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지제근 大韓法醫學會 1986 대한법의학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Congenital malformations are structural defects present at birth. Birth defect encompasses all the anomalies, either morphologic or functional, present at birth. The incidence of congenital malformation is estimated to be 5% among liveborns in Korea. This figure is more or less same in most other countries. The cause of congenital malformation is difficult to determine in most cases. In a small proportion of cases it can be attributed to genetic to genetic factor, chromosomal anomalies or certain prenatal infections. Various causative factor and teragenetic mechanism are discussed morphologically.
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池堤根,崔信恩,李濟九 서울대학교 1967 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
Pathoanatomical and histopathological studies were made on seven autopsy cases of congenital syphilis which were bacteriologically or serologically confirmed. Seven cases of congenital syphilis were all new born infants that expired within a month. Clinically, dyspnea and skin rashes were the most pronounced findings. Hepatosplenomegaly was marked. Blood examination showed severe anemia in all. Grossly, heart, liver, spleen and lungs were generally increased in weight. They were uniformly firm and revealed grayish hue. Microscopical findings were principally composed of diffuse visceral fibrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and widespread extramedullary hematopoisis. Visceral fibrosis was most marked in the pancreas, lung and liver, although spleen, kidneys, thymus and adrenals were also involved. Pertinent autopsy findings are as follows: Skin shows maculo-papular lesion. Heart shows endocardial fibrosis in one case and the others show capillary congestion with endothelial swelling. Lungs are enlarged and uniformly firm. Alveolar septa show diffuse fibrosis and cell infiltration showing the picture of so called "pneumonia alba". Liver section is characterized by extensive periportal fibrosis and diffuse hematopoiesis. These fibrotic changes are more marked in right lobe especially along ductus venosus. Giant cells are frequently observed and this picture was discussed along the line of giant cell transformation of hepatic cells. Spleen is enlarged and shows diffuse increase of fibrous connective tissue in addition to extramedullary hemopoisis. Pancreas shows rather extensive fibrosis together with acinar atrophy and inflammatory cellular aggregates. Langerhans islets appear to be enlarge in some cases. Adrenal glands shows fibrosis in cortex together with capsular fibrosis. However, inflammatory cell infiltration is rather meager. Adrenal cytomegalia which is
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