조은영의 5인의 연주자를 위한 “인당수” 분석 연구

조은영 연세대학교 대학원 2006 국내석사

한국 성인의 우울증과 심혈관질환 위험요인의 관계

조은영 경북대학교 일반대학원 2019 국내석사

Purpose: Many studies have reported that depression and cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk factors are correlated. However, the study on relationship between CVD risk factors and depression has been done less in Korea. Moreover, study using the whole sample of the population is essential to understand the interrelationship. Therefore, this study was to investigate the relationship between depression and CVD risk factors among Korean adults. Methods: A total of subjects from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Ⅵ-2,Ⅷ-1) were 7,417 (men 3,023, women 4.394). The relationship between depression and CVD risk factors of the study subjects were analyzed using descriptive analysis, chi-square analysis and multinominal logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of depression among the subjects was 590 (7.5%). In each univariate analysis, diabetes was statistically significant in women depression group and dyslipidemia was statistically significant in both gender. However, in the multivariate analysis dyslipidemia was related risk factors for depression among men (OR 1.54 ,95% CI 1.02-2.32) while none of them were related among women. Conclusion: This study found the relationship between depression and dyslipidemia in men. Further study is needed to find causal relationship with depression and CVD risk factors.

부모의 부정적 양육태도가 병사의 군 생활 적응에 미치는 영향 : 또래애착에 의한 공동체의식의 조절된 매개효과

조은영 상지대학교 일반대학원 2019 국내박사

본 연구는 병사들이 지각한 부모 양육태도, 공동체의식, 군 생활적응과 또래애착의 관계를 살펴보고, 부정적 양육태도와 군 생활적응의 관계에서 또래애착의 수준에 따라 공동체의식의 매개효과가 나타나는지 알아보았다. 강원도에 위치한 육군 00연대에서 복무 중인 병사 510명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 얻어진 최종 502명의 자료에 대해 SPSS/WIN 20.0 프로그램으로 상관분석과 중다회귀분석을 실시하고, SPSS Macro Process 프로그램을 이용하여 조절된 매개분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 측정도구는 다음과 같다. 부모 양육태도를 측정하기 위해 허묘연(2004)이 개발한 부모 양육행동 척도를 사용하였다. 공동체의식 척도는 Chavis 등(1986)이 개발하고, 조은영과 김완일(2016)이 번안한 척도를 사용하였다. 군 생활적응 척도는 김옥란과 김완일(2014)이 개발한 척도를 사용하였다. 마지막으로 또래애착 척도는 Wilkinson(2009)이 개발하고, 최영희 등(2012)이 번안하여 타당화한 척도를 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 병사가 지각한 부모의 부정적 양육태도는 공동체의식, 또래애착 및 군 생활적응 그리고 각각의 하위요인들과 대부분 유의한 부적 상관을 보인 반면, 공동체의식은 또래애착, 군 생활적응 그리고 각각의 하위요인들과 대부분 정적 상관이 있었다. 마지막으로 또래애착은 군 생활적응 그리고 각각의 하위요인들과 대부분 정적 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 부모의 부정적 양육태도와 군 생활적응의 관계에서 또래애착의 조절효과를 검증하기 위해 실시한 위계적 회귀분석에서 또래애착의 조절효과가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 부모의 부정적 양육태도와 군 생활적응의 관계에서 공동체의식이 매개하는지를 알아보기 위해 Baron과 Kenny(1986)의 매개효과 검증과 부트스트랩핑 유의성 검증을 실시한 결과, 부모의 부정적 양육태도와 군 생활적응과의 관계에서 공동체의식이 부분매개 하였다. 넷째, 부모의 부정적 양육태도와 공동체의식의 관계에서 또래애착의 조절효과를 검증한 결과, 또래애착의 조절효과가 나타났다. 다섯째, 부모의 부정적 양육태도와 군 생활적응의 관계에서 또래애착의 수준에 따른 공동체의식의 매개효과를 분석하기 위해 Macro Process를 이용하여 조절된 매개효과를 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 부모의 부정적 양육태도와 군 생활적응의 관계에서 공동체의식의 매개효과가 또래애착의 수준에 따라 유의미하게 달라졌다. 이러한 결과는 부모의 부정적 양육태도로 인해 어려움을 호소하는 병사들의 군 생활적응을 돕기 위해 공동체의식의 수준을 높여줄 필요가 있는데, 공동체의식의 효과는 또래애착 수준이 높을 때 나타날 수 있음을 의미한다. 따라서 이러한 결과는 또래애착 수준을 높여줌으로써 군 생활적응에 도움이 되는 공동체의식의 효과를 높일 수 있음을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 결과에 대한 논의와 제한점을 제시하였다.

