문경 단붕탄광 폐석장 유출수의 조성변화

지상우,김선준,안지현 한국지하수토양환경학회 1997 지하수토양환경 Vol.4 No.4

Stream water and precipitates were analyzed for metal contents to evaluate the compositional changes of effluent water from mine waste Danbung mine located in the vicinity of Munkyung. Samples were collected before and after the rainy season in 1995 and before the rainy season in 1997 to observe seasonal variation and the charge of the status of pollution after the lapse of two years. Increased metal contents and lowered pH values after rainy season are thought of the results of flushing of oxidation products of pyrite accumulated during dry season in mine wastes. The results of two years later showed that pollution by AMD have progressed more seriously in that pH has been lowered by one order and metal contents increased about twice. The spatial distribution of various Fe, Al hydroxides and sulfates occurring as red and white precipitates also changed. Red precipitates occurred at stream bed in longer distance after two years and white precipitates occurred far down from the mine wastes where no precipitates had been observed 1995. And metal contents in sediments also increased up to more than ten times.

광해와 광해방지 기술 (제1편) : 광해의 종류와 국내 현황을 중심으로

지상우,임길재 한국토목섬유학회 2009 한국지반신소재학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Treatment Efficiency of Acid Mine Drainage by Ho-Nam Coal Mine Passive Treatment System

지상우,유경근,임길재,정영욱 한국자원공학회 2012 Geosystem engineering Vol.15 No.1

Ho-nam coal mine passive treatment system, which consists of oxidation pond (OP), successive alkalinity producing system (SAPS), and aerobic wetland (AW), was investigated to estimate the treatment efficiency of entire system and each treatment step. After the acid mine drainage of Ho-nam coal mine moves through the entire system, metal concentration and acidity decreased and alkalinity increased, so. The acid mine drainage has been treated successfully by the Ho-nam coal mine passive treatment system. However, iron ions were not removed sufficiently in oxidation pond even though ferrous ions oxidized to ferric ions. Furthermore, in SAPS, Fe concentration decreased rapidly but sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) activity was not showed in the system. These results suggest that the objectives of each step were not achieved as designed though the system was found to be successful.

The Removal of Arsenic Ion in Electro-Coagulation Cell

지상우,유경근,Brian A. Dempsey 한국자원공학회 2011 Geosystem engineering Vol.14 No.2

The removal of As(V) and As(III) was investigated using electro-coagulation (EC) cell. Adsorption on hydro ferric oxide (HFO) generated by EC cell shows high ratio at lower pH and decreases with increasing pH. The removal efficiencies are higher in the feed solution with As(III) than with As(V). Total arsenic removal ratio is higher in the feed solution with As(III) than with As(V). Total arsenic removal ratios in EC process are over 90% at pH 4 to 9 at 1.0 A in the feed solution with As(III). At 0.5 A, As(III) adsorption ratio is 36.84% at pH 4 and total arsenic removal ratio is 60.79%,and As(III) adsorption ratio is 88.19% at pH 4 and total arsenic removal ratio is 91.13% at 1.0 A. High adsorption ratio of As(V)increases total arsenic removal ratio. In the EC cell, As(III)species could be oxidized to As(V) species, and high arsenic removal ratio is expected at low pH range by using EC process. The oxidation ratios of As(III) to As(V) are 7.1 to 41.3% and 11.1 to 27.7% at 0.5 A and 1.0 A, respectively. The EC process can oxidize As(III) to As(V), and As(V) has more affinity on HFO surface than As(III) at low pH ranges. This result suggest that this technology could be used to remove As ion from acid mine drainage.

전기응집을 이용한 비소 오염수 처리 기술의 국내와 베트남 현장 실증 사례

지상우,박승일,오참뜻 한국자원공학회 2025 한국자원공학회지 Vol.62 No.5

This technical report reviews recent advances in electrocoagulation (EC) for use in arsenic removal and highlights field demonstrations in South Korea and Vietnam. Fe-based EC has emerged as a simple, cost-effective method that reliably realizes the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water guideline of 10 µg/L. Improved processes, such as air-cathode EC and ultrasound oxidation, considerably accelerate the treatment rate. Field applications in South Korea, including the Geumjeong mine, Bonghwa, and naturally contaminated groundwater in Chungnam, confirmed that Fe-based EC consistently satisfied the WHO standard in mining effluent and naturally contaminated groundwater. In Vietnam, EC was applied at household and community scales, demonstrating stable operation and providing safe drinking water for tens to hundreds of residents. Coupling with solar power enabled reliable performances in areas with limited infrastructure. These demonstrations highlight the practicality and scalability of EC as a key technology for use in decentralized water treatment and safe water supply.

