韓國鐵鋼産業の對日質的貿易競爭力に關する硏究

한기조 ( Han Ki-jo ) 한국일본근대학회 2016 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.54

本稿は、韓國鐵鋼産業の日本との貿易において質的な競爭力の變化をみるために、2000年から2014年までを硏究期間として一般的な貿易競爭力の分析と伴って産業內貿易の分析を行った。分析の結果を纏めると次のようになる。第一に、韓國鐵鋼産業は日本との貿易において競合的なその他鐵鋼製品を除いて板類、棒形鋼、素材類など競爭力が弱いと測定された。特に素材類と板類の競爭力が弱いと算出された。しかし日本に對する競爭力が弱いというものの、そのほどが改善の傾向にあるのは確である。第二に、韓國のほどんとの鐵鋼品目が比較優位にあると測定された。特に板類と棒形鋼類が依然として比較優位を維持している。第三に、日本との貿易における質的な貿易競爭力をみるために、産業內貿易の分析を行ったが、鐵鋼産業全體としては、貿易額基準では去る14年間に韓國鐵鋼産業が日本との貿易においてほとんど質的な競爭力あるいは比較優位の改善がみられなかった。だが、品目數基準ではVIIT^Lが大きく縮小し、VIIT^Hが2000年の水準が維持され、またHIITも大きく擴大して同期間に鐵鋼産業の質的な競爭力あるいは比較優位が改善されたことが觀察された。だが、依然として優位品質の貿易よりは劣位品質の貿易が多く行われているのは確かである。 This paper is to conduct intra-industry trade analysis including general trade competitiveness analysis in order to evaluate the change of quality competitiveness in the Korea steel industry in trade with Japan during the period of 2000-2014. First, Korean steel industry appears to be weak such as plate, bar & section steel, steel materials, etc except competitive `other steel products` in the trade with Japan. Especially, it shows that competitiveness of plate, steel materials appears to be weak. However, competitiveness towards Japan is weak, that degree is inclined to improve. Second, the most of South Korea`s steel items were measured as the comparative advantage. In particular, plate and bar are appeared still to maintain the comparative advantage. Third, as intra-industry trade is analyzed in order to evaluate the qualitative trade competitiveness in the trade with Japan, Korean steel industry`s improvement of qualitative competitiveness in the trade with Japan in almost every items during previous 14 years were not found based on trade volume itself in overall steel industry. However, in terms of number of item, as VIIT^L is sharply reduced, VIIT^H is maintained the level of 2000 and HIIT is pretty much enlarged, it is acknowledged that quality competitiveness and general competitiveness in Korean steel industry were improved. But, it shows that Korea is exporting much more inferior quality steel products rather than exporting superior quality steeel products.

선사와 하주간의 전략적 제휴 성공요인에 관한 실증연구

한기조(Ki-Jo Han),박영태(Young-Tae Park),정다현(Da-Hyun Jung) 한국무역학회 2009 무역학회지 Vol.34 No.3

This paper analyses the success factors of strategic alliance between Korean shipping companies and Korean shippers entering the international logistics market. The analysis results are as follows. First, we verify that the most important success variable is the communication factor which consisted with reliability, compatibility, cooperative reliable infra, voluntary efforts and concentrative power, and easily approachable channels. Second, the important success variable is the general factor which consisted with the more obvious recognitions on the alliance field and goals, sharing and agree with vision and target, CEO's recognition and will, understanding level to share of business cooperation, distribution of result and allotment of risk, result management system, characteristic of object that becomes joint investment, internal ability, level with resource that can be supplemented mutually, flexible decision-making system, jointly participating in the decision making, ets. It was specially verified as the success factor that the construction of easily approachable communication channels between shipping companies and shippers, and the more obvious recognitions on the alliance field and goals are important. Finally, it has come out that the effect of global is larger than the one of shipping companies' competitive improvement as the effect of the improvement from the alliance between shipping companies and shippers. Namely, the effect of the improvement of the international logistics service is the largest. And the effect is large in order of entry into the international logistics market, improvement of cost competitiveness, construction of global network, prevention of all-out competition, improvement of terminal management ability, ets.