고체상미량추출(SPME) 및 Headspace-GC 방법을 이용한 TMA 분석특성 연구

조은영 전북대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

The purpose of this research is not utilizing low temperature concentrated-recharged column analysis method of the original TMA but directly injecting a simplified condensed sample that is analysed with SPME equipment and an efficient way to study through Headspace-GC analysing method in terms of linearity and analysis accuracy, and the other is finding the difference of the TMA concentration, setting up the cornerstone of foul odor's environment analysis as the method of sample acquirement and the length of remaining time inside passes by. This study is to compare the way of a linearity and made a certain amount of standard diluted solution which are 1, 6, 12 ㎍/ℓ, and of the samples, we used 6㎍/ℓ to compare the accuracy of the analysis. And the analytical method using SPME and Headspace-GC was conducted with leaving them on room temperature, desorpting them later. Also they were stirred and absorbed subsequently separated from the previous form. Moreover, constantly leaving them in a 50℃ area before separation, and the forth method of the experiment was separating after absorbing through the stirring process. To determine the most efficient way of the minimum detection limits, we diluted a certain amount of standard solution which was 0.03㎍/ℓ, and repeated the experiment 7 times. The results showed the linearity's temperature was stabled in room temperature by SPME, and both stirring method had R²=0.98 or a better result, and with the repeatable method by utilizing SPME stabled with the room temperature and stirring to meet the standard by about 7%, while results showed were the best. So to say, SPME method could achieve best results when calculating properly with a stable temperature in the stirring analysis. Moreover, by using the best analysis of linearity and reproducibility in terms of the minimum detection limits, manufactured 0.03㎍/ℓ standard solution's diluted TMA weight of ingredients were converted to 50L of stock samples and satisfied the standard that is below 0.5ppb with a result of 0.47ppb in the odor detection test. Next, we went into the experiment on the changes of TMA concentration when time passes by that were gathered in a sample extraction method. First, we used Tedlar bags to observe the changes of concentration according to the sample extractionn method, and the other way was conducted by not using Tedlar bags but gathering TMA with sulphuric liquid. The results showed that the experiment using Tedlar bags showed 0.46ppb, while the one without it showed 0.52ppb, in which the difference was negligible but the one without Tedlar bags had a higher density. Also we put the Tedlar bags at a place in a room temperature for 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours to analyse the changes of density. The results showed a slight difference in 6 hours when the figures were rounded up in the second decimal digit, but the density decreased by 50% when they were left for more than 12 hours. By combining the analysed results of sampling method and changes in residence time according to concentration showed that the internal parts of the Tedlar bags had a lost due to absorption of the sample, decreasing the concentration(density) when using the bags. And as the residence time lengthens, the lost amount of samples increases. Since odor is affected by pressure state, the velocity of wind, temperature and weather conditions, we could expect development on much more accurate data analysis method in terms of weather and seasonal changes that require environmental analysis in variables.

