가속도계를 이용한 재료의 영계수 측정방법

손창호(Sohn, Chang-Ho),박진호(Park, Jin-Ho),윤두병(Yoon, Doo-Byung),정의필(Chong, Ui-Pil),최영철(Choi, Young-Chul) 한국소음진동공학회 2006 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.16 No.11

For the description of the elastic properties of linear objects a convenient parameter is the ratio of the stress to the strain, a parameter called the Young's modulus of the material. Young's modulus can be used to predict the elongation or compression of an object as long as the stress is less than the yield strength of the material. Conventional method for estimating Young's modulus measured the ratio of stress to corresponding strain below the proportional limit of a material using a tensile testing machine. But the method needs precision specimens and expensive equipment. In this paper, we proposed method for estimating Young's modulus using accelerometer. The basic idea comes from that the wave velocity is different as the Young's modulus. To obtain Young's modulus, a group velocity is obtained. It is difficult to measure group velocity. This is because plate medium has a dispersive characteristics which has different wave speed as frequency. In this paper, we used Wigner-Ville distribution to measure group velocity. To verify the proposed method, steel and acryl plate experiments have been performed. Experimental results show that the proposed method is powerful for estimating Young's modulus.

Survey on Insect Fauna and Role of Insect Gardens for Ecotourism

최영철,김종길,최지영,김원태,박해철,황석조,정길상,Choi, Young-Cheol,Kim, Jong-Gill,Choi, Ji-Young,Kim, Won-Tae,Park, Hae-Chul,Hwang, Seok-Jo,Jeong, Gil-Sang Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2009 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.48 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate insect fauna in the four insect garden sites of Suwon, Yeongyang, Buyeo and Yecheon from 2005 to 2007. Seasonal population size of insects was largest from June to August in all the four sites. In the four sites, Coleopteran insects were dominant followed by Hemiptera and Orthoptera. Unique education/learning programs are successfully run at the insect gardens based on the three geographic types (i.e. urban, mountainous and rural). These activities will help preserve insect biodiversity in the area and visitors better understand life forms such as insects found in the areas. 본 연구는 2005년부터 2007년까지 수원, 영양, 부여와 예천의 곤충 생태원 부지에서 곤충강의 다양성을 조사하였다. 월별 곤충 개체군 크기는 6월부터 8월에 네 조사구역 모두에서 가장 컸다. 전체적으로 딱정벌레목의 곤충이 가장 많이 채집되었으며, 노린재목과 메뚜기목의 곤충이 뒤를 이었다. 각 곤충생태원은 지리적 특색에 맞는 고유한 교육프로그램을 운영하고 있었다. 이러한 연구와 생태원의 활동은 그 지역의 곤충과 같은 생물의 다양성을 보존하고 관람객에게 인식시키는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다.

Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be 합금으로 제조된 상용 골프클럽헤드의 부위별 물리적 특성 및 기계적 거동

최영철,홍순익,Choi, Young-Chul,Hong, Sun-Ig 한국재료학회 2005 한국재료학회지 Vol.15 No.11

The deformation behavior of a bulk amorphous and crystallized amorphous $Zr_{22.5}Ti_{14}Cu_{12.5}Ni_{10}Be_{22.5}$ alloy extracted from a commercial golf club head was characterized at room temperature ana $300^{\circ}C$. At room temperature, amorphous specimens revealed higher yield stress and ductility than partially crystallized alloy specimens. Amorphous alloy displayed some plasticity before fracture, which resulted from strain hardening and repeated crack initiation and propagation. The fracture is mainly localized on one major shear band, and the compressive fracture angle of the amorphous specimen between the stress axis and the fracture plane was about $40^{\circ}$ Scanning electron microscope observations revealed mainly a vein-like structure in the amorphous alloy But the fracture surface of partially crystallized amorphous alloy consisted of vein-like and featureless fracture structure. The partially crystallized alloy extracted from the thick part of the club fractured in the elastic region, at a much lower stress level than the amorphous, suggesting that relatively coarse crystal particles formed during cooling cause the brittle fracture.

Optimization of the ${\beta}$-galactosidase Polypeptide Length for the Overproduction of Fusion Proteins in E. coli.

