새로운 시민의 등장과 한국의 다문화현상: 결혼이주여성을 중심으로

조희원 ( Hee Won Cho ) 한국세계지역학회 2015 세계지역연구논총 Vol.33 No.3

이제 초국적 이주는 특정한 지역에만 한정된 특수한 현상이 아니다. 지구화가 가속화되어감에 따라 인간의 초국적 이주 현상은 보편적인 현상이 되어가고 있다. 이주민들은 국가의 영토적 경계를 벗어나 새롭게 이주한 국가에 거주하면서 본래의 국적을 유지하는 경우도 있고 이주한 국가에 귀화를 하는 경우도 있다. 한국사회도 1990년대 이후 급증하기 시작한 이주 현상으로 인해 다문화적 변화를 겪고 있다. 다양한 형태의 이주민들이 지속적으로 유입되면서 국적이나 시민권의 문제가 중요한 쟁점으로 부각되고 있다. 특히 임시체류자로 분류되는 이주민들과는 달리 결혼이주여성은 한국사회의 기본 단위인 가족을 구성하고 재생산을 담당하며 영주가 가능한 이주민이다. 그러나 결혼이주여성은 이주민인 동시에 여성이라는 이중적인소수자의 위치에서 이중적으로 배제의 대상이 되고 있다. 결혼이주여성은 한국사회의 중요한 구성원으로서의 역할을 하고 있으나 뿌리 깊은 편견과 제도적인 불평등으로 인해 매우 불안전한 위치에 머물러 있다. 따라서 결혼이주여성의 시민권에 대한 고찰은 이주민에 대한 인식과 사회통합방식에 대한 반성적 성찰을 가능하게 한다는 점에서 중요한 의미를 가진다고 볼수 있다. Now, transnational migration is not a special phenomenon limited only to particular areas. As globalization accelerates, human transnational migration has become a universal phenomenon. Some migrants retain their original nationality living in their new countries they migrated to out of the territorial boundary, or some become naturalized citizens of the new country. Since 1990, Korean society has suffered multicultural transformation through a fast growing migration. As various types of foreign migrants continue to come in, the issue of nationality or citizenship is being magnified as an important controversy. In particular, unlike migrant workers who are classed as temporary migrants, marriage immigrant women organizing a family which is a standard unit of Korean society and taking charge of reproduction are able to settle permanently. But marriage immigrant women are immigrants, and they lie concurrently in a position of minority. So they are doubly an object of exclusion. Although they are an important member of Korean society, they still stay in an unstable and dependent position. Therefore, a review on the citizenship of marriage immigrant women is significant in that it makes reflective introspection on awareness about foreign immigrants and a social integration method possible.

아동의 기질 및 주장적 행동과 어머니의 양육행동이 학업성취도에 미치는 영향

조희원(Hee Won Cho),박성연(Seong Yeon Park),지연경(Yeon Kyung Chee) 한국아동학회 2011 아동학회지 Vol.32 No.6

The purpose of the present study was to examine mechanisms by which the characteristics of child temperament influences academic achievement in late childhood. It was hypothesized that the effects of child temperament on achievement would be mediated by assertive behavior on the part of children and maternal parenting behavior. Data for this study came from self-report questionnaires completed by 657 elementary school children (343 boys, 314 girls). The results of structural equation modeling demonstrated that child temperament affected academic achievement through both assertive behavior and maternal parenting behavior; this was evidenced across the entire sample. Child temperament (approach- withdrawal, mood quality, persistence) also had a number of positive effects on assertive behavior (directiveness, social assertiveness, defense of rights and interests) and maternal parental behavior (warmth-acceptance, guidance). These results were found to be the case for both boys and girls. The results of this study further revealed that maternal parenting behavior mediated the relationship between child temperament and achievement for boys, whereas assertive behavior played the same role for girls. These findings suggest the need for different approaches in developing programs to improve levels of academic achievement which give due consideration to child temperament and social behavior as well as parenting, based on child gender.