도파민 D3R의 세포내 조절에 Protein Kinase C와 Actin Binding Protein A가 미치는 영향

조은영 전남대학교 대학원 2007 국내석사

The D3 dopamine receptor (D3R) is predominantly expressed in parts of the brain controlling behavior, including emotional and movement. It is believed that inappropriate regulation of D3R might be involved in the etiology of Schizophrenia. The D3R is an example of a G protein-coupled receptor that desensitizes while undergoing little GRK/β-arrestin directed internalization, suggesting an alternative pathway must be available to prevent D3R signaling. Here we show that D3R undergoes a robust PKC-dependent sequestration that accompanies receptor phosphorylation and desensitization of the signaling. PKC-dependent D3R sequestration was enhanced by PKC-β or -δ, and was dynamin-dependent but was independent of GRK, β-arrestin, or caveolin. All the possible phosphorylation sites located within the intracellular loops of D3R were analyzed by site-directed mutagenesis, and the serine residues at position 229 and 257 were identified as critical amino acids that are responsible for PKC-mediated D3R phosphorylation, sequestration, and desensitization. In addition, LxxY endocytosis motif which is located between residue 252 and 255 was found to have permissive roles for PKC-mediated D3R sequestration. Continuous interaction with actin binding protein 280 (filamin A), which is previously known to interact with D3R, was required for PKC-dependent D3R sequestration. In conclusion, PKC-dependent but GRK-/β-arrestin -independent phosphorylation of receptor protein is the main pathway responsible for the sequestration and desensitization of D3R. Filamin A is required both for the efficient signaling and sequestration of D3R.

