Exploring histological predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy response in non–small cell lung cancer

조의주,임소영,박형순 대한병리학회 2024 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.58 No.2

Treatment challenges persist in advanced lung cancer despite the development of therapies beyond the traditional platinum-based chemotherapy. The early 2000s marked a shift to tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting epidermal growth factor receptor, ushering in personalized genetic-based treatment. A further significant advance was the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially for non–small cell lung cancer. These target programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4, which enhanced the immune response against tumor cells. However, not all patients respond, and immune-related toxicities arise. This review emphasizes identifying biomarkers for ICI response prediction. While PD-L1 is a widely used, validated biomarker, its predictive accuracy is imperfect. Investigating tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tertiary lymphoid structure, and emerging biomarkers such as high endothelial venule, human leukocyte antigen class I, T-cell immunoreceptors with Ig and ITIM domains, and lymphocyte activation gene-3 counts is promising. Understanding and exploring additional predictive biomarkers for ICI response are crucial for enhancing patient stratification and overall care in lung cancer treatment.

해양교통 사고예방 및 어업 정보화를 위한 디지털통신 시스템 발전에 관한 연구

조의주,김천석,Cho, Eui-Joo,Kim, Chun-Suk 한국전자통신학회 2008 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.3 No.3

본 연구에서는, 현재 어업정보 통신시스템의 개발 현황과 어업환경 변화에 의한 통신 시스템의 발전 방향을 제시 하고자 한다. In this study, proposes development present condition of fishery information communication system and development direction of communication system by fishery environment change.

TMO를 이용한 생체정보 수신모듈 구현

조의주,김천석,김광준,Cho, Eui-Joo,Kim, Chun-Suk,Kim, Gwang-Gun 한국전자통신학회 2008 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.3 No.4

객체 지향 실시간 통신 분산 프로그래밍 구조를 구체적으로 나타내기 위해 시간 구동과 메시지 구동 (TMO : Time-triggered Message-triggered Object Model)에 대한 구조를 일반적인 형태의 구조로 모델링 하였으며, 이러한 모델링은 분산된 실시간 통신 객체와 비실시간 객체를 포함하여야 하고, 메시지 구동과 시간 구동을 모든 객체 구조 형태에 적용함으로서 실시간 통신 프로그래밍 설계가 이루어질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 TMO 구조를 이용하여 실시간 통신 시뮬레이션 프로그래밍을 하기 위해 환자 모니터 원격진료 시스템 응용 환경에 적용하였다. Central Monitor로부터 전송되어진 환자의 생체정보 Raw Data가 HIS의 데이터 수신 모듈을 통해 사용가능한 데이터로 재구성될 수 있도록 설계가 이루어져 있다. The TMO may contain two types of methods, time-triggered methods(also called the spontaneous methods of SpMs) which are clearly separated from the conventional service methods (SvMs). The SpM executions are triggered upon design time whereas the SvM executions are triggered by service request message from clients. In this paper, we describes the application environment as the patient monitor telemedicine system with TMO structure. Vital sign information web viewer systems is also the standard protocol for medical image and transfer. In order to embrace new technologies as telemedicine service, it is important to develope the standard protocol between different systems in the hospital, as well as the communication with external hospital systems.

Clinicopathological Features of Rare BRAF Mutations in Korean Thyroid Cancer Patients

조의주,배자성,오우진,박경신,이연수,이영섭,정찬권,이소희 대한의학회 2014 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.29 No.8