지구화시대의 정치리더십에 관한 연구 -여성의 정치리더십을 중심으로-

조희원 ( Hee Won Cho ) 한국사회역사학회 2008 담론 201 Vol.11 No.1

Recently, in political area, women are challenging the position of top political leader which was known as the area of men in the past. So we can see women presidents or women prime ministers leading the national politics in the global dimension. The reason of women`s positions as political leaders is the social change resulting from globalization. Globalization is making people to exchange information beyond the boundary of local society and nation by the development of transportation and communication. Also it is bringing many changes in the social structure as well as the inside world of the individual. With globalization, as for the political leaders, a different leader is demanded that will substitute the traditional masculine political leader. In this sense, the upcoming of female gender-perceptive democratic political leader not only becomes a role model to the women, but also has its potential to change the frame of the existing politics.

결혼이주여성의 사회적 수용성 강화와 사회통합

조희원 ( Cho Hee Won ) 단국대학교 분쟁해결연구센터 2016 분쟁해결연구 Vol.14 No.3

Due to fast-growing immigrants, multiculturalism of all the countries of the world is facing crisis. But multiculturalism in Korean society is a big trend of globalization and at the same time it is being discussed as an alternative plan that we should pursue. However, marriage immigrant women are experiencing both discrimination as women and discrimination as immigrants, and due to the family structure based on paternal line, there is an increase in hierarchy of power between marriage immigrant women and their spouses. Although the index of gender equality in Korean society is rising, muticultural families still form the family structures based on paternal line, which makes home life more difficult. Currently, racial conflict, national conflict and religious conflict are still trivial in Korean society, but problems of discrimination and prejudice against marriage immigrant women who appeared as new citizens are emerging as a factor of a new social conflict. Before these conflicts increase, we should prepare a policy for reinforcement of social acceptability and social integration for marriage immigrant women. To realize this, we should push a policy to reflect the difference between marriage immigrant women and Koreans, and provide an interactive multicultural education for immigrants and Koreans. Also, there should be an education for domestic politics and an election system as well as an education for the importance as political existences of Korean society so that marriage immigrant women can grow to be independent citizens and exercise their proper right to suffrage.

한국의 다문화주의와 단일민족주의: 공존과 사회적 통합을 중심으로

조희원 ( Hee Won Cho ) 단국대학교 분쟁해결연구센터 2014 분쟁해결연구 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study is to seek measures for coexistence and social integration in Korea without conflicts between homogenous nationalism that has been the basis of Korean society and multiculturalism that appeared as foreign immigrants increased. Although many western countries are announcing abolition or failure of multiculturalism, in Korean society, multiculturalism is being considered as a huge flow of globalization and an alternative that we should pursue. It is said that because in the global flow of the multicultural age, an emphasis on ethnic identity could lead to closed nationalism, the idea of nationalism is a target to be eliminated. However, multiculturalism in Korea, not like western countries, should reflect the distinctiveness, that is, a divided nation, and multicultural policies should be established in a large frame, social integration, after unification. For this, multiculturalism and homogenous nationalism should not be considered contradicting or incompatible, and efforts to actively reflect and apply them in conceiving measures to overcome the state of division should be made.

예술의 자율성 (autonomie de l`art): 보들레르와 그린버그의 비교를 통하여

조희원 ( Cho Hee Won ) 한국미학회 2013 미학(美學) Vol.73 No.-

Cette etude a pour but de comparer l`autonomie de l`art de Baudelaire et celle de Greenberg et d`en proposer une possiblite de definir l`autonomie de l`art contemporain au sein de sa diversite. Des que le mot modernisme est apparu dans l`histoire de l`art, il est vrai que plusieurs notions d`autonomie de l`art ont ete proposees. En depit de cela, notre etude est centree sur la comparaison entre l`autonomie de l`art de Greenberg et celle de Baudelaire. Car les deux personnages sont toujours evoques dans les debats concernant l`art moderne. Greenberg, ayant le positivisme et le formalisme kantien, affirme le dualisme du sujet/objet. Par contre, Baudelaire franchit le dualisme pose par le logocentrisme et approche du paradoxe, qui correspond e une coexistence du solidaire et du solitaire. Dans ce cadre, nous avons vu leurs differentes visions au niveau du sujet, du present, de lhistoire et de l`autonomie de l`art. De ce fait, nous avons pu constater que l`autonomie de l`art chez Baudelaire merite d`etre examinee de plus pres en tant que caracteristique de l`art contemporain, parce qu`il est passe a une nouvelle phase de l`epistemologie.

