의약분업에 따른 약국 한약 활성화에 대한 조사 연구

최병철,김지인,손의동,Choi, Byung-Chul,Kim, Ji-In,Sohn, Uy-Dong 대한약학회 2008 약학회지 Vol.52 No.6

The purpose of this study is to investigate the best way that Oriental medicine contributes for activation of pharmacy management after the separation of prescribing and dispensing practice since July 2000. In order to investigate current pharmacy conditions for handling of Oriental medicine and many problems for administering the Oriental medicine to patients, a questionnaire was written with a list of questions related to pharmacy management with Oriental medicine, and given to 58 subjects via fax or personal visit during the period of April 21 to 30, 2003. The research results was as follows; In th 58 subjects, 45 subjects (77.6%) were pharmacists with a licence for dispensing Oriental medicine. 70.7% of subjects most likely preferred to extract granule as administering type of oriental medicine. About the motivation using Oriental medicine, the reason for activation of pharmacy management was 39.7%, second, the reason for resolving the limitation of treatment over western medicine was 25.9%. Oriental medicine for patients was mainly administered by recommendation with pharmacist (65.5%). In comparison with after and before the separation of prescribing and dispensing, 51.7% of subjects answered that sale volume was decreased after the separation. Concerning the ratio of total sales volume to Oriental medicine within 5 years, 50% of subjects expected that sales volume will increase positively. About treating Oriental medcine, 34.5% of subjects thought the problem is the regulation by limiting 100 kinds of formulary. The most important factor for increasing Oriental medicine selling amount was continueous education for various information of oriental medicine in case of 44.8% of sujects. The best pharmacy to handle oriental medicine was community pharmacy (36.2%). It was expressed the reason why many pharmacists have not been treated oriental medicine because lots of time needs for dispensing prescription from clinics in these 4 years after the separation of prescribing and dispensing. These results lead to the conclusion that the Oriental medicine at pharmacy will greatly increase within 5 years and will be very important portion for pharmacy management.

Ni, Ru-ZSM-5를 첨가한 NSR 촉매의 NOx 정화 특성

최병철,이춘희,정종우,Choi, Byung-Chul,Lee, Choon-Hee,Jeong, Jong-Woo 한국자동차공학회 2007 한국 자동차공학회논문집 Vol.15 No.5

In this study, we investigated the conversion performance of de-NOx catalyst for lean-burn natural gas engine. As a de-NOx catalyst, NOx storage reduction catalyst was composed of Pt, Pd and Rh with washcoat including Ba and Ni, Ru-ZSM-5. Ni, Ru-ZSM-5, which was regarded as a NOx direct decomposition catalyst, was made up of ion exchanged ZSM-5 by 5wt.% Ni or Ru. The performance of de-NOx catalyst was evaluated by NOx storage capacity and catalytic reduction in air/fuel, $\lambda=1.6$. The catalytic reaction was also observed when the added fuel was supplied to fuel rich atmosphere by fuel spike period of 5 seconds. The NOx conversion of the catalysts with Ni-ZSM-5 or Ru-ZSM-5 was mainly caused by the effect of NOx adsorption of Ba rather than the catalytic reduction of Ni, Ru-ZSM-5. Ni, Ru-ZSM-5 catalysts can not use for the NSR catalyst because they have quick process in thermal deactivation.

