http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
동결건조한 원부재료를 이용하여 제조한 나박김치의 저장 중 품질 특성
천선화,강미란,서혜영 한국식품저장유통학회 2016 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.23 No.2
This study investigated the possibility of usage of freeze-dried ingredients for the preparation of Nabak kimchi. The quality characteristics of Nabak kimchi using freeze-dried ingredients (radish, kimchi cabbage, green onion, garlic and ginger) were monitored during storage at 4℃. The initial pH of Nabak kimchi was 5.76~5.93, however, it decreased significantly over increasing storage periods (p<0.05). The titratable acidity of Nabak kimchi increased during storage, reaching 0.43~1.08%. Among the freeze-dried samples, those treated with freeze-dried radish and minor ingredients showed lower titratable acidity than that of the control. The initial number of total aerobic and lactic acid bacteria were 5.57~6.25, and 5.52~6.24 log CFU/g, respectively. After 28 days, the population of total aerobic and lactic acid bacteria in the raw ingredients and freeze-dried minor ingredients was less than 8.0 log CFU/g, but more than 9.0 log CFU/g in other samples. Yeasts and molds in Nabak kimchi were detected up to 2~3 log CFU/g, but coliforms were not detected in all samples during storage. The score of firmness and overall acceptability in the control, raw ingredients and freeze-dried minor ingredients were significantly higher than others (p<0.05). These results indicated that freeze-dried ingredients, such as green onion, garlic, and ginger, can be used in kimchi and would delay microbial growth and extend the shelf-life of kimchi without any deduction of sensory quality.
천선화,이상일,황인민,서혜영,Cheon, Seon-Hwa,Lee, Sang-Il,Hwnag, In-Min,Seo, Hye-Young 한국식품조리과학회 2017 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.33 No.1
Purpose: This study was conducted to obtain basic data for the quality characteristics of commercial kimchi pastes. Methods: The physicochemical, microbial, and sensory quality characteristics of kimchi paste purchased from 12 companies (KP 1-12) were investigated. Results: Commercial kimchi pastes contained a moisture content of 61.60-82.99%. The pH and titratable acidity of samples were 4.88-5.92 and 0.56-1.58%, respectively, and salinity was on average, 3%. The reducing sugar content was approximately 67.35 mg/mL, and those of KP 8 was higher by approximately 100 mg/mL. American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) value of kimchi pastes varied based on the samples. The commercial kimchi pastes contained capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin at 1.51-7.84 and, 0.54-2.26 mg/100 g, respectively; sodium and potassium contents were 383.32-1,563.45 mg/100 g and 264.49-571.95 mg/100 g, respectively; and the Na/K ratio was 1.21-5.48. The number of aerobic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria detected from 5.00 to 8.00 log CFU/g. The number of yeast and mold detected from 0.50 to 2.66 log CFU/g. Coliform was detected at approximately 3-4 log CFU/g, whereas Escherichia coli was detected only in KP 3 and KP 7. Overall acceptability of kimchi paste showed a higher score in KP 1. The commercial kimchi pastes showed higher salinity and Na/K ratio and E. coli was detectedin some kimchi paste samples. Conclusion: Therefore, further studies are required to lower the Na/K ratio, for recipe developments, and the standardization of quality and hygiene safety of kimchi paste.
젖산균이 김치 발효 중 아플라톡신 함량 변화에 미치는 영향
천선화,김수지,이상일,정영배,김성현,조정은,서혜영 한국식품저장유통학회 2015 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.22 No.5
기후변화에 따라 오염도가 높아질 것으로 예상되는 곰팡이독소 중 아플라톡신을 김치에 오염시켜 발효 및 저장 중 이화학적 및 미생물학적 품질변화를 분석하고, 김치 제조 시 젖산균의 첨가가 아플라톡신의 함량 변화에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 김치의 pH는 저장기간이 증가함에 따라 급격하게 감소한 반면 산도는 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 염도는 저장기간 동안 2.30~2.40%의 수준을 유지하였다. 젖산균을 첨가한 김치의 일반세균수 및 젖산균수는 다른 시료에 비해 젖산균을 접종한 시료에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 또한 김치의 저장 중 효모 및 곰팡이 수는 약 1~3 log CFU/g 수준이 검출되었다. 대장균군은 대조구에서 저장 4주차까지 검출된 반면 다른 시료에서는 저장 2주 후 모두 불검출되었다. 아플라톡신이 오염된 김치에서 저장기간에 따라 아플라톡신이 감소하는 경향성은 확인되지 않았으나 저장 8주 동안 아플라톡신 오염수준의 평균 감소율은 AFs 오염구에서 7.1%, AFs+LP에서 21.5%, AFs+LM에서 24.1%로 나타나 젖산균을 첨가한 시료에서 감소율이 더 크게 나타났다. 아플라톡신 첨가에 따른 김치의 이화학적 및 미생물학적 품질 변화는 일반 김치와 비교 시 뚜렷한 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 젖산균을 첨가한 김치의 경우 저장 중 일반세균 수 및 젖산균수가 높게 검출되고, 아플라톡신의 감소효과가 더 크게 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구결과 김치에 Lactobacillus속이나 Leuconostoc속과 같은 젖산균 첨가 시 젖산균 증진 효과 및 아플라톡신에 노출위험도를 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.