한중 IT산업의 질적 무역경쟁력 추정

한기조(Ki-Jo Han) 한국무역연구원 2021 무역연구 Vol.17 No.1

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to estimate the qualitative trade competitiveness of Korea with China relative to the information technology (IT) industry covering the period from 2007 to 2017. Design/Methodology/Approach We estimated a net trade competitiveness index;which eliminates comparative disadvantages from comparative advantages;and a quality trade competitiveness using the tornqvist index. Findings In terms of general trade competitiveness;the IT industry has consistently a comparative advantage in trade with China;but the level of that has weakened since 2011. It also found that all product categories except computers and communication apparatus have continuous comparative advantage;but the degree of comparative advantage in all product categories has weakened except for equipment for manufacturing flat-panel displays. Moreover;results show that in terms of the Korea-China trade structure based on the quality of comparative advantage and disadvantage;Korea is mainly a trade structure that exports high-quality products and imports low-quality products. Finally;the results of measuring the quality change in export products show only slight quality improvements in passive components (of communication apparatus);parts;semiconductors and electron tubes;and the quality has improved in all but these product categories. Research Implications Results show that as the comparative advantage of Korea has weakened since 2011 in trade with China;China is playing catch-up quite quickly in terms of semiconductors;flat-panel displays and sensors. In addition;the quality of semiconductors;electron tubes and passive components have improved only a little. This indicates that China’s catch-up is fast in standardized products and competition is intensifying. Therefore;efforts on the part of Korea are required to ease such export bias and take the technology gaps through innovation in the production process and R&D in non-memories fields as well as memories fields in IT industry.

웹툰 기반 좀비 아포칼립스 드라마 <지금 우리 학교는>에 나타난 감정 윤리와 각색의 정동적 구조

조한기(Jo, Han-ki) 우리문학회 2025 우리문학연구 Vol.- No.87

본 논문은 넷플릭스 오리지널 드라마 <지금 우리 학교는>이 보여주는 감정 윤리의 구조와 각색 전략을 중심으로, 좀비 아포칼립스 장르가 어떻게 감정 실천의 윤리적 서사로 전환되는지를 분석한다. 원작 웹툰은 2010년대 한국 청소년 사회의 정서 병리를 중심으로 감정을 개인화하고 병리화했다. 이에 반해, 드라마는 세월호 참사, 코로나19 팬데믹 이후의 감정 구조를 반영하여, 제도적 무능 속에서도 관계와 돌봄, 응답의 윤리적 가능성을 실천하는 정동적 서사로 각색되었다. 본 연구는 사라 아메드의 정동 이론을 중심으로, 감정이 단순한 내면의 상태가 아니라 사회적 관계 속에서 윤리적 질서를 형성하는 접착적 힘임을 전제하고, 감염자–면역자–포기된 타자 등의 구분을 통해 감정 윤리의 가능성과 파열을 교차적으로 분석한다. 특히 ‘죽이지 않는 선택’, ‘유예’, ‘기다림’, ‘침묵’ 등의 반복되는 정동 실천이 어떻게 공동체 재구성의 서사적 기반으로 작동하는지를 조망하며, 좀비 캐릭터를 통해 감정 실천의 윤리성과 사회적 응답 가능성을 재해석한다. 이를 통해 드라마 <지금 우리 학교는>은 좀비 아포칼립스 장르를 경유해 미래세대가 처한 실존적 위기와 감정적 재난에 대한 응답 서사로 기능함을 밝히고자 한다. This study examines the interplay of affective ethics and adaptation strategies in the Netflix original series All of Us Are Dead, analyzing how it reimagines the zombie apocalypse genre as an ethical narrative grounded in emotional practice. While the original webtoon portrayed the emotional pathologies of Korean youth in the 2010s as individualized and internalized, the drama adaptation reflects the affective landscape of Korean society in the aftermath of the Sewol Ferry disaster and the COVID-19 pandemic. It reconfigures the genre into a narrative of relational ethics and affective care amid institutional failure. Drawing on Sara Ahmed’s affect theory, this study reconceptualizes emotion not as an internal state, but as a binding force that shapes ethical order through social relations. By presenting differentiated portrayals of infected, immune, and abandoned subjects, the drama reveals both the potential and the rupture of affective ethics. In particular, repeated affective acts such as “not killing,” “deferral,” “waiting,” and “silence” function as narrative foundations for imagining communal reconstitution. This analysis interprets the series as more than a survival narrative, framing it as an ethical response to the existential and emotional crises confronting younger generations. All of Us Are Dead thus reconceives the zombie genre as a medium for ethical imagination and affective responsiveness in times of systemic collapse.