Raw 264.7 세포에서 유해산소 생성에 미치는 Caffeic Acid의 영향

최병철,Choi, Byung-Chul 대한약학회 2008 약학회지 Vol.52 No.6

To investigate effect of caffeic acid on the intracellular reactive oxygen species production, we used DHE for intracellular superoxide anion production, DCF for intracellular ${H_2}{O_2}$ production and DHR for intracellular hydroperoxide production in Raw 264.7 cells. DPPH assay showed that antioxidant activity of caffeic acid with 39.5 ${\mu}M$ of ${IC}_{50}$ values was similar to that of ascorbic acid with 41.3 ${\mu}M$ of ${IC}_{50}$ values. Caffeic acid dose-dependently inhibited silica-induced ${H_2}{O_2}$ and hydroperoxide production but did not affect superoxide anion production in Raw 264.7 cells, which suggest that antioxidant effect of caffeic acid acts on the post-step of superoxide anion. On the other hand, caffeic acid showed a potent antioxidant effect in $lCuSO_4$-induced lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, plasma superoxide dismutase activity (3.43${\pm}$0.23 U/ml) in 10 mg/kg caffeic acid-fed mice was significantly higher than that (2.32${\pm}$0.24 U/ml) of control. From the above results, it is referred that caffeic acid appears to have potent anti-oxidant activity in both cell system and in vivo system.

메탄의 대향류 확산화염에 대한 AC 전기장의 영향

최병철,김형국,정석호,Choi, Byung-Chul,Kim, Hyung-Kuk,Chung, Suk-Ho 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회논문집 Vol.36 No.8

대향류 버너에서 질소로 희석시킨 메탄 연료의 확산화염에 대하여 AC 전기장을 인가하여 전압크기 및 주파수 변화에 의한 영향을 실험적으로 조사하였다. 그 결과, 임계주파수를 초과하는 AC 주파수 영역에서 안정한 확산화염이 나타났으며, 인가된 AC 전압크기의 증가에 따라 그 임계주파수는 증가하다가 약 35Hz 로 일정한 값을 보였다. 반면에, 임계주파수 미만의 AC 주파수 영역에서, 그 확산화염은 인가된 AC 주파수에 동기되어 진동하였다. 화염지역 내에 양이온들은 로렌츠 힘에 의하여 가속되고, 그 양이온과 중성자 간의 분자단위의 충돌에 의한 운동량의 전달에 의해 전체적인 유동장의 변화가 발생하는데, 이러한 이온풍의 효과에 의하여 화염의 진동 현상이 나타날 수 있다. The effect of electric fields on the response of diffusion flames in a counterflow has been investigated experimentally by varying the AC voltage and frequency. The result showed that the flame was stationary with high AC frequency above the threshold frequency, and it increased with the applied voltage and then leveled off at 35 Hz. Below the threshold frequency, however, the flame oscillated with a frequency that was synchronized with the applied AC frequency. This oscillation can be attributed to the ionic wind effect due to the generation of bulk flow, which arises from the momentum transfer by molecular collisions between neutral molecules and ions, where the ions in the reaction zone were accelerated by the Lorentz force.

의약분업후 건강기능성식품이 약국경영에 미치는 영향

최병철,강효숙,곽현수,손의동,Choi, Byung-Chul,Kang, Hyo-Sook,Kwak, Hyun-Soo,Sohn, Uy-Dong 대한약학회 2009 약학회지 Vol.53 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the best way that health functional food contributes the diversification of pharmacy management at the new point after the separation of prescribing and dispensing practice. In the question of the number of prescription paper, it was more than 200 papers (18.9%), next 100 papers (11.3%). In case of daily total sales volume except prescription fee, it was more than 1,000,000won (28.3%). About the motivation using health functional food, the reason for activation of pharmacy management was 66%. The selling method was mainly by pharmacist recommendation and consumer's need. In comparison with after and before the separation of prescribing and dispensing, more than 60% of subjects answered that sales volume was decreased and no changed. Concerning the ratio of total sales volume to health functional food within 5 years, 66% of subjects expected that it will be increased positively. The type of best pharmacy to handle health functional food was community pharmacy. These results suggest that the handling of health functional food by pharmacist will greatly increase in near futures and will be very important portion for pharmacy management.

