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Growth and Fruit Production of Asian Pear Trees Grown on Y-, T-, and Vase-training Systems
최장전,Mengmeng Gu,최진호,한점화,임선희,김윤경,정석규,최현석 한국원예학회 2014 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.55 No.1
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of training systems on growth and fruit production of‘Niitaka’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia L.) trees in the first 8 years in South Korea. The training systems included Y-trellis(YT), T-trellis (TT), and vase-pergola with either two (VP I) or three main branches (VP II). Tree spacing for YT,TT, VP I, and VP II were 6.5 m between tree rows, and 3.0, 6.0, 3.0, and 6.5 m between trees, respectively. TheTT trees had lower tree height, canopy area, and number of new shoots, average length of new shoots, and trunkcross sectional area as compared to those in other training systems in year 3 or year 8. The TT and VP II systemswere slow to fill the allotted space from year 3 to 8. The VP I trees had comparatively rapid development of thetree canopy, high cumulative yield efficiency per tree, high cumulative fruit yield per area, and large fruit size, aswell as low operation hours for orchard management. Fruit quality parameters, such as fruit shape, soluble solidscontent, firmness, and titratable acidity, were not consistently affected by training system in years 5 and 8.
신품종 ‘만풍배’ 유목의 수형별 수체 생육특성과 생산성 비교
최장전(Jang-Jeon Choi),최진호(Jin-Ho Choi),한점화(Jeom-Hwa Han),임순희(Sun-Hee Yim),정석규(Seok-Kyu Jung),최현석(Hyun-Sug Choi) 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.4
최근 국내에 상업적으로 유통되고 있는 ‘만풍배’ 배(Pyrus pyrifolia L.)나무 1년생을 재식(2001년)하여 정식 8년차까지 4가지 수형(Y자형, Y-II형, 평덕형, 평덕배상형)을 적용하여 남부지방에 적합한 수형을 제시하고자 본 시험을 수행하였다. Y자형과 평덕형은 수관점유율이 높게 형성되었고 8년차에는 70-80%의 점유율을 보였다. 8년간 주당 누적수량은 소식이면서 주지가 다른 수형보다 1개 더 많은 평덕배상형에서 가장 높았다. 재식 5년차와 8년차의 누적 수량이용효율은 Y-II형과 평덕형에서 높게 나타났다. 8년간 ha당 누적수량은 Y자형과 평덕형이 각각 103톤과 101톤으로 Y-II형과 평덕배상형보다 2배 가까이 높았다. 재식 8년차에 평덕형은 평균과중과 과육당도를 증가시켰고 순소득도 가장 높았다. Y자형과 평덕배상형은 전정량 증가에 의한 노동량 및 시간이 증가하여 생산성이 낮은 수형으로 평가되었다. One-year old pear (Pyrus pyrifolia L.) trees of a new commercial cultivar ‘Manpungbae’, recently developed in South Korea, were planted in 2001 (planting year 1) and trained to four trellis systems: Y-trellis, Y-II-trellis, pergola, and vase-pergola. To evaluate training systems in the local area (southern Korea), tree growth responses were compared for each trellis system from planting years 3 to 8. For trees trained to Y-trellis and pergola systems, a high proportion of land covered by tree canopy was maintained over the study duration, with 70–80% coverage in year 8. Eight-year cumulative yield per tree was increased in the vase-pergola system with a low planting density and an additional scaffold. Compared with other systems, cumulative yield use efficiency was greatest in Y-II-trellis and pergola systems in years 5 and 8. Compared with Y-II-trellis and vase-pergola systems, the 8-year cumulative yield per hectare was two fold greater for trees trained to the Y-trellis (103 tons) and pergola systems (101 tons). Use of the pergola system improved average fruit weight and fruit soluble solid contents, as well as net income in year 8. Given that we observed reduced fruit productivity and increased labor hours (pruning and orchard work), we consider the Y-trellis and pergola systems to be less valuable trellis systems than the others evaluated.
개화기의 고온과 식물생장조절제 처리에 의한 ‘신고’ 배의 유체과 발생
최장전(Jang Jeon Choi),최진호(Jin Ho Choi),한점화(Jeum Hwa Han),정상복(Sang Bouk Jeong),김월수(Wol-Soo Kim),이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee),김태춘(Tae-Choon Kim) 한국원예학회 2008 원예과학기술지 Vol.26 No.4
개화기 고온과 식물생장조절제 처리에 의한 ‘신고’ 배의 유체과 발생과 성숙기 과실 특성을 조사하였다. 화분에 식재된 7년생 ‘신고’ 배나무를 만개기로부터 9일 동안 주간온도를 18℃와 28℃로 고온처리하였을 때 유체과 발생률이 70.3%와 100%로 높았으며, 낙화기로부터 5일 동안 고온처리는 유체과 발생률이 낮았다. 개화기 고온처리는 수확기의 과실특성에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 15년생 ‘신고’ 배나무에 생장조정제를 만개기에 수관 살포한 결과 유체과 발생률은 NAA 25㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP> 처리에서 97.7%로 가장 높았으며, GA₄ 50㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP>, fulmet 10㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP> 그리고 BA 25㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP> 등에서는 각각 63.8, 48.9, 18.2%였다. 수확기 과중은 BA와 GA₄처리에서 가장 많이 증가되었고 L/D비는 Fulmet 처리에서 0.98로 가장 길었다. 따라서 유체과 발생은 개화기부터 수정이 이루어지는 과정의 고온과 수정과정에서 많이 발생하는 auxin류의 내생 호르몬 증가에 의해 촉진된다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of high temperature and plant growth regulator applications at flowering stage on the occurrence of calyx perpetual fruitlets in ‘Niitaka’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia). Occurrence of calyx perpetual fruitlet in potted 7-year-old tree was 70.3% in the treatment of 18℃ and 100% in the treatment of 28℃ for 9 days from full bloom stage. However, 5 days treatment of 18 and 28℃ from petal fall stage showed low occurrence of 0.0 and 6.7%, respectively. In field grown 15-year-old tree, by treating NAA 25 ㎎ L<SUP>-1</SUP>, GA₄ 50 ㎎ L<SUP>-1</SUP>, Fulmet 10 ㎎ L<SUP>-1</SUP>, and BA 25 ㎎ L<SUP>-1</SUP> at full bloom stage, occurrence of calyx perpetual fruitlet was produced 97.7, 63.8, 48.9 and 18.2%, respectively. Fruit weight was highly increased by treating BA 25 ㎎ L<SUP>-1</SUP> and GA4 50 ㎎ L<SUP>-1</SUP>, and L/D ratio was high at Fulmet 10 ㎎ L<SUP>-1</SUP>. Our results indicate that high temperature and increase of endogenous auxins at full bloom stage induce calyx perpetual fruitlet.