영화 속 늑대인간 캐릭터의 상징성에 관한 일고찰 - ‘중층기술’ 개념에 착안한 스토리텔링 방법론을 중심으로

조한기 ( Jo Han Ki ) 경희대학교 인문학연구원 2024 인문학연구 Vol.- No.61

For a long period of time, a werewolf had been specified as a character which wonder between the civilized world and the nature. Especially in image narratives, a werewolf had been often used as a subject to generate visual and aural fear by highlighting its ‘wildness’. However, among those artwork, some unconventionally points out the hidden message behind the ‘transformation’ of human into a werewolf. These works point the way to look into the subconscious anxiety of human society or a secret desire which are triggered in a certain way. This study aims to propose an introductory methodology for analysis of storytelling by utilize the theological frame of ‘Thick Description’ proposed by Clifford Geertz, a cultural anthropologist, to effectively execute these analyses. The subjects of this study are films featuring a werewolf which nullify the ruling values in that society. Through this effort, the symbolic reasoning of human society to otherize a werewolf has been examined in multiple layers. Moreover, we can confirm that a werewolf can act as an existence to reflect ‘our otherized selves’. I sincerely hope that this study will contribute in analyzing storytelling of similar contents and draw out the story value.

中国自動車部品産業の対日質的貿易競争力の研究

韓基早 ( Han Ki-jo ),金玲槿 ( Kim Yung-keun ) 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.63

本稿は中国自動車部品産業を対象に2000-15年間日本との貿易における一般的な貿易競争力の分析と共に質的な貿易競争力の分析を行い、次のような結果が得られた。 第一に、中国自動車部品産業は日本との貿易において貿易赤字が続いてきたが、2010年をピックにその後大きく縮小した。 第二に、エンジンとその部分品は依然として比較劣位におかれていたが、シャシと車体は比較劣位から優位に転じて貿易競争力が強くなった。そして自動車用部分品及び附属品は2010年以後比較劣位から競合的になり、貿易競争力の改善が確認された。 最後に、質的な貿易競争力であるが、貿易額基準では、VIITHのシェアは大きく増加したが、依然としてVIITLとHIITのシェアより小さく、VIITLのシェアが若干増加し、HIITのシェアが大きく縮小したので、中国自動車部品産業の質的な競争力はそれほど大きく改善されてこなかった。ところが、品目数基準では、同期間にVIITHのシェアはやや増加したが、依然としてVIITLとHIITのシェアよりずっと小さく、VIITLのシェアが大幅に縮小し、HIITのシェアが大きく拡大したので、中国自動車部品産業の質的な競争力は大きく改善してきたと言える。即ち中国自動車部品産業は、日本に対して貿易額基準では、依然として劣位品質の品目および競合的なものを輸出し、優位品質のものを輸入してきたが、品目数基準では、劣位品質より競合的なものをより多く輸出し、優位品質の品目を輸入してきたことが確認された。 This study analyze and compare the qualitative trade competitiveness of China with Japan relative to the auto parts industry from 2000 to 2015. The results and findings are as follows. First, China has continued to show a trade deficit with Japan in the auto parts industry, but it has been significantly reduced since peaking in 2010. Second, while it was confirmed that the engine and its parts were comparatively inferior to the Japanese, the chassis and the body were switched into comparative advantage over the comparative disadvantage. In addition, the competitiveness of parts and accessories for automobile have been improved over the study period since 2010. Finally, on the basis of trade value, the qualitative analysis of trade competitiveness shows that the qualitative trade competitiveness of the Chinese auto parts industry has not been improved significantly. VIITH’s proportion in IIT (total intra-industry trade) has greatly increased, but VIITH’s proportion is still smaller than VIITL and HIIT, VIITL is slightly increased, and HIIT’s propotion is greatly reduced. However, on the basis of the number of items, it can be considered that the qualitative trade competitiveness of China’s auto parts industry has greatly improved, since the proportion of VIITH in IIT has slightly increased, but it is still much smaller than that of VIITL and HIIT, and the proportion of VIITL has greatly decreased and the proportion of HIIT has greatly expanded, In other words, China mainly exports low quality and competitive items to Japan, but it shows that it exports more competitive items than low quality items in the automobile parts industry.