알코올 음료 제조를 위한 Ganoderma applanatum 액체배양의 최적화

조은영 강원대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

This study was conducted for the production potential and optimization of a novel functional alcohol beverage through submerged cultivation of Ganoderma applanatum. The optimization of culture condition and medium for the maximum production of mycelial growth, exo-polysaccharide and alcohol dehydrogenase activity from the G. applanatum were examined by response surface methodology and mixture experiments design, respectively. Also, alcohol fermentations of wine and beer was performed using G. applanatum mycelium obtained by cultivation under optimum culture condition and medium. A flask cultivation of G. appolanatum with addition of T. matsutake ethanol extract as substrate into liquid media was conducted, and a new process by two-staged substrate addition, which the extracts were added and maintained at end period of cultivation was intended for the effective cultivation. Effect of cultured products on antioxidation and fibrinolytic activity were evaluated by comparing with the submerged culture of G. applanatum without T. matsutake ethanol extract. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Specific activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was measured from mycelium cultured of ten genera mushrooms. The orders of ADH specific activity were Phellinus linteus (100.09 U)〉Lentinus edodes (75.56 U)〉Agaricus blazei (67.52 U)〉Cordiceps militaris ~ Ganoderma applanatum (48.64 ~ 48.34 U)〉Inonotus obiliquus (30.29 U)〉Grifola frondosa (26.27 U). Since ADH activity for alcohol brewing of Agaricus blazei, Tricholoma matsutake, Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Phellinus linteus, and Pleurotus ostreatus were reported by other researchers, Ganoderma applanatum was selected as an isolate strain except for these six genera mushrooms. 2. From the results of response surface analysis and mixture experiment for the optimum culture condition and medium at flask culture, the composition of optimum medium for submerged culture of G. applanatum were dextrose 19.08 g/L, sucrose 12.72 g/L, yeast 8.80 g/L, peptone 3.54 g/L, casamino acid 5.21 g/L, KH₂PO₄ 2.69 g/L, K₂HPO₄ 5.80 g/L and MgSO₄ 2.91 g/L, and the optimum culture conditions were obtained at agitation speed of 120 rpm, inoculum volume of 5.12%(v/v) and pH of 5.39. 3. Fermentations of wine and beer were performed using mycelium of G. applanatum cultured using optimized culture condition and medium. G. applanatum produced alcohol in both the aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The ability of alcohol production was improved by shaking after standing culture method more than standing or shaking culture alone. However, the production level of alcohol was much lower than hat of typical alcohol fermentation using S. cerevisiae. 4. When T. matsutake ethanol extract (1∼9%, v/v) was added into a medium in submerged cultivation of G. applanatum, addition of T. matsutake ethanol extract in the range of concentration of 3∼9%(v/v) inhibited the mycelial growth of G. applanatum. This inhibition was supposed to be an action of the ethanol and/or antifungal ingredient from T. matsutake extract as substrate. Therefore, we confirmed that the cultivation of G. applanatum in a medium containing high concentration (3%>) of T. matsutake ethanol extract could not be submerged cultured. For that reason, the two-staged addition of T. matsutake ethanol extract, that is, the addition of T. matsutake ethanol extract by changing a addition time of T. matsutake ethanol extract after cultivation of 0 to 5 days without T. matsutake ethanol extract was intended. When T. matsutake ethanol extract was added at logarithmic phase of mycelial growth after cultivation of 5 days, the inhibition of mycelial growth was effectively prevented indicting the possibility of submerged cultivation in high ethanol containing medium. 