최영철,이상철,한문희,유명희,Choi, Young-Chul,Lee, Sang-Chul,Han, Moon-H.,Yu, Myeong-Hee 생화학분자생물학회 1988 한국생화학회지 Vol.21 No.1

대장균 내에서 융합단백질을 다량 생산하기 위한 발현벡터들이 개발되었다. 이들 플라스미드 벡터들은 tac 전사활성화 서열, 베타갈락토시다제의 아미노 말단을 코우드하는 뉴클레오티드 서열 그리고 그의 3'말단에 클로닝 부위로서 폴리링커를 지니고 있다. 대장균 MC1061 균주를 이들 플라스마드로 형질전환 시키고 재조합 단백질의 생산을 유도하였을 때 절단된 베타갈락토시다제 폴리펩티드의 양은 전체 세포단백질의 25-60% 정도가 되었다. 이렇게 생산된 재조합 단백질들은 세포내에서 함유체 (inclusion body) 상태로 축적되었다. 이들 플라스미드에 의해 생산되는 폴리펩티드의 수율을 조사하였을 때 길이가 짧을수록 수율이 올라감을 알 수 있었는데, 길이가 280개 아미노산 정도일 때 최대의 수율(60%)을 나타냈다. 하지만 pCT30 플라스미드에서와 같이 길이가 200개 아미노산 정도로 너무 짧아지면, 수율이 현저하게 감소하였다. 이 pCT30 플라스미드의 베타갈락토시다제 서열의 3'말단에 간염 바이러스의 pre-S2 서열을 연결시켜, 생산되는 융합 폴리펩티드 길이를 260개 아미노산으로 늘어나게 하였을 때 융합 단백질의 수율은 다시 총 세포 단백질의 50% 이상으로 증가하였다. Plasmid vectors for cloning and directing the synthesis of large amounts of fusion proteins in E. coli were constructed. These plasmids carried tac promoter, the coding sequence of amino terminal portion of ${\beta}$-galactosidase, and the polylinker region at the 3'-end of truncated lacZ. When E. coli MC1061 cells were transformed with these plasmids, 25-60% of the total cellular proteins were represented by the lacZ polypeptides. The overproduced proteins formed inclusion bodies inside the cells. When the amounts of recombinant proteins produced by these plasmids were examined, the higher yield was observed with those of shorter lacZ polypeptides. The length of recombinant polypeptide with the maximum yield (60%) was about 280 amino acids long. However, when the length of ${\beta}$-galactosidase decreased to 200 residues as in pCT30 vector, the yield of recombinant proteins decreased dramatically. When the length of polypeptide increased again to 260 residues by fusing pre-S2 sequence of hepatitis B virus to lacZ sequence in pCT30, the yield of fusion polypeptides increased to over 50% of total cellular proteins.

Expression of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Gene in E. coli

최영철,김지영,유명희,한문희,Choi, Young-Chul,Kim, Ji-Young,Yu, Myeong-Hee,Han, Moon-H. 생화학분자생물학회 1986 한국생화학회지 Vol.19 No.4

간염 B형 바이러스의 표면항원 유전자중에서 S부위, pre-S2와 S부위 그리고 $\beta$-galactosidase의 일부와 연결된 pre-S2 부위를 포함하는 세가지의 유전자 서열들을 lac promoter의 조절하에 대장균 내에서 발현시켰다. S부위를 포함하는 HBsAg 유전자가 E. coli HB101균주 내에서 지속적으로 발현될 경우에는 재조합 균주의 성장이 심하게 억제되었다. 그러나, $\alpha$-peptide ($\beta$-galactosidase의 N-말단부위)와 연결된 pre-S2 부위의 지속적인 발현은 E. coli HB101균주의 성장에 해로운 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한, pre-S2 융합단백질의 항원성은 conformation과 무관한 것으로 나타났다. 2-mercaptoethanol 또는 2-mercaptoethanol/SDS의 처리후에도 항원성이 보존되었다. Three different HBsAg sequences encoding for S region, pre-S2 plus S region, and pre-S2 fused with a portion of $\beta$-galactosidase have been expressed in E. coli under the control of lac promoter. When the S region containing HBsAg genes were expressed constitutively in E. coli HB101, the growth inhibition of recombinant cells was observed. However, the constitutive expression of pre-S2 fused with $\alpha$-peptide (N-terminal portion of $\beta$-galactosidase) was not detrimental to the E. coli HB101 cells. The antigenicity of the hybrid pre-S2 protein seems to be conformation-independent: treatment of 2-mercaptoethanol or 2-mercaptoethanol/SDS did not abolish the antigenicity.

