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      • KCI등재

        북한의 어음연구

        최명옥 서울대학교 어학연구소 1992 語學硏究 Vol.28 No.3

        The purpose of dialect research in North Korea changed drastically around the mid-1960s. Up until that time, such research was generally carried out following Marx-Leninist linguistic principles, in order to discover the history and development of the Korean language and the linguistic laws that affected this development, to standardize the language, and to do geographical linguistic research through the systematic research of individual dialects. Starting in the late 1960s, however, dialect research broke with previous trends and began to be performed for the purpose of developing and promulgating the "Cultured Language" and of improving society's use of language in general. Among actual dialect research, the percentage taken up by systematic research of individual dialects is extremely small, the majority being phonological in nature. The phonological research tends to concentrate on historical change occuring within morphemes, and phonetic matters, while contemporary alternation appearing on morpheme boundary is hardly discussed at all. Thus historical phenomena are the main concern in all fields of dialect research. One notable aspect of North Korean dialect research is the fact that there are several works that compare and contrast dialects of the entire country. There are seven major differences between dialect research in North and South Korea: 1) The distinction between historical and contemporary phenomena. 2) Research on phonological phenomena of morpheme boundary. 3) Investigation of the syntactic function of morphemes. 4) Systematic research into individual dialects. 5) Comparative/contrastive research into dialects of the entire country. 6) Geographical linguistic research into dialects of large or national scope. 7) Dialect boundaries. Of these, South Korean research is weak in areas 5-7, and North Korean research generally in area 1-4, 6 and 7. In order to reconcile the differences between North and South dialect research, each will have to supplement and correct those areas in which it is weak.

      • KCI등재

        한국어 형태론의 문제점과 그 대안

        최명옥 서강대학교 인문과학연구소 2007 서강인문논총 Vol.22 No.-

        이 논문은 구조주의 형태론Structural Morphology과 생성형태론Generative Morphology 을 바탕으로 한 한국어 형태론의 문제점에 대해서 논의하고 한국어 형태론에 대한 필자의 견해를 제시함을 목적으로 한다. 이 논문에서 제시한 한국어 형태론에 대한 필자의 견해는 다음과 같다. ‘파생어’나 ‘합성어’ 등을 포함한 모든 단어는 역사적인 산물이므로 모두 어휘부에 등재되어 있다고 해야 한다. 그러므로 한국어 형태론은 공시형태론Synchronic Morphology과 통시형태론Diachronic Morphology(또는 역사형태론Historical Morphology)으로 구분하는 것이 좋다. 공시형태론에서는 ‘활용conjugation’과 ‘곡용declension’에 관여하는 언어요소들linguistic elements이, 통시형태론에서는 단어를 구성하는 언어요소들이 논의의 대상이 되어야 한다. 단어는 모두 공시형태소synchronic morpheme에 속하며 단어의 구성요소들은 모두 통시형태소diachronic morpheme에 속한다. 그리고 형태소는 그것의 이형태allomorph를 합리적으로 도출할 수 있는 단일형unique form으로 표시되어야 한다. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problems with Korean morphology, which is based on structural morphology and generative morphology, and to show my opinions as a suitable alternative. The point I want to make is that every words including 'derivative' and ‘compound’ words are to be registered in lexicon, because words are historical products. Therefore, I propose to devide Korean morphology into two branches; Synchronic Morphology and Diachronic Morphology (or Historical Morphology). In synchronic morphology, the object of study should be the linguistic elements participated in conjugation and declension, and in diachronic morphology, it should be the linguistic elements forming words. All words belong to synchronic morpheme and all word formative elements belong to diachronic morpheme. In addition, a morpheme must be represented as a unique form from which derived its allomorphs reasonably.