5. The two-staged addition of T. matsutake ethanol extract, that was T. matsutake ethanol extract of 5% was added into culture fluids of G. applanatum mycelial growth after cultivation of 5 days under optimal medium obtained using mixture experiments design, and then was successively cultivated for 8 days by using response surface methodology. Optimum culture condition was obtained at pH of 5.37, agitation speed of 120 rpm and inoculum of volume 5.65%. and theoretical maximum value obtained using response surface analysis was mycelial dry weight of 8.91 g/L and exo-polysaccharide of 4.99 g/L . 6. The culture broth obtained by using two-staged T. matsutake ethanol extract addition technique was contained ethanol level more than 90% from the original ethanol content. The total phenolic compounds contents from culture broth of G. applanatum of addition T. matsutake ethanol extract were 2∼4 folds higher than those of control (T. matsutake ethanol extract). The culture broth exhibited no fibrinolytic activity. However, the antioxidant activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl- 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging assay was 68∼91%, and these activities were much higher than 27∼57% of T. matsutake ethanol extract alone, indicating a modification effect by this established cultivation method. Therefore, it was found that the submerged cultivation of G. applanatum using two-staged T. matsutake ethanol extract addition technique would provide a potential method for novel functional alcohol beverages. 본 연구는 잔나비불로초 버섯의 액체배양을 통한 알코올 음료 제조 가능성과 액체배양의 최적화에 대한 연구의 일환으로 수행되었다. 최대의 균사체 배양, 알코올 탈수소 효소의 생성 및 세포외 다당 생성을 위해 혼합물실험법 및 반응표면분석법에 의해 각각 배지 및 배양의 최적화를 실시하였고, 얻어진 최적 조건하에서 배양한 균사체를 이용하여 알코올 발효를 시도하였다. 또 , 각종 생리 기능성과 풍부한 영양분을 가지고 있는 송이의 에탄올 추출물을 기질로 첨가하여 배양하는 새로운 액체배양을 시도하여 고농도 에탄올하의 2단계 기질 첨가 배양공정을 검토하였다. 아울러, 이에 의해 생성되는 배양생성물의 몇몇 생리 기능성을 송이 에탄올 추출물과 비교, 조사하여 그 효과를 규명하였으며, 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 우수한 ADH 활성을 지니는 버섯 종을 탐색하고자,생물신소재 연구실에 보관중인 10종의 버섯 균주를 배양하여 각각의 ADH의 비활성을 조사한 결과, 상황(100.09U) 〉표고(75.56U) 〉신령버섯(67.52U) 〉동충하초·잔나비불로초(48.64 ~ 48.34U)〉차가버섯(30.29U)〉잎새버섯(26.27U)의 순이었다. 이미 ADH의 활성에 대해 보고된 바 있는 신령, 표고, 느타리, 송이, 팽이, 상황 등 6종의 버섯을 제외하고 비교적 ADH 활성이 가장 높았던 잔나비불로초를 공시균주로 선정하였다. 2. 잔나비불로초 버섯의 플라스크 배양을 위한 배지조성과 배양조건의 최적화를 각각 혼합물실험법 및 반응표면분석법으로 수행한 결과, 최적 배지 조성은 dextrose 19.08 g/L, sucrose 12.72 g/L, yeast8.80 g/L, peptone 3.54 g/L, casamino acid 5.21g/L, KH₂PO₄ 2.69g/L, K₂HPO₄ 5.80g/L, MgSO₄ 2.91g/L이었으며, 최적배양조건은 pH 5.39, 교반속도 120rpm, 접종량 5.12%에서 얻어졌다. 3. 혼합물실험법 및 반응표면분석법에 의해 최적화된 배지조성과 배양조건으로 수행된 잔나비불로초의 균사체를 이용하여 와인 및 맥주 발효를 수행하였다. 잔나비불로초는 혐기적 및 호기적 모두에서 알코올 발효능을 가졌으며, 정치 또는 진탕배양에 비해 진탕배양 후 정치배양하는 방법으로 알코올 수율을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 하지만 효모발효에 비해 알코올 발효능이 매우 낮았다. 4. 잔나비 불로초 버섯에 의한 알코올 발효능이 매우 낮았으므로 각종 생리활성이 기대되는 송이 에탄올 추출물(1∼ 9%,v/v)을 초기 기질로 하여 잔나비불로초 버섯의 액체배양을 시도하였다. 그 결과, 3% 이상의 고농도 알코올에서 배양 초기에 생육 저해현상이 나타남을 보였다. 이는 기질 속에 함유되어 있는 에탄올과 항균성물질의 작용에 의해 기인하는 것으로 생각되었다. 이와 같이 초기 기질로서 고 농도의 송이 에탄올 추출물을 함유한 잔나비불로초 버섯의 액체배양은 수행이 불가하였으므로 이의 해결을 위해 잔나비불로초 버섯의 액체배양 중 송이 에탄올 추출물의 첨가 시기를 달리하여 2단계로 첨가, 배양하는 2단계 기질 첨가 배양법을 시도하였다. 그 결과, 첨가시기를 늦출수록 균사생육의 저해현상이 일어나지 않음이 관찰되었다. 특히, 균사체 증식이 충분히 이루어진 배양 5일 이후에 송이 에탄올 추출물을 첨가하였을 때 균사의 생육저해 없이 고농도 에탄올 기질하의 액체배양이 가능한 결과를 얻었다. 5. 혼합물실험법으로 얻은 최적배지 조성으로 균사생육이 충분히 이루어진 배양 5일째에 잔나비불로초 버섯 배양액에 송이 에탄올 추출액을 최종 에탄올 함량이 5%(v/v)가 되도록 무균적으로 첨가하여 8일 동안 추가배양하는 2단계 기질 첨가배양법을 반응표면분석법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 최적 배양조건은 pH5.37, 교반속도 120rpm 접종량 5.65%이었다. 이 최적조건으로 2단계 기질첨가 배양법을 수행할 경우, 이론값은 건조 균체량 8.91 g/L 그리고 세포외 다당은 4.99 g/L 이었다. 6. 2단계 배양법으로 얻은 배양 생성물은 첨가된 에탄올의 90% 이상을 함유하였고, 첨가구는 대조구보다 항산화의 지표성분으로 볼 수 있는 총 페놀성 화합물의 함량이 각각 약 2∼ 4배 증가하여 발효수식의 효과가 확인되었다. 또, 송이즙에서 나타나는 혈전용해 활성은 없었으나 DPPH 라디칼 소거능에 의한 항산화 활성은 송이에탄올 추출물의 약 27∼ 57%보다 크게 향상된 약 68∼ 81%의 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 송이 에탄올 추출물의 2단계 기질 첨가 배양법에 의한 잔나비 불로초의 액체배양으로 얻어진 배양액은 향상된 항산화 활성 등의 생리 기능성을 갖는 새로운 기능성 알코올 음료로서 가능성이 기대되었다.