스퍼터링 타겟용 저온 분사 Cu-15 at.%Ga 코팅 소재의 특성에 미치는 열처리 분위기의 영향

최병철,박동용,김형준,오익현,이기안,Choi, Byung-Chul,Park, Dong-Yong,Kim, Hyung-Jun,Oh, Ik-Hyun,Lee, Kee-Ahn 한국분말야금학회 2011 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.18 No.6

This study attempted to manufacture a Cu-15 at.%Ga coating layer via the cold spray process and investigated the effect of heat treatment environment on the properties of cold sprayed coating material. Three kinds of heat treatment environments, $5%H_2$+argon, pure argon, and vacuum were used in this study. Annealing treatments were conducted at $200{\sim}800^{\circ}C$/1 hr. With the cold sprayed coating layer, pure ${\alpha}$-Cu and small amounts of $Ga_2O_3$ were detected in the XRD, EDS, EPMA analyses. Porosity significantly decreased and hardness also decreased with increasing annealing temperature. The inhomogeneous dendritic microstructure of cold sprayed coating material changed to the homogeneous and dense one (microstructural evolution) with annealing heat treatment. Oxides near the interface of particles could be reduced by heat treatment especially in vacuum and argon environments. Vacuum environment during heat treatment was suggested to be most effective one to improve the densification and purification properties of cold sprayed Cu-15 at.%Ga coating material.

메탄의 촉매반응에 의한 포름알데히드 및 N₂O의 생성특성

최병철(Byung-Chul CHOI) 한국자동차공학회 1994 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Experiments have been conducted to investigate the characteristics of formaldehyde and nitrous oxide formation from the catalytic reaction to methane. Catalysts used in the experiment were Pd, Pd/Pt/Rh loaded on r-Al₂o₃ and r-Al₂o₃-La₂o₃ monolith. In the catalytic reaction of methane, as the concentration of NO, o₂ and CH₄ increased, the formaldehyde emission was increased. The concentration of N₂o increased as NO and CO increased. It was also found that the formaldehyde emission was produced by the gas reaction of methane in high temperatures above 950 K<br/>

레스베라트롤이 니페디핀의 약물동태에 미치는 영향

최병철(Byung-Chul Choi),최준식(Jun Shik Choi) 대한약학회 2010 약학회지 Vol.54 No.4

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters of nifedipine were measured after the oral administration of nifenipine (6 mg/kg) in the presence or absence of resveratrol (0.5, 2.5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively). The effect of resveratrol on the P-glycoprotein (P-gp), CYP 3A4 activity was also evaluated. Resveratrol inhibited CYP3A4 enzyme activity in a concentration-dependent manner with 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.94 μM. In addition, resveratrol significantly enhanced the cellular accumulation of rhodamine 123 in MCF-7/ADR cells overexpressing P-gp. Compared to the control groups, the presence of 2.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of resveratrol significantly (p<0.05, p<0.01) increased the area under the plasma concentrationtime curve (AUC) of nifedipine by 49~75%, and the peak concentration (Cmax) of nifedipine by 48~66%. The absolute bioavailability (AB%) of nifedipine was significantly (p<0.05) increased by 22.9-34.8% compared to the control (19.8%). The terminal half-life (T1/2) of nifedipine was significantly (p<0.05) increased compared to the control. While there was no significant change in the time to reach the peak plasma concentration (Tmax) of nifedipine in the presence of resveratrol. It might be suggested that resveratrol altered disposition of nifedipine by inhibition of both the CYP3A and P-glycoprotein efflux pump in the small intestine of rats. In conclusion, the presence of resveratrol significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of nifedipine, suggesting that concurrent use of resveratrol or resveratrol-containing dietary supplenment with nifedipine should require close monitoring for potential drug interation.

설사(泄瀉)의 병인병기(病因病機)에 관한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察)

최병철 ( Byung Chul Choi ),안택원 ( Tack Won An ) 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2007 혜화의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

ATF 모델을 사용한 후향계단 뒤에 안정화된 희박난류예혼합화염의 대와동모사

최병철(Byung Chul Choi) 한국연소학회 2022 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.2022 No.11