Expression of a DNA Sequence Encoding for the Pre-S2 Region of Hepatitis B Virus in E. coli

최영철,김지영,유명희,한문희,Choi, Young-Chul,Kim, Ji-Young,Yu, Myeong-Hee,Han, Moon-H. 생화학분자생물학회 1986 한국생화학회지 Vol.19 No.4

간염 B형 바이러스의 pre-S2 부위를 포함하는 DNA 서열을 pORF1 플라스미드의 ompF와 lacZ 유전자 사이에 끼워 넣어 pHBSC20 재조합 플라스미드를 제조하였다. 플라스미드 pHBSC20를 갖는 E. coli TK1046 균주내에서 OmpF와 $\beta$-galactosidase사이에 pre-S2 부위를 갖는 "tribrid" 단백질이 생성되었다. 이 융합단백질은 SDS-polyacrylamide gel 전기영동에 의해 확인되었고 pre-S2 부위의 항원성은 immunoblot 분석방법에 의해 확인되었다. 융합단백질의 양은 Coomassie blue로 염색한 gel을 densitometer로 측정한 결과 전체 박테리아 단백질중 1-5%를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 pHBSC20 플라스미드를 갖는 박테리아는 pre-S2-$\beta$-galactosidase 융합 단백질을 다량 만들어 낼 수 있으며 이 중에서 pre-S2 부위는 HBV 백신을 생산하는데 유용할 것으로 보인다. A DNA sequence involving pre-S2 region of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was inserted between ompF and lacZ gene of the plasmid pORF1 to give a recombinant plasmid pHBSC20. In the plasmid pHBSC20 harboring E. coli TK1046 cells, a "tribrid" protein with the translation product of the insert sandwiched between OmpF and $\beta$-galactosidase was produced. The fusion protein was detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the antigenicity of the pre-S2 region was determined by immunoblot analysis. The amount of the fusion protein was estimated as much as 1-5% of the total bacterial protein by densitometric scanning of the Coomassie blue-stained gel. Thus, bacteria transformed with pHBSC20 can provide abundant source of pre-S2-$\beta$-galactosidase fusion protein in which the pre-S2 region may be useful for the production of HBV vaccine.

조선후기(朝鮮後期) 감영(監營) 중심축(中心軸)의 구성(構成)과 직제별(職制別) 상관성(相關性)에 관한 연구(硏究)

최영철,박언곤,Choi, Young-Chul,Park, Eon-Kon 한국건축역사학회 1994 건축역사연구 Vol.3 No.2

The KAMYOUNG is the supreme local government office in CHOSEON dynasty. This study aims to propose the new methodology on research of local government office's prototype in CHOSEON dynasty. Especially this study is the zoning plan of the KAMYOUNG in the late CHOSEON dynasty, It is meant to present the first trial that pursue to total frame of local government in CHOSEON dynasty through the new methodology. The 18th century is the transitional era when the system of norm was deconstructed. The institution and organization of the supreme lacal government office(KAMYOUNG) was united nationwidely and at the same time its deconstruction was carried out in the 18th century. The domain of the governer has fixed in the 18th century, though the scale of 街e KAMYOUNG was enlarged. These domain expressed a strong symbolization according to hierarchy in exterior appearance of the traditional architecture. With the entire execution of a local government coming soon, the concerns about the localization have been increased rapidly. Under this time situation, as the discussion centered on the creation or change of the local self-governing community, so the concerns regarding the traditional aspects of a local government office have been increasing. Hower, without the recognition of this history, as the research of these existing historical materials has been progressed, so the misunderstanding is still left. Especially, because the government office of CHOSEON is a Confucian nation thinking much of a hierarchy based on Yae - Jae, the hierarchy of this architecture has a deep correlation with the organization of an office. The method of this study is like following: Firstly, prescribed characteristic of KAMYOUNG tough syudys of hierarchy in a local government system, human and material composition. secondly, as the changing progress of KAMYOUNG is compared and analyzed with organization of an office in the center. So characteristics of KAMYOUNG are abstracted. And finally, from this, the interpretation methodology of KAMYOUNG is revealed, with a deep correlation between specific characters of organization and architectural structurals. And also, with these methodologies, the interpretation method of the local government office and normative frame in CHOSEON dynasty are suggested.