설교와 Communication관계 연구 /조은영 저

조은영 감리교신학대학 1986 국내석사

Assessment of the effectiveness of screen quota system in the Korean film industry(1993-2002) : 1993年부터 2002年까지 韓國 映畵産業에서의 스크린쿼터制의 效果에 대한 評價

조은영 서울대학교 국제대학원 2004 국내박사

1993년부터 지난 10년동안 한국 영화산업보호를 목적으로 유지되었던 스크린쿼터제의 효과에대한 제대로된 평가가 필요한 시점이다. 미국의 헐리우드 영화사들은 한국과 미국의 쌍무투자협정을 위한 협상을 통해 스크린쿼터의 축소를 강하게 요구하고 있는 반면 국내 영화산업은 최근 호황에도 불구하고 스크린쿼터의 철폐내지 축소는 한국 영화산업의 몰락을 가져올 것으로 보고 거세게 반발해 오고 있는 상황이다. 지난 몇 년간의 한국영화의 성공을 오로지 스크린쿼터의 효과로 보는 것에는 문제가 있다. 궁극적으로 국내 영화산업의 발전은 낙후되었던 영화산업의 구조적 혁신에서 비롯되었다고 볼수 있다. 이러한 구조적 벽혁의 과정에서 스크린쿼터제는 언젠가 스크린쿼터제가 없어지고 외국 영화사들과 경쟁해야 한다는 경쟁압력을 간접적으로 실어줌으로서 더 효율적이고 신속하게 적극적 구조변혁을 가져올 수 있겠끔 변화의 촉매로서 역할을 하였다. 그러나, 지난 10년과는 달리 앞으로는 정보통신 기술의 발달로 스크린쿼터제의 효과자체가 약화될 우려뿐 아니라 이미 40%이상의 국산영화 점유율을 보이고 있어 더 이상 스크린쿼터를 유지해야할 명분을 많이 상실하고 있다. 또한, 지속적인 스크린쿼터의 촉구로 자칫 보호주의적인 국가이미지를 만들거나 다른 산업의 국제경쟁력에 부정적 결과를 초래할 가능성도 있다. 따라서, 지나친 스크린쿼터 유지가 국가 경제발전에 절실한 투자협정 및 무역등에 부정적인 영향을 끼치는 것을 고려할 때 점진적인 스크린 쿼터의 축소도 긍정적으로 고려되어야 할 필요가 있다. This study assesses the effectiveness of the screen quota system which has been implemented in the Korean film industry for the past ten years. Despite the current success of Korean films, domestically and internationally, the benefit of the screen quota system is still under debate. Pressure from Hollywood to remove the screen quota is increasing through Korea-US Bilateral Investment Treaty. The successful structural transformation of domestic film industry is a major factor of the boom in the Korean film industry now. In the course of this transformation, the screen quota has played a role as a catalyst by encouraging innovation in the film industry and by inviting competitive pressure effectively under the threat of eliminating the screen quota. Though the screen quota system was effective for the past ten years, the effectiveness in the future will be undermined by a proliferation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Besides, a protective or nationalistic country image could indirectly damage other important sectors in the economy and the inefficient allocation of government revenue to boost the film industry could obstruct the necessary investment in other industries. Such hidden economic costs should be carefully considered. Lastly, the destiny of Korean film industry depends more on the real quality of the films, not on the number of screens showing Korean films.

Characterization of the mouse synaptic vesicle-2-associated protein (Msvop) specifically expressed in the mouse central nervous system

조은영 동국대학교 2009 국내석사

In this study, we identified and characterized a mouse brain-enriched unigene (msvop) after performing digital differential display. Msvop was the mouse ortholog of Xenopus synaptic vesicle-2-associated protein (svop), the molecular characteristics of which were unknown. The 3125-bp full-length cDNA encoded a 548-aa protein of approximately 60 kDa. A strong promoter element was found in the − 200 to − 100 bp region in both NG108-15 and HEK293 cells. RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analysis confirmed that msvop was strictly expressed in the mouse central nervous system. In adult brains, msvop was highly expressed in the hippocampus and cerebellum. When the gene was transfected into HEK293 cells in a GFP fusion vector, the protein was specifically localized in the cytosol. These results indicate that msvop is a central nervous system-specific gene and could be utilized for elucidating gene regulation in neuronal cells.

楡根皮추출물의 활성종 억제 및 염증 촉진 인자 제어 효과

조은영 동국대학교 대학원 2008 국내석사

Objectives : This study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of Ulmus davidiana on the generation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion radical (?O2-) in the endothelial cells of rat vessels. The effects of Ulmus davidiana on the expression of inflammation-related proteins, NF-κB (p50, p65), COX-2, and iNOS, were examined by western blotting. Methods : For this study, the fluorescent probes, namely dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123), 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2) and 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) were used. Western blotting was performed via using anti-NF-κB (p50, p65), anti-COX-2, and anti-iNOS, respectively. Results : Ulmus davidiana inhibited the generation of ONOO-, NO and ?O2- in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated endothelial cells of rat vessels in vitro. Ulmus davidiana inhibited the expression of COX-2 and iNOS genes by means of decreasing the NF-κB activation. Conclusions : These results suggest Ulmus davidiana is effective on inhibiting the generation of ONOO-, NO and ?O2-, and that therefore it might have a potential role as a treatment for the inflammatory process and inflammation-related diseases.