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국어 단모음 /에/와 /애/의 세대와 성별 차이에 대한 음성학적 연구 -서울 지역을 중심으로
최상홍 반교어문학회 2006 泮橋語文硏究 Vol.0 No.21
This paper investigates differences among generations and genders in the vowel system of the Seoul area in terms of F1 and F2 of the monophthong /에/ and /애/. The study shows that there is no difference between genders, but it shows a clear difference between generations. When pronouncing /에/ and /애/, older generation distinguishes monophthong /에/ from /애/, but younger generation does not. 이 논문의 목적은 서울지역 모음 체계에서 단모음 /에/와 /애/의 포먼트 F1과 F2를 통해 세대 간, 성별 간에 나타나는 차이를 고찰하는 것이다. 논의의 결과 서울 지역에서 단모음 /에/와 /애/를 발음할 때 성별 간에는 차이가 없으나, 세대 간에는 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 젊은 세대는 단모음 /에/와 /애/를 변별하여 발음하지 못하지만 노년 세대는 단모음 /에/와 /애/를 변별하여 발음하고 있다.
직장암 환자에서 직장절제 후 직선 문합, 결장성형술, J형 결장저장낭을 이용한 문합 방법의 비교
최상홍,이승현,안병권,백승언 대한대장항문학회 2009 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.25 No.2
Purpose: Colonic pouches have been used to improve the reservoir function of the neorectrum after a ultra-low anterior resection for treatment of rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and the functional outcome between a straight anastomosis, an anastomosis using coloplasty, and that using a colonic J-pouch in patients who had undergone an ultralow anterior resection. Methods: From 2004 through 2006, 60 patients underwent a coloanal straight (straight group: n=23), coloplasty (coloplasty group: n=19), or colonic J-pouch (J-pouch group: n=18) anastomosis to the anal canal after a total mesorectal excision of the rectal cancer. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of those patients for clinical outcomes according to the reservoir type. The median follow-up interval was 23.7 (4.4-40.9) mo. Results: The anastomotic leakage rate was higher in the coloplasty group (21.1%) than in the straight group (8.7%) or in the J-pouch group (0%), but the difference was not significant (P=0.1). The mean number of bowel movements per day was significantly lower in the coloplasty group (3.6) and in the pouch group (3.1) than in the straight group (6.2) (P=0.015). No statistically significant differences were found among the three groups regarding other functional outcomes, including use of antidiarrheal drugs (P=0.971), gas incontinence (P=0.256), fecal incontinence (P=0.544), use of pads (P=0.782), difficulty of evacuation (P=0.496), and use of enemas (P=0.712). Conclusion: Reconstruction with a coloplasty or a colonic J-pouch in patients undergoing a low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis after rectal cancer surgery seems to decrease the number of daily bowel movements compared to a straight anastomosis. However, the anastomotic leakage rate of coloplasty group was higher than that of the straight-anastomosis group. Purpose: Colonic pouches have been used to improve the reservoir function of the neorectrum after a ultra-low anterior resection for treatment of rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and the functional outcome between a straight anastomosis, an anastomosis using coloplasty, and that using a colonic J-pouch in patients who had undergone an ultralow anterior resection. Methods: From 2004 through 2006, 60 patients underwent a coloanal straight (straight group: n=23), coloplasty (coloplasty group: n=19), or colonic J-pouch (J-pouch group: n=18) anastomosis to the anal canal after a total mesorectal excision of the rectal cancer. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of those patients for clinical outcomes according to the reservoir type. The median follow-up interval was 23.7 (4.4-40.9) mo. Results: The anastomotic leakage rate was higher in the coloplasty group (21.1%) than in the straight group (8.7%) or in the J-pouch group (0%), but the difference was not significant (P=0.1). The mean number of bowel movements per day was significantly lower in the coloplasty group (3.6) and in the pouch group (3.1) than in the straight group (6.2) (P=0.015). No statistically significant differences were found among the three groups regarding other functional outcomes, including use of antidiarrheal drugs (P=0.971), gas incontinence (P=0.256), fecal incontinence (P=0.544), use of pads (P=0.782), difficulty of evacuation (P=0.496), and use of enemas (P=0.712). Conclusion: Reconstruction with a coloplasty or a colonic J-pouch in patients undergoing a low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis after rectal cancer surgery seems to decrease the number of daily bowel movements compared to a straight anastomosis. However, the anastomotic leakage rate of coloplasty group was higher than that of the straight-anastomosis group.