward. This study used literature research methods. The main data used in this study are the education reform policies of China announced after Reform and Opening. Other related academic papers, monographs, and newspaper articles were used. As a result of analysis of education reform policy announced since 1985, China devoted itself to dissemination of compulsory education as foundation for educational development, and as of 2000, China achieved 99% of compulsory education and 40% of university entrance. And based on the achievements of basic education, China has succeeded in nurturing highquality human resources necessary for national growth. China has to overcome educational inequalities due to the gap between urban and rural areas and the income gap, and make the best of education for external growth. They are challenges China faces and directions to go.
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자기공명혈관조영소견을이용한윌리스환후부위의형태학적변이조사
최혜연 대한뇌졸중학회 2004 Journal of stroke Vol.6 No.1
Background: The arterial circle of Willis at the base of the brain serves as a potential collateral pathway, whichenables to maintain adequate cerebral perfusion in case of diminished afferent blood supply through the internalcarotid artery (ICA) or the basilar artery. While its function depends on the continuity of its circular configuration,it is known to vary. The anatomic variants of circle of Willis have been studied based on conventional angiograph-ic or autopsy studies. With the advent of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), the anatomic variation of theposterior part of circle of Willis can be easily demonstrated in a physiologic state. Methods: Among the subjectswho underwent both brain magnetic resonance imaging and MRA in the Yonsei Medical Center from 2000 to2003, those without a brain parenchymal lesion and without abnormalities of intracranial and neck vessels wereincluded in the present study. The anatomic variants of the posterior part of the circle were determined by the pres-ence of the posterior communicating artery (PcomA) or the precommunicating segment of the posterior cerebralartery (PCA). The variants were categorized into six groups: type A, bilateral PcomA; type B, unilateral PcomAand fetal type PCA; type C, unilateral PcomA; type D, unilateral fetal type PCA; type E, bilateral fetal type PCA;and type F, no continuity between the ICA and PCA. Results: Of 1884 subjects, 324 who met the inclusion crite-ria, were finally included for analyses. They were 152 males and 172 females, and the mean age was 54.2 years(range, 3/12~87 years). Type F was most common (171 subjects, 54.8 %), followed by type C (51, 15.6 %), typeD (40, 12.4 %), type A (22, 6.8 %), type B (22, 6.8 %), and type E (5.6 %). In summary, while about a half of thesubjects had no continuity between anterior and posterior circulations, the PCA was supplied only from the anteri-or circulation through the fetal-type PCA in a significant portion of subjects. Conclusion: We investigated normalreference values for morphologic variants of the posterior part of the circle of Willis based on MRA in Korean.These results would be helpful for consideration of the mechanism and pathogenesis in stroke patients. 대한뇌졸중학회지제6권제1호2004년5월
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초소형 금속판 및 나사를 이용한 분쇄를 동반한 심수지 굴곡건 견열 골절의 치료
최혜연,김정환,노영주 대한수부외과학회 2020 대한수부외과학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Avulsion fracture of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon is relatively rare fracture at the distal phalangeal base than avulsion fracture of terminal extensor tendon. Terminal extensor avulsion fracture, known as bony mallet finger, could be successfully treated by closed reduction and pinning, such as extension block technique. However, most of FDP avulsion fracture, known as Jersey’s finger, needed open reduction, because of the proximal migration of fracture fragment and difficulty of pin fixation. Up to date, most of FDP avulsion fractures were treated by open reduction and fixation by pull-out suture or suture anchor technique. We report a case of comminuted FDP avulsion fracture, successfully treated by open reduction and mini-plate and screw fixation technique. 원위 지골에서의 심수지 굴곡건의 견열 골절은 종말 신전건의 견열 골절에 비해 상대적으로 드문 골절이다. 골성 추지 변형이라고도 불리는 종말 신전건의 견열 골절은 대부분 신전 제한 핀 고정술 등의 비관혈적 정복술 및 금속 고정술로 성공적으로 치료될 수 있다. 하지만, ‘Jersey finger’라고도 불리는 대부분의 심수지 굴곡건의 견열 골절은 골편의 근위부 전위 및 고정의 어려움 등으로 관혈적 정복술을 요하는 경우가 많다. 지금까지 대부분의 심수지 굴곡건 견열 골절은 pull-out suture 또는 suture anchor 등을 이용한 수술법으로 치료되었다. 저자들은, 분쇄를 동반한 심수지 굴곡건 견열 골절에 대해 초소형 금속판 및 나사를 이용하여 성공적으로 치료한 드문 증례를 보고하고자 한다.
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최혜연 대한뇌졸중학회 2003 Journal of stroke Vol.5 No.2
Apraxia of eyelid opening is a well-known and occasionally observed condition in the hemispheric lesions. However, apraxia of eyelid closure, which is characterized by difficulty in voluntary eyelids closing with normal blinkings, is very rare. We report a patient with moyamoya disease who developed eyelid closing apraxia accompanied by motor impersistence. Brain magnetic resonance imaging study showed recent infarctions in the bilateral frontal lobes and the right basal ganglia. The lesion of the bilateral frontal lobes was suggested to be responsible for the apraxia and motor impersistence of eyelid closing.
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특발성 호산구증가증후군 환자에서의 호산구성 뇌막염 1예
최혜연,박형준,원요섭,정준원,박수철 대한신경과학회 2005 대한신경과학회지 Vol.23 No.3
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) is a rare disease characterized by peripheral blood eosinophilia and eosinophilic infiltration of multiple organs, including the nervous system. The neurologic manifestations in hypereosinophilic syndrome are variable, but eosinophilic meningitis as a manifestation has not been well documented in IHES. We report a case of eosinophilic meningitis associated with IHES, which showed a good response to steroid treatment.
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