자색 고구마 분말을 첨가한 팽화과자(뻥튀기)의 팽화 조건에 따른 품질 특성
천선화(Seon-Hwa Cheon),황수정(Su-Jung Hwang),은종방(Jong-Bang Eun) 한국식품과학회 2012 한국식품과학회지 Vol.44 No.1
자색 고구마 뻥튀기의 실험결과는 색도 중 L<SUP>*</SUP>값이 팽화시간이 증가할수록 L<SUP>*</SUP>값이 감소하는 유의적인 차이를 나타내었으나 수분함량이나 팽화온도에 따른 차이는 나타내지 않았다. a<SUP>*</SUP>값은 팽화시간, 팽화온도가 증가함에 따라 함께 증가하는 유의적 차이를 나타냈으며, b<SUP>*</SUP>값은 몇몇 시험구에서 팽화시간과 팽화온도가 증가할수록 b<SUP>*</SUP>값도 증가하였다. 비체적은 수분함량과 팽화온도가 높아질수록 증가하였고, 수분함량 11%, 팽화온도 246℃, 팽화시간 4초에서 제조한 시험구가 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또한 자색 고구마 뻥튀기의 파괴력은 팽화온도와 팽화시간이 증가함에 따라 함께 증가하며 수분함량이 낮을수록 높은 파괴력을 나타내는 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 관능평가에서 7% 수분함량, 팽화온도 246℃, 팽화시간 5초에서 제조한 뻥튀기가 패널들에게 높은 점수를 얻었다. The effect of puffing conditions on the physical properties and sensory evaluations of a puffed snack (ppeongtuigi) made of purple sweet potato flour was investigated. The snacks consisted of coated artificial rice with purple sweet potato flour with water, tempered to 7%, 9% and 11% moisture. The coated material was puffed at 236, 241, or 246℃ for 4, 5, or 6 s. The L<SUP>*</SUP> value decreased as the heating time increased. The a<SUP>*</SUP> and b<SUP>*</SUP>values, specific volume, and hardness increased with increasing heating temperature and heating time. Puffed snacks produced under conditions of higher moisture (7%), higher heating temperature (246℃), or longer heating time (5 s) showed high scores for appearance, color, taste, and overall acceptability in sensory evaluations.
생화학 / 분자생물학 : 일반 고구마 분말을 첨가한 팽화과자(뻥튀기)의 이화학적 특성
천선화 ( Seon Hwa Cheon ),은종방 ( Jong Bang Eun ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2011 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.54 No.3
The physical properties of puffed snack by pellet with sweet potato flour, brown rice flour and wheat flour were evaluated at different moisture content, puffing temperature, and puffing time. The sweet potato pellets were tempered to 14, 16, and 18% moisture content and were puffed at 233, 238, and 243℃ for 4, 5 and 6 s. The whitness (L*) value decreased as the heating temperature and time increased. The redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values increased with increasing heating temperature and time. The specific volume of sweet potato puffed snacks showed an increasing trend with higher puffing conditions. The hardness of sweet potato puffed snacks increased as heating time and heating temperature increased. The sweet potato puffed snacks prepared with increasing moisture content (18%), heating times (6 s), and heating temperatures (243℃) were awarded the highest scores for most of the sensory attributes and hence declared as best sweet potato puffed snacks.