The most common BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer is c.1799T > A (p.Val600Glu), andother BRAF mutations are rarely reported. We investigated the clinicopathological featuresof thyroid cancer with rare BRAF mutations. A total of 2,763 patients with thyroid cancerunderwent molecular testing by direct DNA sequencing for mutations in BRAF exon 15. Among them, 2,110 (76.4%) had BRAF mutations. The c.1799T > A mutation was foundin 2,093 (76.9%) of 2,722 papillary carcinomas and in one of 7 medullary carcinomas. Sixteen cases (0.76%) harbored rare mutation types. Five cases had single-nucleotidesubstitutions, 5 cases had small in-frame deletion or insertion, and one harbored a twonucleotidesubstitution. Of these mutations, 2 were novel (c.1797_1798insGAGACTACA,c.[1799T > A; 1801_1812del]). The c.1801A > C mutation was identified in 4 follicularvariant papillary carcinomas and one follicular carcinoma. None of the patients with thec.1801A > C mutation showed extrathyroidal extension or lymph node metastasis. Theprevalence of rare BRAF mutations was 0.76% of all BRAF-positive thyroid cancers, andthe rare mutations were associated with less aggressive pathologic features. AlthoughBRAF mutations are detected exclusively in papillary carcinoma, they are also found inmedullary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma.

계기착륙방식(ILS)의 변조방식에 관한 고찰

조의주,신현식,윤석민 한국전자통신학회 2007 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.2 No.3

계기착륙시스템의 특징은 입체적인 항공기 유도신호 즉, 방위각정보, 활공각정보 그리고 거리정보를 제공한 다는 것이다. 따라서, 계기착륙시스템을 연구하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 이들 유도신호의 특성을 정확하게 이 해하는 것이 중요하다. 본 발표문에서는 게기착륙시스템이 항공기에 제공하는 유도신호의 기본원리인 공간변조에 대해서 논의함으 로써 계기착륙시스템을 심도있게 이해하는데 도움이 되고자 하였다. 우선적으로 공간변조의 기본개념을 설명 하였으며, 이와 함께 공간 변조된 신호가 항공기 수신기에 영향을 주어 방위각 및 활공각이 표시되기까지 전 반적인 과정을 DDM(difference in depth of modulation) 및 항공기 수신기의 동작원리와 관련시켜 설명하였 다.

Investigation and Standardization on Current Practice of Renal Transplant Pathology in Korea

조의주,서광선,기정혜,최영진,Renal Pathology Study Group of Korean Society of Pathologists 대한이식학회 2017 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.31 No.4

We need to establish an informative guideline to increase inter-institutional and inter-observer reproducibility of renal transplant diagnosis, and to improve the diagnostic ability of pathologists in Korea. A first nation-wide survey for renal transplant pathology was conducted by Renal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists in 2016, to provide the continued excellence in the transplantation pathology laboratory, and to improve the diagnostic ability for the best treatment of transplant patients. This survey revealed the significant variations in scale, work load and biopsy indications for the renal transplant pathology in various institutions in Korea. The Banff classification were used by all institutions for the diagnosis of renal transplant pathology, but different formats were used: most institutions (70%) used the “2013 Banff classification” while the others were using “2007 Banff classification” (20%) or even older formats. In daily diagnostic practice of the renal allografts, difficulties that pathologists encounter were quite diverse due to different environments they work in. Most respondents agreed that standardized diagnostic practice guidelines, regular education on renal transplant pathology and convenient ways of consultation are further needed. We are currently working toward the enhancement of the expertise of renal pathologists and to increase inter-institutional and inter-observer reproducibility by 1) development of a set of virtual slides of renal allograft biopsies for the training, 2) validation and gathering expert's consensus on the core variables of rejection diagnosis by using virtual slides, and 3) continued education by the developed virtual slide atlas.

어업 정보화 통신시스템 발전 방향

김천석,조의주 한국정보통신학회 2002 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.6 No.7

본 연구에서는, 현재 어업정보 통신시스템의 개발 현황과 어업환경 변화에 의한 통신 시스템의 발전 방향을 제시 하고자 한다. In this study, proposes development present condition of fishery information communication system and development direction of communication system by fishery environment change

Peripheral type squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: clinicopathologic characteristics in comparison to the central type

성연은,조의주,이교영 대한병리학회 2020 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.54 No.4