민병훈 영화의 영화적 리듬과 알레고리

조한기(Jo, Han-Ki),안숭범(Ahn, Soong-Beum) 인문콘텐츠학회 2015 인문콘텐츠 Vol.0 No.39

이 글은 민병훈의 첫 장편연출작인 <벌이 날다>의 심미적 측면을 밝히기 위해 두 가지 관점에서 분석을 행한다. 먼저, 결정적 순간에 등장하는 롱테이크 쇼트 안에 담긴 ‘영화적 리듬’과 그로부터 파생하는 ‘시적 정서의 형성’에 대해 논의한다. 그 다음으로는, ‘시적 정서의 연결’을 이끌어내는 특유의 알레고리(Allegory)에 대해 언급한다. 심층적 분석을 위해 타르코프스키의 자전적 영화예술론에 해당하는 『봉인된 시간』과 벤야민의 알레고리론을 엿볼 수 있는 『독일 비애극의 원천』을 이론적 배경으로 삼았다. 분석 결과, <벌이 날다>의 롱테이크 쇼트들은 독특한 ‘영화적 리듬’을 보여주었다. 기능적인 면에서는, 우선적으로 주피사체인 인물의 내면에 대한 정보를 주고, 주변인물과의 관계망을 환기시켰다. 더 중요한 것은, 인과적 논리로 환원되지 않는 직관적인 정조를 이끌어내면서 ‘시적 정서의 형성’에 기여한다는 사실이다. 한편, <벌이 날다>의 시적 정서는 삽화식 구성을 통해 형식적․내용적으로 연결되었으며 벤야민식 알레고리를 환기시켰다. 예컨대, ‘장군과 벌에 관한 우화’와 ‘동화같은 아노르의 현실 이야기’는 유의미하게 중첩되면서 벤야민식 알레고리의 일면을 보여주었다. 덧붙여, <벌이 날다>의 리얼리즘적 연출, 혹은 다큐멘터리적 개성은 영화의 메시지를 시대적 맥락과의 조응을 거쳐 읽어내도록 유도한다. 이러한 형식적 특성도 <벌이 날다>의 시적 정서가 연결되는 과정에 중요한 영향을 미친 것으로 보인다. 이 글을 경유해 실제 가치에 비해 조명을 받지 못한 소규모 독립영화, 예술영화에 대한 학술적 관심이 이어지길 기대한다. This study attempted to analyze the aesthetic aspect of Min Byeong-hun’s first novel <The Bee Flies> from the two perspectives. First, it discusses the ‘formation of the poetic emotion’ shown at the long-take shot at the crucial moment and the ‘cinematic rhythm’ driven from it. And it mentioned the unique Allegory that elicits the ‘connection of the poetic emotion’. For in –depth analysis, It adopted the theoretical background of 『The Sealed Time』 pertaining Andrey Tarkovskiy‘s autobiographical theory of the art of the cinema and 『The Origin of German Tragic Drama』 showing Walter Benjamin’s theory of Allegory The analysis of <The Bee Flies> long-take shots exhibited a peculiar ‘cinematic rhythm’. In functional terms, it first gave information about the main character’s inner side and aroused the relational net with the surrounding characters. Mostly, it contributed the ‘formation of poetic emotion’ through leading intuitive emotional flow not from the cause and result logic. Also, the poetic emotion of <The Bee Flies> connected the form and content through its illustration composition style and aroused Benjanmin’s Allegory. As an example, ‘Fable on the General and the Bee’ and ‘A Story on the Fairy-tale Reality of Anor’ are overlapped significantly and exhibited a part of Benjanmin’s Allegory. In addition, the realistic directing or documentary characteristic of the movie <The Bee Flies> is to induce the message through the correspondence and context of the time This formal characteristic also seems to be an important effect to connect the process of the poetic emotion of <The Bee Flies>. It is expected that this study will lead to academic interests in unilluminated small-scale independent movies and artistic movies that are underestimated from their value.