대장균에서 융합단백질의 대량생산을 위한 베타갈락토시다제 폴리펩티드 길이의 최적화

최영철,이상철,한문희,유명희 ( Young Chul Choi,Sang Chul Lee,Moon H . Han,Myeong Hee Y ) 생화학분자생물학회 1988 BMB Reports Vol.21 No.1

Plasmid vectors for cloning and directing the synthesis of large amounts of fusion proteins in E. coli were constructed. These plasmids carried tac promoter, the coding sequence of amino terminal portion of β-galactosidase, and the polylinker region at the 3`-end of truncated lacZ. When E. coli MC1061 cells were transformed with these plasmids, 25-60% of the total cellular proteins were represented by the lacZ polypeptides. The overproduced proteins formed inclusion bodies inside the cells. When the amounts of recombinant proteins produced by these plasmids were examined, the higher yield was observed with those of shorter lacZ polypeptides. The length of recombinant polypeptide with the maximum yield (60%) was about 280 amino acids long. However, when the length of β-galactosidase decreased to 200 residues as in pCT30 vector, the yield of recombinant proteins decreased dramatically. When the length of polypeptide increased again to 260 residues by fusing pre-S2 sequence of hepatitis B virus to lacZ sequence in pCT30, the yield of fusion polypeptides increased to over 50% of total cellular proteins.

감염 B 형 바이러스의 pre - S2 부위를 code 하는 DNA 서열의 대장균내 발현

최영철,김지영,유명희,한문희 ( Young Chul Choi,Ji Young Kim,Myeong Hee Yu,Moon H . Han ) 생화학분자생물학회 1986 BMB Reports Vol.19 No.4

A DNA sequence involving pre-S2 region of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was inserted between ompF and lacZ gene of the plasmid pORF1 to give a recombinant plasmid pHBSC20. In the plasmid pHBSC20 harboring E. coli TK1046 cells, a $quot;tribrid$quot; protein with the translation product of the insert sandwiched between OmpF and β-galactosidase was produced. The fusion protein was detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the antigenicity of the pre-S2 region was determined by immunoblot analysis. The amount of the fusion protein was estimated as much as 1-596 of the total bacterial protein by densitometric scanning of the Coomassie blue-stained gel. Thus, bacteria transformed with pHBSC20 can provide abundant source of pre-S2-β-galactosidase fusion protein in which the pre-S2 region may be useful for the production of HBV vaccine.

고성능 하이볼륨 슬래그 시멘트 페이스트의 고로슬래그 미분말 분말도에 따른 수화 및 강도 특성

최영철,신동철,황철성,Choi, Young Cheol,Shin, Dongcheol,Hwang, Chul-Sung 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2017 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집 Vol.21 No.5

최근 온실가스 감축을 위해 시멘트 클링커를 대체하여 고로슬래그 미분말을 다량 치환한 하이볼륨 슬래그 시멘트에 대한 연구 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만, 수화열 및 내구성 등 다양한 장점에도 불구하고 초기 재령에서의 낮은 강도 발현 등의 문제점으로 인해 실제 현장의 적용에 한계점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 점을 극복하고자 GGBFS 혼입률에 따른 페이스트의 압축강도, 수화열 등의 특성을 분석하였다. GGBS 분말도에 따른 4종류와 치환율 35%, 50%, 65%, 80% 4수준으로 하여 총 16개의 배합에 대해 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과 낮은 물-바인더 비에 의한 고성능 하이볼륨 슬래그 시멘트 페이스트 배합은 초기 재령에서의 낮은 압축강도의 한계점을 극복할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 GGBS의 분말도는 고성능 하이볼륨 슬래그 시멘트 페이스트의 초기 재령에서의 압축강도 증진에는 효과가 있지만, 28일 이후의 장기 강도에는 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. Recently, lots of researches on concrete with high volume mineral admixtures such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS) have been carried out to reduce greenhouse gas. The high volume GGBS concrete has advantages such as low heat, high durability, but it has a limitation in practical field application, especially low strength development in early ages. This study investigated the compressive strength and hydration characteristics of high performanc and volume GGBS cement pastes with low water to binder ratio. The effects of fineness($4,330cm^2/g$, $5,320cm^2/g$, $6,450cm^2/g$, $7650cm^2/g$) and replacement(35%, 50%, 65%, 80%) of GGBS on the compressive strength, setting and heat of hydration were analyzed. Experimental results show that the combination of high volume slag cement paste with low water to binder ratio and high fineness GGBS powder can improve the compressive strength at early ages.