Expression of the Second Isoform of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (Chicken GnRH-II Type) in the First Trimester Human Placenta

천강우,홍성란,이형송,강인수 한국발생생물학회 2001 발생과 생식 Vol.5 No.1

GnRH는 10개의 아미노산으로 구성된 호르몬으로서 생식기능을 조절, 관장하는 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 임신 중에는 태반에서 hCG의 분비를 조절하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 최근 사람의 두 번째 GnRH 유전자가 발견되었으며 그 10개의 아미노산 서열은 닭에서 두 번째로 발견된 GnRH (chicken GnRH-II)와 동일한 것으로 확인되었다. 이제까지 사람에서의 두 번째 GnRH (GnRH-II)의 발현은 중뇌와 신장에서 보고 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has been known to play a role in the regulation of hCG secretion by human placenta. Recently, a gene encoding the second f개m of GnRH (GnRH-II) was identified in human. Herein, we demonstrate that GnRH-II is expressed in human placenta and assess GnRH-II expression by nested RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in human placenta during the first trimester. We found that two altematively spliced transcripts of GnW-II mRNA were expressed in human placental tissues of first trimester and the shorter variant had a 21-bp deletion in GnRH-associated peptide (GAP). Immunoreactive GnRH-II was localized in both cytotrophoblastic and syncytiotrophoblastic cytoplasm. The immunostaining intensity was stronger in cytotrophoblast. Villous stromal cells also showed GnRH-II immunoreactiyiry. The results of our study report that the second isoform of GnRH (GnRH-II) is expressed in the first trimester human placenta and we suggest that GnRH-II may also play a regulatory role in maintenance of early pregnancy and hCG secretion in human placenta.

Comparison of Clinical Efficacy between a Single Administration of Long-Acting Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Agonist (GnRHa) and Daily Administrations of Short-Acting GnRHa in In Vitro Fertilization- Embryo Transfer Cycles

천강우,송상진,최범채,이승철,이홍복,유승연,유근재 대한의학회 2008 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.23 No.4

This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a single administration of long-acting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) as compared with daily administrations of short-acting GnRHa in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. The mean dosage of recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) required for COH (2,354.5±244.2 vs. 2,012.5±626.1 IU) and the rFSH dosage per retrieved oocyte (336.7±230.4 vs. 292.1±540.4 IU) were significantly higher in the long-acting GnRHa group (N= 22) than those in the short-acting GnRHa group (N=28) (p<0.05). However, the mean number of visit to the hospital that was required before ovum pick-up (3.3±0.5 vs. 22.2±2.0) and the frequency of injecting GnRHa and rFSH (12.8±1.2 vs. 33.5± 3.5) were significantly decreased in the long-acting GnRHa group (p<0.0001). The clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, and early pregnancy loss rate were not significantly different between the 2 groups. So, we suggest that a single administration of long-acting GnRHa is a useful alternative for improving patient’s convenience with clinical outcomes comparable to daily administrations of short-acting GnRHa in COH for IVF-ET cycles.

폐쇄성 황달의 경피간담관조영술

천강우 대한영상의학회 1983 대한영상의학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Although many invasive studies in the biliary tract disease are replaced by noninvasive techniques such as ultrasonography and computed tomography, PTC does still play an important role in diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. Authors had performed 42 patients of PTC with Chiba needle at the department of radiology, Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital for 4 years from January 1978 to April 1982. And we reviewed literatures. The results were as follows : 1. Forty two patients of PTC were 22 males and 20 females. The success rate was 90.5% (38/42). The failed 4 cases of PTC were nonobstructive hepatobiliary diseases. 2. The PTC diagnosis of 38 cases were biliary stone (21 cases), cholangiocarcinoma (7 cases), pancreatic carcinoma (2 cases), hepatoma (2 cases), and clonorchiasis (1 cases), and the remainders were normal. 3. We made 2 cases of misdiagnosis on the basis of PTC findings. They were one case of distal CBD stone with severe cholangitis diagnosed as ampullary carcinoma and another case of proximal CBD stone with cholangitis diagnosed as pancreas carcinoma. 4 We experienced 2 cases of complication such as sepstis and severe hypotension, but they were recovered.