수산화알루미늄 함유 폴리염화비닐 흡착제에 대한 비소이온 흡착거동

지상우,복송민,오참뜻,임길재,정영욱,박제현,최의규,최홍일,유경근 한국자원공학회 2016 한국자원공학회지 Vol.53 No.5

PVC-Al(OH)3 beads were prepared to remove arsenic (As) ions using aluminium hydroxide sludge for an effective re-use. The sludge was obtained from domestic treatment facilities of acid mine drainages. The absorption behavior of arsenic ion was investigated in the pH range within 2 and 12. As a result, the removal efficiencies of As(V) ion were higher than that of As(III), over the entire pH range of this study. The removal efficiencies of As(V) ion increased to 100% at neutral pHs within 500 min of reaction duration. The efficiencies were low at pH 2 and pH 12, because of the high dissolution of aluminum hydroxide at those pHs. The absorbed amount of As(V) ions increased to 200 mmol/g at 200 mmol/L initial As concentration. 국내 산성광산배수 처리장에서 회수된 수산화알루미늄 슬러지를 효율적으로 활용하기 위해서 폴리염화비닐 (PVC)과 혼합해 PVC-Al(OH)3 비드를 제조하고 비소 이온 제거를 위해 사용하고자 하였다. pH를 2에서12로 변화시키며 비소이온의 흡착거동을 조사한 결과 모든 구간에서 비소 5가 이온의 제거율이 비소 3가 이온보다 높았으며, pH가 중성영역에서 제거율은 500 분 내에 100%를 나타냈다. 비소 제거율은 pH가 2와 12에서감소하였는데, 이는 수산화알루미늄이 이 영역에서 용해되는 것이 원인으로 분석되었다. 비소 5가 이온의 경우초기 농도 200 mmol/L일 때 흡착량은 200 mmol/g까지 증가하였다.

국내 광산배수 자연정화시설 산화/침전조의 정화효율

지상우,정영욱,임길재,김경조,박현성 한국자원공학회 2012 한국자원공학회지 Vol.49 No.6

The analyses of the status and efficiencies of ten oxidation/settling ponds at the passive treatment systems were performed to evaluate the relationship between the efficiencies of iron removal and the structure of oxidation/settling ponds. Four facilities of Hwangji-Youchang, Seokkong-Sinseung, Dongyang OP1 and OP2 among ten ponds have some structures for aerating mine waters. Compared with the guideline of PIRAMID, oxidation/settling ponds of Waryong, Donghae 7th, Seokbong and Honam were evaluated as smaller in size than the guideline. Iron removal efficiencies of oxidation/settling ponds were 1.80% (Waryong) ~ 98.10% Seokkong-Sinseung). In cases of the Hwangji-Youchang, Gapjeong, Seokbong, Seokkong-Sinseung and Dongyang, the contribution of their oxidation/settling ponds to the iron removal of whole systems was more than 50%. At the compare with the Hydraulic retention time (HRT) and iron removal efficiency of oxidation/settling pond, ponds which the HRT were less than 40 hours showed the iron removal efficiency less than 50% except Gapjeong. It means that the iron removal strongly depended on HRT. The efficiency of the oxidation of ferrous and iron removal showed limited efficiencies if mine waters with around pH 3 had been stayed in ponds for a couple of days 기존 자연정화시설의 산화/침전조에 대한 현황과 효율분석을 통하여 폭기구조, 면적, 공정배치 등과 처리효율간의 관련성을 평가하였다. 9개 처리시설 10개 산화/침전조 중 유입수에 대해 폭기를 위한 구조가 적용된 곳은 황지유창, 석공신성, 동양 산화/침전조 1 및 2 등 4개조였다. PIRAMID에서 제시된 설계기준과 산화/침전조의 면적을 비교한 결과 와룡, 동해 7갱, 석봉 및 호남의 경우 기준 보다 작은 규모로 시공되었다. 산화/침전조의 총철 정화효율은 1.80%(와룡) ~ 98.10%(석공신성)의 분포를 보였다. 호남, 갑정, 석봉, 석공신성, 동양의 경우 산화/침전조에서의 총철 제거로 인한 전체 공정에서의 총철 제거에 대한 기여도가 50% 이상으로 SAPS보다 높은 기여도를 보이고 있다. 설계면적으로 계산된 체류시간과 철 정화효율을 비교한 결과, 체류시간이 40시간 미만인 경우에는 갑정을 제외하면 50% 미만의 철 정화효율을 보이고 있다. 이는 충분한 체류시간이 주어져야만 철 제거가 충분하게 진행될 수 있음을 보여준다. 시간에 따른 2가철의 산화와 철제거 속도에서 pH가 6 이상인 경우 산화/침전에 의해 40시간 전후에서 철이 모두 제거되었으나, pH가 3가량인 경우 48시간으로는 철 산화율 및 제거율에 한계가 있었음을 확인하였다.