SF영화 속 AI 캐릭터의 이미지와 정체성 연구 - ‘파편화된 타자’의 형상을 중심으로-

조한기 ( Jo Han-ki ) 경희대학교 인문학연구원 2018 인문학연구 Vol.0 No.36

미래 기술에 대한 다양한 예측은 특히 SF 장르를 경유해 대중의 상상력을 자극해 왔다. 그중 AI 캐릭터는 일종의 ‘유사인간’으로서 첨단화된 기술과 인간의 긴장관계를 핍진하게 재현하는 소재로서 활용되어 왔다. 이들 캐릭터는 과학기술에 의해 창조된 피조물이라는 특성을 이유로 인간에게 종속된 부차적인 존재로서 자주 활용되어 왔다. 그런 면에서 서사무대 속에서 재현되는 AI 캐릭터와 인간의 주종관계는 일정부분 피식민자와 식민자의 위계 관계와 유사성을 보이기도 한다. 그런데 최근 일부 작품의 경우 인간과 AI 캐릭터 간의 관계를 다른 시각으로 조망하기도 한다. AI 캐릭터를 통해 당대의 가치관을 전복할지도 모르는 타자화된 존재에 대한 불안 심리를 재현하는 것이다. 이들의 이러한 전복성은 인간사회의 전통적인 가치질서를 바라보는 다른 관점을 환기한다. 본 연구는 이 같은 관점을 밝히기 위해 AI 캐릭터를 탈식민주의 연구자인 프란츠 파농의 논의를 통해 검토해 보았다. 연구대상은 당대 사회적 이념과 기술에 대한 전망이 드러나는 AI 캐릭터 소재의 하드 SF 영화들이다. 파농의 논의를 적용해 보자면, 여기서 AI 캐릭터의 정체성은 일종의 ‘파편화된 타자’의 형상으로 읽힌다. 이 작업을 통해 AI 캐릭터를 타자화시킨 인간사회의 상징적인 층위를 다면적으로 변별할 수 있었다. 또한 AI 캐릭터를 통해 당대 인간사회의 배타적 폭력과 타자화의 욕망을 반성적으로 성찰할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구가 유사 장르의 문화사회학적 함의를 읽어내는 데 도움이 될 수 있길 바란다. Many predictions regarding future technology have stimulated imaginations of the public, especially through the genre of science-fiction (SF). The AI characters, as a form of “quasi-humans,” have been utilized as materials for verisimilar reproduction of the strained relationship between advanced technology and human beings. On the grounds that the AI characters are creations of scientific technology, they have often been utilized as secondary existence subordinate to human beings. In that aspect, the master-servant relationship between humans and AIs reproduced in narratives bear some resemblance to the hierarchical relationship between the colonists and the colonized. However, some recent pieces of work view the relationship between humans and AIs in a different perspective. Through the AI characters, the movies reproduce human’s anxiety for the fragmented other that may cause the subversion of values of that time period. Such subversion calls attention to another perspective on the traditional value order of the human society. This study examined the AI characters through the arguments of the postcolonialism researcher Frantz Fanon in order to identify these points. The subjects of the research were hard SF movies with AI characters that reflect the prospect of social ideologies and technologies seen during that time period. Upon the application of the arguments of Fanon, the identity of the AI characters in such movies is interpreted as a form of “fragmented other.” Through this work, it was possible to differentiate, in multiple aspects, the symbolic layers of human society that otherized the AI characters. This study also allowed for the confirmation that through the AI characters, it is possible to introspect on the violence of exclusion and desire for otherization visible in the human society during that time period. It is hoped that this study will provide assistance in perusing the cultural sociological implications of similar genres.