한국의 낙태규제정책

조희원(Hee Won Cho) 경희대학교 인류사회재건연구원 2013 OUGHTOPIA Vol.28 No.1

본 논문의 목적은 한국의 낙태규제정책이 시대적 변화의 요청에 부응하지 못한채 오랫동안 큰 변화 없이 그대로 유지되어 온 결과 많은 문제점을 발생시키고 있으므로 입법 당시와는 달라진 사회현상을 반영하여 변화되어야 함을 밝히는데 있다. 그동안 한국정부는 인구조절을 위해 가족계획사업을 실시해 왔는데 이 때 낙태는 출산규제를 위한 중요한 수단이 되었다. 그러나 출산율이 급격히 떨어진 현재는 출산율을 늘리기 위한 방편으로 낙태를 엄격히 금지하고 있다. 이것은 출산의 주체인 여성의 자유와 요구를 억압하고 사법적 통제와 의료?기술적 통제를 통해 여성의 몸을 출산정책의 수단으로 규정하고 도구화 하는 것을 의미한다. 정부의 정책이 당사자를 억압하거나 배제하면서 그들의 의사와는 다른 방향으로 추진된다면 그 효과를 기대하기 어려울 것이다. 따라서 하나의 독립된 행위라기보다는 다양한 사회적?개인적 삶의 맥락 속에서 일어나는 낙태문제는 출산정책과 구분하여 추진되어야 하며, 여성들이 낙태를 할 수 밖에 없는 상황에 대한 이해가 선행되어야 한다. 더불어 개개인이 처한 삶의 다층적인 면을 반영한 낙태정책, 낙태문제의 당사자인 여성의 선택권이 존중되는 낙태정책이 이루어져야 한다고 본다. This paper insists that the abortion restriction policy of Korea has been maintained without a great change for a long term, failing to respond to the request of change under the new era, and as a result, many problems have arisen, so that this policy should be changed according to a new social phenomenon that is different from that of legislation time. In the meantime, Korean government has implemented the family planning project for population control, when an abortion was used as an important means for birth control. However, currently a birth rate drastically dropped, so as a measure for increasing the birth rate, abortion is strictly prohibited. This means that the freedom and request of a woman, a main agent, is suppressed and also through legal restrictions and medical and technical restrictions, the body of a woman is defined as a method of birth policy and is treated as a tool. If the government policy suppresses or excludes a person directly involved, pursued toward a direction different from her intention, it will be difficult to expect the effect of the policy. Therefore, the abortion problem that arises in the context of various social and personal lives rather than being seen as an independent choice should be pursued differently from birth policy, and it should be preceded to understand a situation where females cannot help choosing abortion. Together with this, an abortion policy should be created, by which the right of choice of women involved in the abortion problem and abortion policy reflecting multi-level aspects of each personal different life should be respected.

“현대적 삶의 화가” , 마네(E. Manet): 보들레르의 현대회화론을 중심으로

조희원 ( Hee Won Cho ) 한국미학회 2014 미학(美學) Vol.77 No.-

Cette etude a pour but d`etudier le caractere de la peinture de Manet par l`intermediaire de la relation avec Baudelaire. Cela nous permet d`examiner Manet comme peintre de la vie moderne. Manet, qui est au courant de l`idee de Baudelaire concernant l`art moderne, essayait de realiser a sa propre maniere l`autonomie de l`art dans ses toiles. Il s`agit donc l`intention de Manet. D`abord, nous avons vu leurs differentes perspectives sur la methode de peinture moderne. Tandis que Baudelaire propose une theorie de l`art moderne basee sur anti-representation, Manet fait la synthese du passe en refaisant les oeuvres des maitres anciens malgre son amitie vers Baudelaire. Cependant, Manet a realise un tableau sans signification voire autonome a travers la representation conventionelle qui trouble Baudelaire. Cela correspond a l`intention de Manet, qui vise a realiser la theorie baudelairienne de l`art moderne et l`auotonomie de l`art. De ce fait, nous avons concu l`originalite de la peinture de Manet au niveau thematique et formelle, et nous l`avons reconnu le peintre de la vie moderne.

보들레르의 플라뇌르-예술가(flaneur-artiste) 개념 연구: 한국 선불교의 불이론적 이원론(不二論的 二元論)을 바탕으로

조희원 ( Hee Won Cho ) 한국미학회 2008 미학(美學) Vol.56 No.-

보들레르의 예술가-주체(sujet-artiste) 개념과 상상력(imagination)

조희원 ( Hee Won Cho ) 한국미학회 2010 미학(美學) Vol.63 No.-