광해와 광해방지 기술 (제4편)

지상우,임길재 한국토목섬유학회 2010 한국지반신소재학회지 Vol.9 No.2

광산배수 처리시설 사여과조에서 생성된 망간산화물 피복모래(MCS)를 이용한 수중 망간 흡착 기초 연구

지상우,조동완,임길재,안종만,안기오,장정윤,정영욱 한국자원공학회 2020 한국자원공학회지 Vol.57 No.3

This study tested the feasibility of using manganese-oxide coated sand (MCS) collected in a mine drainage treatment facility, for the adsorption of Mn(II) in the aqueous solution. Na-birnessite was detected as the main mineral phase on the surface of MCS. The Mn(II) adsorption characteristics of MCS were evaluated using a series of parameters including initial pH, reaction time, and initial concentration. The pH of the reacted solutions converged to pH 6.19±0.04 when the initial values were above 5; the adsorption amount leveled off at 1.47±0.11 mg/g. The maximum adsorption amount was found to be 1.402 mg/g in the Langmuir model fitting results. The KF constant calculated by the Freundlich model was 0.645 and the adsorption strength (n) was 5.225. As a result, it can be concluded that the filter sand naturally coated by Na-birnessite in the treatment facility possesses the outstanding ability to remove dissolved manganese present in the wastewater. 본 연구에서는 광산배수 처리시설의 사여과조에 형성된 망간산화물 피복모래(manganese-oxide coated sand, MCS)를 흡착제로 활용하기 위한 기초실험을 수행하였다. XRD 분석결과 MCS의 표면에 피복된 망간산화물은 Na-Birnessite인 것으로 나타났다. pH, 반응시간 및 초기농도를 다르게 한 흡착 특성 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 pH 5이상에서 pH는 6.19±0.04로 수렴하였고, 흡착량은 1.47±0.11 mg/g의 흡착량을 보였다. 흡착속도 모델 결과에서는 반응속도가 매우 느린 것으로 나타났다. Langmuir 모델에 의해 도출된 최대 흡착량은 1.402 mg/g 이었으며, Freundlich 모델에서 KF은 0.645, 흡착강도(n)는 5.225로 흡착능력이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과, 광산배수 처리시설에서 자연스럽게 Na-birnessite로 피복된 여과사는 폐수 중에 존재하는 용존 망간 제거에 우수한 능력을 갖는 것으로 평가된다.

한창탄광 광산배수의 수질 특성 변화와 처리시설 정화효율에 관한 연구

지상우,김선준,고주인 한국자원공학회 2005 한국자원공학회지 Vol.42 No.1

Sampling of waters from each stage of the passive treatment system, waste rock pile seepage, and spring near the Hanchang coal mine of Kangwon Province were carried out seasonally and analyzed to evaluate the hydro-characteristic variation of mine drainage and the removal efficiency of the passive treatment system. Sulfur isotope compositions were measured to identify the sulfate reduction processes in the SAPS (Successive Alkalinity Producing System). The mine drainages from the Hanchang mine adit showed pH higher than 6.5 at all seasons but continuously increasing iron and sulfate concentrations. Spring waters near the mine were acidic(pH 3.29 ~ 4.57) and showed high concentration of aluminum and sulfate. The sulfate isotope and chemical composition of spring water implied that the oxidation of waste rock be the main factor which govern the quality of groundwater in the vicinity of the Hanchang mine. The acidity removal efficiency in the SAPS was 16.65g/m2/day as an average and the iron removal efficiency was 12.08g/m2/day as an average. However, no appreciable decrease of sulfur content and almost similar sulfur isotope compositions of water from each stage of the treatment system might suggest incomplete or very poor microbiological sulfate reduction. Also the acidity removal efficiencies of the SAPS and aerobic wetland decreased during the winter. 광산배수의 계절에 따른 수질 변화와 자연정화시설의 정화효율을 파악하기 위하여 강원도 평창군 소재 한창탄광에서 광산배수, 폐석침출수, 샘물 및 각 처리공정별 처리수에 대한 시료채취와 분석이 수행되었다. 또한 SAPS(Successive Alkalinity Producing System)에서의 황산염환원 반응여부를 인지하고자 황동위원소 조성분석이 수행되었다. 한창탄광의 갱구유출수는 6.5 이상의 pH를 유지하지만 Fe와 SO42-의 농도가 증가되는 경향을 갖는다. 부근 하천수의 수질은 석축침출수에 주로 영향을 받으며 유량의 변화에 따라 영향정도가 달라진다. 샘물은 pH 3.29∼4.57의 산성수이며 높은 Al과 SO42- 농도를 보인다. 샘물의 동위원소조성과 화학조성으로 볼 때 지하수의 수질에 영향을 미치는 것은 부근에 방치된 폐석의 산화에 의한 것으로 판단된다. SAPS의 산도 제거율은 평균 16.65 CaCO3 g/m2/day이며 Fe 제거율은 평균 12.08g/m2/day이다. 그러나 SO42- 농도가 거의 줄어들지 않고 황동위원소 조성의 변화도 거의 나타나지 않아 미생물에 의한 황산염환원이 일어나지 않거나 매우 약한 것으로 보인다. 또한 SAPS와 호기성소택지에서의 산도제거율은 겨울철에 매우 불량한 것으로 나타났다.