      • KCI등재

        變則動詞의 音韻現象에 대하여 : li-, l??-, ε(j??)-, h-變則動詞를 中心으로 li-, l??-, ε(j??)-, and h-Irregular Verbs

        崔明玉 서울대학교 어학연구소 1988 語學硏究 Vol.24 No.1

        Irregular verbs in Korean can be divided into two different kinds in terms of historical development. One kind―i.e., p-, s-, t-irregular verbs―had been formed as the result of the stem restructuring which was caused by the change of consonant system. The other kind―i.e., l??-, l??-,ε(j??)-, h-irregular verbs―had developed in course of the stem restructuring which had responded to phonological or morphological change. I already examined the former case in another paper (Choi 1985); so, my focus here is only on the phonological phenomena of the latter case. Chapter Ⅱ surveys critically previous studies on Korean irregular verbs and suggests a few major problems of them. My conclusion is that all the previous attempts to explain the phonological phenomena of this type of irregular verbs are inappropriate, because they try to explain them on the basis of the unique underlying form and the phonological rules. Chapter Ⅲ studies how this type of irregular verbs had developed and what is its nature, in a new perspective, concerning linguistic history and contemporary dialects. A major credit of this study is the discovery that this type had developed through the different way of stem restructuring resulting from the difference in the initial segment of ending. Alternants of those irregular verbs should be, therefore, identified as lexicalized alternants and registered to the lexicon of base component. And the phonetical realization of the combination of lexicalized alternants and certain endings constitutes the basic nature of phonological phenomena of this type of irregular verbs. Chapter Ⅳ is an analytic proposal on its phonological phenomena. That is, the underlying forms of l??-, l??-, ε-, h-irregular verbs are respectively identified as /X{l??-ll??}-/, /Xl??{Ø-l}-/, /(X)h{a-ε}-/, and /X{Ah-A-ε}-/. Various alternants constituting those underlying forms are derived from the following rules: a. l??-egular: ?? l?? ??→?? l??/―]_Vst (??)CX ?? ll?? ll?? elsewhere b. l??-irregular: ?? Ø ??→?? Ø/―]_Vst (??)CX ?? l l elsewhere c. ε-irregular: ?? a/―]_Vst (??)CX ?? ε elsewhere d. h-irregular: ?? Ah/―]_Vst CX ?? A /―]_Vst ??X ε elsewhere These rules are non-generative, because they lead lexicalized alternants to be combined with certain endings.

      • KCI등재후보

        평안북도 운전지역어의 서법에 대하여

        최명옥 한국방언학회 2010 방언학 Vol.0 No.11

        The purpose of this paper is to study the mood of Unjeon dialect in Pyeonganbuk-do. Since Korean is an agglutinative language, almost every form of mood is represented by sentence final ending. The sentence final ending is determined by honorific level, which shows the amount of respect that speaker has to the listener. Therefore, when we research for mood of certain language, we should confirm the honorific level first, and then according to the levels, we can find out exact morphemes indicating mood. After the morpheme is decided, we should study the syntactical constraints, syntactic functions, and semantic features of the mood morphemes. In this point of view, this paper studys on the mood of Unjeon dialect, according to three honorific level; 'hara style', 'hasi style', and 'harayo style'. 이 논문의 목적은 평안북도 운전지역어에 대한 서법 연구이다. 한국어는교착어이므로 거의 모든 서법 형식은 문의 종결어미에 의해서 표시된다. 그런데 문의 종결어미는 화자가 청자에 대하여 가지는 존경의 정도 즉 경어등분에 따라서 달라진다. 한국어에서 경어등분은 방언 또는 지역어에 따라 차이가 있다. 그러므로 서법 연구는 먼저 연구대상 언어에 존재하는 경어등분을 확인하고 다음으로 각 경어등분에 따른 서법표시 형태소들을 확인해야 한다. 그리고 끝으로 서법표시 형태소들의 통사론적 제약과 통사기능 및 의미특성을 밝혀야 한다. 이런 관점에서, 필자는 운전지역어에 세 개의 존대등분이 있음을 밝히고 이 지역어의 서법을, 존대등분과 동사 ‘하-’(爲)의 명령형을기준으로, ‘하라체’, ‘하시체’, ‘하라요체’로 나누어 고찰하였다.

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