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大豆와 수수 混作에 對한 施肥의 適正量 分析과 大豆의 生長解析에 關한 硏究
秦熙成,文溶植 조선대학교 농업연구소 1978 農業硏究 Vol.1978 No.1
大豆 品種인 光敎와 수수 優良系統인 1s-9456을 供示하여 物質生産과 生長特性 및 施肥 適正量을 分析 檢討하여 다음과 같은 詰果를 얻었다. 1. 大豆는 各區 共히 播種後 5週까지의 生育初期에 現存量의 增加率이 높았고 生育이 經過됨에 따라 低下되었으며 播種後 8週부터 25% 減肥區에서 種實의 現存量이 높은 傾向을 나타냈다. 2 葉面積과 LA1의 增加率로 各區 共히 生育初初期에 높았고 最大値는 播種後 11週에 25% 增肥區에서 나타났으며 specific leaf area는 全生育期를 通하여 50% 減肥區에서 높은 傾向을 보였다. 3. F/C ratio는 各區 共히 生育初期에 높게 나타났고 ‘光合成器官의 面積과 그 比率을 增加시키는 生長이 이루어졌으며 最大値는 0.98㎠/g로서 播種後 5週頃 50% 減肥區에서 나타났다. 4. R/T ratio는 各區 共히 生育初期에 높았으며 生育經過에 따라 低下되었으나 plot別의 差異는 현저하지 않았다. 5. 大豆의 RGR은 各區 共히 播種後 5週까지 현저히 높은 値를 보였고 最大値는 1.35g/g. week로 N_3區에서 播種後 3-4주사이에 나타났다. 6. 大豆의 NAR은 赤是 各區 共히 播種後 5遇까지 높았으며 生育이 經過됨에 따라 低下되었으나, 花器形成이 旺盛한 生育期부터 25%는 減肥區에서 높은 傾向을 보였다. 最大値는 6.89mg/㎠/wee로 25% 增肥區에서 播種後 3-4週사이에 나타났다. 7. 大豆의 CGR은 25% 增肥區에서 全生育期를 通하여 높은 傾向을 보였으며 LAI의 季節的인 畿化와 一致하였다. 8. 大豆의 RGR과 NAR은 平均氣溫과 22-28℃ 範圍內에서 各各 播種後 5週까지는 逆相關을 보였으며 生育後期에는 正相關의 關係를 나타냈다. 9. 大豆는 25% 減肥匿에서 收量生産이 가장 높았으며 總粒數의 增加, 空粒比率의 低下 및 100粒重의 增大가 增收要因으로 나타났다. 수수는 25% 增肥區에 增收되있으며 P_2O_5의 增施는 收量生産을 提高 할 수 있는 相關을 보였다. 10. 大豆와 수수의 混作栽培에서의 3要素 適正量은 N.P. 및 K가 各各 3.8 8.3, 7.5Kg/10a로 分析되었다. An experiment was made, for the improvement of cultivating, in companion cropping of soybean and sorghum in order to analyze their optimum quantity of fertilizers and growth characteristics, at the IIyeochun-dong experimental field which is one of the Bansan system fields around Kwangju area, during the period from May 20 to October 20, 1976. The experimental field was prepared after the randomized block design method, and the field was divided into three 25% minus plots, three 25% plus plots, three 50% minus plots, and three control plots, according to fertilizing quantity. Soybean was sowed on June 20, and sorghum was transplanted on July 1st, 1976. Sampling of each variety was taken once a week after sowing. The dry matter was weighed after it had been kept in 80℃ dry oven for three days. Drawing method was applied for the measurement of leaf area, Blackman law for growth analysis, and the monthly reports from the Kwangju Branch of Central Meteorological Observatory was used as valid data. For the analysis of soybean chlorophyll, A.O.A.C method was applied to the. calculation of chlorophyll concentration. The results from this experiment are as follows: 1. The increasing rate of standing crop in each plot was remarkably high for 5 weeks after sowing. This phenomena means that photosynthetic organsthrive rapidly. The standing crop of fruit was comparatively abundant in the 25% minus plots from 8 wee ksaofter sowing. 2. The increasing rate of leaf area index in each plot was higher in the earlier phase of growth and the maximum value of the index was shown in the 25% plus plots from 11 weeks after sowing.