Technical guide for materials of containment system for hydrogen fuels for ships

천강우 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2022 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.46 No.5

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is adopting various regulations, goals, and measures for decarbonizing ships within the present century. The most environmentally friendly fuels for replacing conventional fuels in ships are low-flashpoint fuels, which are corrosive or cause embrittlement. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the requirements for storing individual fuels and choose the most realistic and economically feasible methods. Among the many alternative fuels, sufficient information is available regarding materials applicable to methanol—liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG). Considering these fuels have long been handled by ships as fuel or cargo, sufficient regulations exist regarding the materials applicable to them. In the absence of conditions that lower the mechanical performance of materials, such as a hydrogen exposure environment or corrosion, materials applicable to cryogenic environments are generally applicable to higher temperatures without a problem. Liquid hydrogen is the fuel that presents the most difficult technical challenge for large-scale storage in ships. Hydrogen should be liquefied and stored in a con-tainment facility designed to maintain a temperature below 20 K. Empirical studies on liquid hydrogen storage and fuel propulsion ships conducted in advanced countries have focused on 316 L stainless steel.

그린쉽 기술 소개

천강우 한국연소학회 2012 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.- No.44

사람 정자에서 정자 특이적 양이온 채널 CatSper의 발현에 관한 연구

천강우,최영진,변혜경,홍지영,최형기,서주태 대한비뇨의학회 2004 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.45 No.4

Purpose: We aimed to elucidate the expression and intracellular localization of sperm-specific cation channel CatSper in human spermatozoa. Moreover, the relationship between the expression of CatSper mRNA and the motility of ejaculated human spermatozoa were investigated. Materials and Methods: Using cDNAs extracted from the ejaculated sperm of patients(n=39), the expression of CatSper mRNA was observed by RT-PCR. Semi-quantitative analysis of the CatSper mRNA expression was performed by comparing with the expression of GAPDH mRNA. To elucidate the expression and intracellular localization of CatSper protein, double fluorescent immunocytochemistry for CatSper and β-tubulin was performed. Results: The CatSper mRNA was expressed in all of the sperm samples. Using semi-quantitative analysis for the amount of CatSper mRNA expression, no significant difference was found between the normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia groups(1.5±0.6 vs. 1.4±0.6, p=0.623). Polyclonal antiserum, generated against a recombinant protein of the N-terminal 160 amino acids of human CatSper, was used. In double fluorescent immunocytochemistry, CatSper protein was found to be expressed in the flagellum of the ejaculated human spermatozoa, and localized in the connecting piece, mid-piece and principal piece, with the exception of the end piece of the flagellum. Moreover, the proportion of CatSper-positive sperm was similar in both the normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia groups. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time ejaculated human spermatozoa have been shown to express the mRNA and protein of CatSper. The results of our RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry suggest that CatSper may play a role in the motility of ejaculated human spermatozoa. (Korean J Urol 2004;45:365-372)

선박/해양플랜트 유지보수 점검용 드론 개발 동향

천강우 해양환경안전학회 2017 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.04

Deixis 개관

천강우 동아대학교 인문과학대학 영어영문학과 1989 동아영어영문학 Vol.5 No.-

Wittgenstein 언어 철학

천강우 동아대학교 어학연구소 1988 언어와 언어교육 Vol.3 No.-

대화 함축에 관한 연구

천강우 동아대학교 어학연구소 1991 언어와 언어교육 Vol.6 No.-

Following Grice, conversation is now generally conceived of us a cooperative venture, governed by categories of Quantity, Quality, Relation and Manner, which may be exploited for particular conversational effects. A distinction between what the speaker explicitly said and what he tacitly implied or implicated, and a classification of implicatures into various types, are now part of the standard machinery for pragmatic analysis. Although specific proposals have been made for extending, supplementing or modifying Grice's machinery, it seems no exaggeration to say that they are at best a direct result of Grice's Willam James Lectures. But it seems that the detail of the Grice's work needs considerable modification if any further progress is to be made. So I propose the Utterance Principle with four maxims. The Utterance Principle : Be relevant. Maxims (ⅰ) Truthfulmess : What you are saying should be the case. (ⅱ) Economy : Be short. (ⅲ) Clarity : Be logical and orderly. (ⅳ) Politeness : Be polite. All the maxims should be oriented toward the super maxim. "Be relevant". The Utterance Principle and its maxims can also account figurative utterances such as irony, metaphor, meiosis, hyperbole, and so on.