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고농도 중수소화 팔라디움(α'-PdDx) 의 저온영역 초음파 감쇄
조영신 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1990 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.28 No.1
The ultrasonic attenuation of low temperature peaks in the PdD_(.67) has been studied. The peak is seen only for longitudinal waves, not for transverse ones, and it is observed only in the deuterides, not in the hydrides. The low temperature peak is correlated with relaxation phenomenon due to redistribution of LO phonons by ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic attenuation of the PdD_(.67)H_(.02) sample was measured to see the influence of hydrogen in the PdD_(.67); the low temperature peaks of the PdD_(.67)H_(.02) and the PdD_(.67) do not show significant, difference within the limit of experimental error. Ultrasonic attenuations of the PdD_x(x=0.64-0.72) are decreased as the deutrium concentration increased.
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시뮬레이션된 병원전 심정지에서 구급대원에 의한 가슴압박과 기계압박의 비교
조영신,김기운,최상천,이정아,정윤석 대한응급의학회 2012 대한응급의학회지 Vol.23 No.4
Purpose: The quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been identified as an important factor for improving survival rate. This prospective study was conducted for comparison of manual chest compression and mechanical chest compression during simulative out of hospital cardiac arrest. And evaluation of quality of manual compression was performed on-scene and during ambulance transportation. Methods: A total of 24 emergency medical technicians (EMTs) participated in our study. During a period of one month, they were educated by E-learning on the importance of decreasing hands off time during CPR and anything else about CPR. We instituted the scenario of out of hospital cardiac arrest. They performed CPR twice in each same situation: they performed manual chest compression the first time. And, the second time, they used the mechanical chest compression device (X-CPRTM). We evaluated the performance by camcorder monitoring and Q-CPRTM for measurement of manual compression depth and flow time. Results: A total of 48 cases were performed in this study. Twenty four cases were included in the manual CPR group (H-Group) and 24 cases were included in the mechanical group (M-group). CPR of the H group vs. the M group was performed for a mean 19.71±2.97 min, 21.95±4.16 min on scene, and in a moving ambulance. The average compression rate was 122±14.80 min-1 vs 104.38±6.40 min-1(p<0.001), and the compression depth was 44.25±8.50mm vs 42.37±4.28 mm (p=0.34), respectively. No statistical difference was observed in the flow time ratio between manual and mechanical chest compression (67.04±11.12vs 64.13±6.61, p=0.28). However, the quality of compression of the H-group, the ratio of insufficient compression,and the ratio of insufficient release during transport were higher than those on-scene (p=0.02, p=0.01). Conclusion: In comparison of chest compression rates between the two groups, the M-group showed a higher rate of chest compression. However, no significant difference in chest compression depth and flow time ratio was observed between the H- and M-groups. When performing manual chest compression during transport, EMTs should be careful of adequate chest compression and release.
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SoC 플랫폼에서 다층구조 공유버서의 레이턴시 모델과 해석
조영신,조경록 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2005 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.13 No.1
SoC 설계 기술의 발달로 하나의 칩내에 집적되는 시스템이 다양한 기능을 수행함에 따라 높은 버스 대역폭이 요구되고 있으며, 시스템 버스의 성능이 전체 시스템의 성능에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 논문은 다중 마스터를 갖는 SoC용 플랫폼의 효율적인 버스 자원 관리를 위해 다층 구조를 갖는 공유 버스의 레이턴시 모델을 제안하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안된 버스 시스템 환경에서, 시스템이 단일 전송률 20%와 버스 사용률 50%를 가질 때, 2-layer와 3-layer가 1-layer와 비교하여 각각 약 45%와 약 63%의 레이턴시가 감소하였다. 또한 레이턴시 모델을 통해 버스의 사용량과 전송 방식의 관계를 분석하였다. 끝으로 레이턴시 모델에 버스의 동작 주파수와 데이터의 전송 크기를 대입하여 레이어의 수에 따른 버스 처리량을 구하였다. 구해진 버스 처리량과 MPEG, USB2.0과 같은 IP를 포함하는 SoC플랫폼이 필요로 하는 처리량과의 비교를 통해 IP 수에 적합한 버스 레이어를 정량화하여 특정 SoC플랫폼에 최적인 멀티레이어 구조를 도출하였다. Nowadays a SoC(system-on-a-chip) requires high bandwidth system bus for performing multiple functions. Performance of the system is affected by bandwidth of the system bus. In this paper, for efficient management of the bus resource on a SoC platform, we present a latency model of the shared bus organized by multiple layers. As the results of simulation, the latency of 2-layer and 3-layer bus architecture are reduced 45% and 63% respectively to compare with a single-layer's under the assumed conditions of the proposed model. We could analysis the relationship between a bus usage and a transfer protocol using the proposed model. Finally we evaluate a throughput of the bus and compared with a needed throughput by SoC platform including IPs such as MPEG or USB 2.0. We can use the results as a criteria to find out an optimal bus organization for the specific SoC design.
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New endoscopic techniques in treating gastrointestinal bleeding
조영신 소화기인터벤션의학회 2018 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.7 No.3
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common disorder encountered in an emergency department or primary clinical setting. The therapeutic basis for GI bleeding is endoscopic hemostasis. To date, epinephrine injection, through-the-scope clips, monopolar or biopolar coagulation, and band ligation have been established for GI bleeding. Despite the advances in endoscopic techniques, we often experience re-bleeding associated with significant inhospital mortality in GI bleeding. New devices that complement the disadvantages of these conventional endoscopic techniques have recently been introduced. For example, over-the-scope clip, which has wider and stronger pressure than conventional mechanical devices, can ligate a wide range of surrounding mucous membranes and has been reported to be effective in severe lesions of fibrosis. In addition, hemostatic powders achieved successful hemostasis as primary or rescue therapy in several cases of GI bleeding. Successful application of these new techniques requires appropriate patient selection and understanding of the device and further research is expected in the future.
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