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영어에 있어서의 한정성 문제 : 관사사용을 중심으로 With Special Reference to the Articles
조용남 건국대학교 인문과학연구소 1995 인문과학논총 Vol.27 No.-
It is commonly assumed that many uses of the articles in English is inherently puzzling and even ineffable, and this view is supported by various works on them, which invariably yield a complicated and confusing list of rules accompanied by exceptions. This paper, however, starts from a different assumption that all the complicatedness about the articles must come from the logical approaches taken by most traditional grammarians for their description of this mechanism for using nouns. A corollary of the assumption naturally is that the articles are in fact a simple uncomplicated system as acquirable as any other grammatical item in the language. A critical survey of the major theoretical works on the articles is made with a view to finding the theoretical problems inherent in the traditional approaches. The survey reveals, among other things, that most of the works attempt to set up the rules of the articles according to the logic of grammar, that many grammarians are not cognizant of the semantic context governing the functions of the articles, and that the fundamental meanings of the articles are not seriously dealt with. As a way out of the traditional problems, this study simply looks into the fundamental meanings of a and the, which derive from the numeral one and the demonstrative that respectively, and finds their present meanings still not very much separated from their parental words. The definiteness-indicating functions, which are realized in terms of generalization and particularization, are determined by the semantic environment. In this study it is thus assumed that the articles have their simple basic meanings plus definiteness functions, the former termed the lexical meanings and the latter the contextual functions. The article meanings are also associated with their functions and together constitute a simple system, which is established in this paper on the model of the present writer's revised version of Hewson's. And finally it is demonstrated that this system is actually applied without any difficulty to a sample of most problematical instances of article usage.
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조용남,P. Santhoshkumar,K. Prasanna,Kumaran Vediappan,이창우 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.76 No.-
The corrosion and hydrogen evolution reactions of Zn anodes accelerate the self-discharge of a Zn-airbattery. To suppress the corrosion reaction and improve the self-discharge behavior of a Zn-air battery,polyaniline (PANI) is synthesized with different amounts of 0.1 M sulfuric acid and coated on a Zn surface. The PANI-coated materials effectively suppress the corrosion reaction, and the Zn-air cells prepared withPANI-coated Zn materials exhibit enhanced self-discharge behavior. The specific discharge capacity after24 h storage and capacity retention of Zn were 520.2 mA h/g and 74.4%, respectively. Whereas the PANI-coated Zn (100 ml sulfuric acid) shows 565.3 mA h/g of specific discharge capacity after 24 h storage,75.8% corrosion inhibition efficiency and 96.9% capacity retention. Therefore, PANI-coated Zn materialsare effective in suppressing the corrosion reaction and improving self-discharge behaviors in Zn-airbatteries.
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STEM 분석을 통한 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 양극소재의 열화 현상 분석
조용남,유지상,조우석 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.1
LiNixCoyMnzO2 (x+y+z=1,x>0.5)는 Ni 함량이 높을수록 높은 에너지 밀도를 달성할 수 있기 때문에 최근에는 Ni 함량이 80%인 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811)소재의 상용화를 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만 Ni 함량이 높아짐에 따라 구조적 안정성이 낮아지고 이에 따른 수명 열화 현상이 급속이 일어나는 단점이 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 NCM811 소재의 수명 열화 현상을 분석하기 위하여 전자현미경을 활용하여 분석을 진행하였으며, 원자 단위에서의 구조 변화에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 열화된 NCM811 입자 내부에서 crack발생이 확인되었으며, crack에서 F가 검출되어 crack을 따라 전해질이 입자 내부로 침투되어 계면에서 Ni, Co, Mn의 용출이 발생하였음을 확인하였다. 또한 crack의 발생 원인을 확인하기 위하여 충전 전압별로 열화된 NCM811을 분석한 결과, 충전전압이 높을수록, 즉 결정격자의 변화가 클수록 crack이 심하게 발생하는 것을 확인하였다.
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조용남 건국대학교 교육대학원 1988 敎育論叢 Vol.10 No.-
The aim of this study is to provide reality-based grounds for critical reconsideration of the present university curriculum of English courses. A comprehensive study of the present state of the English language is made, revealing English as the actual lingua franca of the whole world in scholarship and science as well as in international communication. The traditional purpose and aim of English education are critically reviewed from the standpoint of the present state of the English language, supporting urgent need for its revision. An overview is also made of the state of English education in Korean universities and colleges, and the student's level of English achieved by it is found to fall far short of being of practical use. This unsatisfactoriness of the student's English is traced to, among others, the present university English curriculum. A proposal is made, as a remedy for the situation, that a new English curriculum be formed, one which divides the subject of 'General English' into the four specialized subject of Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing, It follows that the number of curriculum hours of English has to be increased so that a student can elect to take one course in English a semester until graduation.
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리튬이온전지용 소프트카본 음극 소재의 인산 처리에 대한 연구
조용남,이은영,박민식,홍기주,이상익,정후영,이종훈,오승모,김영준,Jo, Yong-Nam,Lee, En-Young,Park, Min-Sik,Hong, Ki-Joo,Lee, Sang-Ick,Jeong, Hu-Young,Lee, Zonghoon,Oh, Seung M.,Kim, Young-Jun 한국전기화학회 2012 한국전기화학회지 Vol.15 No.4
Soft carbons are prepared by heat-treatment of cokes with different amounts of phosphoric acid (2, 4.5, and 10 wt% vs. cokes) at $900^{\circ}C$ to be used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. From electrochemical measurements combined with structural analyses, we confirm that abundant nano-pores are existed in the microstructure of soft carbons prepared with the phosphoric acid, which are responsible for further lithium ion storage. Significant increase in reversible capacity of soft carbon is attained in proportion to added amount of the phosphoric acid. We also demonstrate the effect of structural modification with phosphoric acid on electrochemical performance of soft carbon to elucidate the origin of additional capacity. 코크스와 인산을 혼합한 뒤 $900^{\circ}C$에서 열처리하여 제조한 소프트카본의 구조적 특성 변화와 리튬이온전지용 음극 소재로서의 전기화학적 특성을 평가하였다. 입자 단면의 EDS 분석으로 phosphorus는 입자 내부에 전체적으로 존재하기는 하나 표면에 편재해 있었으며, $PO_x$(0 < x ${\leq}$ 4)의 결합 형태로 존재하고 있음을 XPS 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 인산 처리한 소프트카본의 방전 용량은 $390mAh\;g^{-1}$ 이상으로 인산을 처리하지 않은 소프트카본($336mAh\;g^{-1}$)보다 증가하였으며, 인산 처리량이 증가함에 따라 방전 용량이 증가하는 경향성을 나타내었다. 방전 용량 증가는 0.5 V vs. Li/$Li^+$ 이상에서 발현되는 용량 증가에 의한 것임을 확인하였고, 인산 처리로 생성된 $PO_x$(0 < x ${\leq}$ 4) 결합에 의해 소프트카본 내부에 생성된 나노 기공에 의한 것임을 충전 종료 전위별 실험을 통해 확인하였다. 또한 인산 2 wt%로 처리한 소프트카본이 가장 우수한 수명 특성을 나타내었다.
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