內水面 資源開發을 위한 蓴菜의 生産性 提高에 關한 硏究
秦熙成,李龍保 조선대학교 농업연구소 1978 農業硏究 Vol.1978 No.1
蓴菜 自生池인 錦湖貯水池와 兄弟財水池에서 本 植物을 材料로 하여 生育 環境要因과 生長特性을 分析하고 育苗條件 및 3要素 肥料適正量을 究明하여 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. (1) 湖沼 水深이 1~1.5m로서 3月 初旬頃의 水溫이 50C 以上 維持되는 epilimnion을 形成하는 水休 環境이 순채의 生育 適地블 이루고 있다. (2) 蓴菜 自生池의 水質은 非自生池에 比하여 5月 下旬頃의 分析値가 NH_3-N,cl 및 K는 各各 0.4. 29.8. 5.28ppm으로서 特히 높았으며 pH는 7.0 ~ 7.4였고 DO益는 6.4 ~ 6.8ppm 程度로 比較的 높은 傾向을 보였다. (3) 土壤은 해성토에 集積層이 20~30Cm 程度 發達된 底土로서 土層別 Humus와 無機 ?類가 豊富하고 25Cm 內外의 下層部位에서도 O-M,P_2O_5 및 K가 各各 3.2, 7.0ppm, 0.55Me/100g의 分析値分를 보였으며 地力이 높은 土質 條件이었다 (4) 蓴菜는 底土의 表層에 分布하는 橫走莖 發根部位에서 直生莖走과 長柄葉을 내어 伸長하며 Vegetable gelatine으로 Coating된 水中 幼莖 및 水中葉의 生長에는 水溫이 規制的 要因을 이루었다. 不定根의 완반한 生長에 比하여 莖節과 葉柄의 伸長은 빨랐으며 水面에서 開花하고 授精後 水中에서 種寶이 成熟되었다. (5) 마사토를 庄土로 利用하여 灌水後 排水하고 直射光下에서 地溫과 通氣量을 增大시켜 揷木하는 方法이 發根效果를 높일 수 있었다. (6) 着葉幼莖 3節인 揷穗를 利用한 5月 初旬부터 8月 사이의 揷木이 發根數와 發根量이 높게 나타났다. (7) Vegetable gelatine이 덮인 葉의 最高 收量을 얻을 수 있는 N-P-K의 施用量은 92.5 - 20.3 - 22.8 Kg/10a였으나 3要素 適定量은 N-P-K가 81.45 - 19.67-22.43 Kg/10a 로 分析되었다. Living conditions such as water and soil and growth characteristics were analyzed. of Brasenia purpurea growing in the lake of Gumho which is located at Dukjin-myun, Yeongam-gun and in the lake of Hyeongje which is located at kongsan-myun, Najoo-gun during the period from March 1st to October 31st, 1977. The conditions for cultivating saplings according to soil class and different cutting types, and the optimum fertilizing quantity were researched. and the following conclusions were drawn. 1. The best lake fitting for Brasenia purpurea to grow has these states: about 1 ~ 1.5m water depth, above 5℃ water temperature on epilimnion in the early March. 2. The water pH of the best lake is 7.0 ~ 7.4 ; and the ppm of NH_3 - N is 0.4 ; that of Cl^-, 29. 8 ; that of K, 5.28. This reveals that the water pH and those ppm's are larger than in the other lakes. And water D.O. is 6.4 ~ 6.8. All these data were taken around the end of May. 3. The best lake has the accumulative layer about 20 ~ 30Cm deep at the bottom, as its soil condition, Where humus and inorganic salts are abundant; and the analysis value of 0-M is 3.2 ppm ; that of P_2O_5, 7.0 ppm ; and that of K, 0.55 Me/100g. 4. The growth of Brasenia purpurea on epilimnion of the bottom soil is sensitively affected by the water temperature, budding erect stems and long-petiole leaves at the rooting region of sideways stems. Stem-nodes and petioles grow fast compared with the. slow growth of adventitious roots, and blooming and fertilization take place on the water surface, then seed-fruits mature in the water. 5. Corase sand used for seed - bed soil and the bed was irrigated first, then drained, and by raising earth temperature and increasing air ventilation, the cutting-planting method was applied with a great rooting effect. 6. By planting, during the period from' early May to August, of the cuttings from the 3rd nodes from top of plumule with leaves, Comparatively many roots and much roo-ting--volume were obtained. 7. The required quantity of N for the largest yield of vegetable gelatine leaves is 92.5Kg/l0a ; that of P, 20.3Kg/10a, and that of N, 22.8Kg/10a. The optimum quantity of N for the largest yield is 81. 45Kg/10a ; that of p, 19. 67K9/10a ; and that of K, 22. 43Kg/l0a.