Background: Squamous cell carcinomas (SqCCs) of the lung are known to arise more often in a central area but reports of peripheral SqCCs have increased, with a pathogenesis that is obscured. In this study, the clinicopathologic characteristics of peripheral lung SqCCs were studied and compared with those of the central type. Methods: This study included 63 peripheral lung SqCCs and 48 randomly selected central cases; hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of surgically resected specimens were reviewed in conjunction with radiologic images and clinical history. Cytokeratin-7 immunohistochemical staining of key slides and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/KRAS mutations tested by DNA sequencing were also included. Results: Stages of peripheral SqCCs were significantly lower than central SqCCs (p = .016). Cystic change of the mass (p = .007), presence of interstitial fibrosis (p = 0.007), and anthracosis (p = .049) in the background lung were significantly associated with the peripheral type. Cytokeratin-7 positivity was also higher in peripheral SqCCs with cutoffs of both 10% and 50% (p = .011). Pathogenic mutations in EGFR and KRAS were observed in only one case out of the 72 evaluated. The Cox proportional hazard model indicated a significantly better disease-free survival (p = .009) and the tendency of better overall survival (p = .106) in the peripheral type. Conclusions: In peripheral type, lower stage is a favorable factor for survival but more frequent interstitial fibrosis and older age are unfavorable factors. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that peripheral type is associated with better disease-free survival. The pathogenesis of peripheral lung SqCCs needs further investigation, together with consideration of the background lung conditions.

ADSL 기반의 원격 진료의 구현

김천석,조의주,한경희,최영선 한국정보통신학회 2001 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.5 No.6

인터넷환경의 눈부신 발전으로 세계에서 가장 인터넷 망이 잘 갖추어진 우리나라가 다양한 넷트웍 환경의 실험장이 되어 있고 세계에서 가장 논은 초고속망이 보급 되여 있다. 본 논문에서는 각 가정에 연결 되여 있는 초고속망(ADSL)을 이용하여 병원의 의사컴퓨터와 1:1로 접속하여 혈압과 맥박, 체온, 혈당, 화상청진기, 음성 등을 종합적으로 실시간 전송하는 원격진료 시스템을 구현하였다. with the splendid development of internet environment Korea is a diverse proving ground and supplies the highest ADSL in the world. This thesis examines the tole-medicine treatment which connects the doctor's computer with the in each house and transmits blood pressure, pulsation, temperature, blood sugar, image picture stethoscope, voice.

Loss of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer

박홍식,조의주,임소영,유창영,정지한,서영진,최현주 대한병리학회 2019 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.53 No.2

Background: Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules play important roles in regulating immune responses. Loss or reduction of HLA-I expression has been shown to be associated with prognosis in several cancers. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) also play critical functions in immune response regulation. Evaluation of HLA-I expression status by the EMR8-5 antibody and its clinical impact in breast cancer have not been well studied, and its relationship with Tregs remains unclear. Methods: We evaluated HLA-I expression and Treg infiltration by immunohistochemistry in 465 surgically resected breast cancer samples. We examined the correlation between HLA-I expression and Treg infiltration and clinicopathologic characteristics and survival analyses were performed. Results: Total loss of HLA-I expression was found in 84 breast cancer samples (18.1%). Univariate survival analysis revealed that loss of HLA-I expression was significantly associated with worse disease-specific survival (DSS) (p = .029). HLA-I was not an independent prognostic factor in the entire patient group, but it was an adverse independent prognostic factor for DSS in patients with advanced disease (stage II–IV) (p = .031). Treg numbers were significantly higher in the intratumoral stroma of HLA-I–positive tumors than in HLA-I–negative tumors (median 6.3 cells/high power field vs 2.1 cells/high power field, p < .001). However, Tregs were not an independent prognostic factor in our cohort. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the loss of HLA-I expression is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, highlighting the role of HLA-I alterations in immune evasion mechanisms of breast cancer. HLA-I could be a promising marker that enables the application of more effective and precise immunotherapies for patients with advanced breast cancer.