한국 자동차부품산업의 질적 무역경쟁력 연구

한기조(Han Ki-jo),김영근(Kim Yung-keun) 한일경상학회 2018 한일경상논집 Vol.80 No.-

본고는 2000-2015년을 연구기간으로 하여 한국 자동차부품산업의 일본에 대한 질적무역경쟁력을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 및 시사점을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국 자동차부품산업은 일본과의 무역에서 막대한 무역적자를 내고 있으며, 수출 및 수입 품목의 편중 현상도 심하며, 특히 수입 품목의 편중이 심하다. 즉, 기어 박스, 엔진, 엔진 전용 부분품의 수입 편중이 매우 심하며, 이들 품목의 대일 무역적자에 대한 부정적 기여도가 매우 크다. 둘째, 일본과의 무역에서 엔진 차체 및 섀시는 연구기간 내내비교열위에 있었다. 부분품과 부속품도 대체로 열위 품목이 많았지만 2005년 이후 비교우위로의 개선이 두드러진다. 이처럼 자동차부품산업은 일본과의 무역에서 무역적자를 기록하고 있음에도 불구하고 비교우위를 보이고 있어 다른 산업에 비해 일반적인 무역경쟁력이 지속적으로 개선되어 왔음을 알 수 있다. 그러나 셋째, 질적 무역경쟁력 분석 결과, 무역액 기준 및 품목수 기준 모두에서 2000-2015년간 수평적 사업내무역(HIIT) 및 우위품질의 산업내무역(VIITH) 비중이 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 자동차부품산업이 일본과의 무역에서 주로 열위품질의 품목을 수출하고 우위품질의 품목을 수입해왔음을 의미한다. 기어 박스, 엔진 및 엔진 전용의 부분품도 모두 마찬가지다. 단, 열위품질의 산업내무역(VIITL)이 축소하고 우위품질의 산업내무역(VIITH)이 증가하고 있어 자동차부품산업의 질적 무역경쟁력은 조금씩 개선되어 왔음을 발견할 수 있다. 따라서 일본과의 무역에서 일부 품목의 수출입 편중이라는 비정상적 무역구조를 해소하기 위한 노력과 기어 박스, 엔진, 엔진전용 부분품의 품질 향상을 위한 정부차원의 지원과 지속적인 R&D를 통한 질적 무역경쟁력 향상 및 수출입시장의 다변화가 요구된다. This study analyze the qualitative trade competitiveness of Korea to Japan in auto parts industry for the years, 2000-2015. The results and findings are as follows. First, the trade competitiveness of Korea was lower than Japan in engine, body, and chassis for the periods. While there were many of lower competitive items in parts and accessories, the number of items were getting decreased after year 2005. In spite of the consistent trade deficit to Japan in this industry, the trade competitiveness of Korea had shown the continuous improvement, relatively to other industries. Second, this qualitative analysis of trade competitiveness shows that both proportions of HIIT and VIITH were not so big in analysis of IIT based on the trade amount and the number of trade items for the periods. This result implies that Korea had mainly exported low quality items to, and imported high quality items from Japan. However, since VIITL has been shrinking but VIITH has been increasing, it shows that the qualitative trade competitiveness has been improving little by little in this industry. Finally, it was found that the Korean auto parts industry has a huge trade deficit to Japan, the concentration in exports and imports is high, and particularly high in imports. That is, it shows a serious bias of gear boxes, engine and engine parts in import. Also, Korea had mainly exported low quality items and imported high quality items. Therefore, the efforts to address the abnormal biased trade structure of some items in trade with Japan, and the government supports for improving the quality of gearbox, engine and engine parts are required. In addition, government-level support for quality improvement and the improvement of qualitative trade competitiveness through continuous R&D and diversification of export and export markets would be very helpful to solve those problems.

선진국과 저소득국 사이의 수출입 바기닝 파워 - 1980년 및 1990년을 중심으로

한기조(Han Ki Jo) 한국사회경제학회 2007 사회경제평론 Vol.- No.28

  본 연구의 목적은 소니와 디 피에트로의 모델을 이용하여 선진국과 저소득국의 수출입 바기닝 파워를 산출하는 것에 의해 프레비시가 제기한 저소득국의 교역조건의 장기적 악화 가설을 검증하는 데에 있다. 소니와 디 피에트로의 모델에 의해 산출한 저소득국의 바기닝 파워 값은 과대 산출된다는 한계성이 있기는 하나, 산출한 1974년도, 1980년도 및 1990년도의 선진국 및 저소득국의 바기닝 파워 값은 프레비시 가설을 지지하고 있다. 또한 선진국은 수출입시장에서 수출입 바기닝 파워의 결정자로서 독점적인 우위를 점하고 있다는 사실도 도출되었다. 바로 그러한 선진국의 독점적 우위가 수출 및 수입에서 저소득국의 판매력 및 구매력에 지대한 영향력을 미치고 있으며 결과적으로 교역조건에 영향을 미친다고 하겠다.   The purpose of this paper is to examine the secular deterioration hypothesis with respect to the terms of trade for underdeveloped countries by using the model of Sahwney and Di Pietro in terms of the importing and exporting bargaining power. Although, in general, it is known that the model is likely to overestimate the value of the bargaining power of those countries, the value in years of 1974, 1980 and 1990 we calculated with data of those years supports the Prebisch hypothesis<BR>  It is also verified that developed countries have been occupying monopolistic domination as a bargaining power determiner in the import and export market. The study concludes that such monopolistic domination of the developed countries has correctly exerted a large influence on the bargaining power and the Terms of Trade of underdeveloped countries in international trade.