國民學校 國語敎材 收錄 童話 硏究 : 第 四.五次 敎育課程을 中心으로

조미형 延世大學校 1989 국내석사

과업특성과 정보기술활용이 직무성과에 미치는 영향 연구 : 직무성과 중 업무수행을 중심으로

조미형 연세대학교 사회복지대학원 2003 국내석사

본 연구는 사회복지사들의 과업 특성별로 정보기술활용정도를 살펴보고, 과업특성과 정보기술활용정도가 직무 성과에 영향을 미치는 지를 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 특정 정보기술의 활용은 기본적으로 효율성 향상에 그 목적이 있지만, 정보기술의 활용이 가져다주는 효율성 향상의 효과 내지는 정보기술의 적용가능성은 과업의 특성별로 다를 수 있다. 즉 조직의 정보기술을 도입하는 과정에 기술중심적 사고만으로는 한계가 있으며 정보기술과 더불어 조직의 과업이 주요 변수로 고려되어야 함을 연구를 통해서 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울시 소재의 81개의 종합사회복지관을 대상으로 하여, 한 기관당 4∼6명씩 총 360명의 사회복지사들에게 구조화된 설문지를 직접 방문하거나 우편을 통해 배포·회수하였다. 2003년 5월 20일부터 6월 10일까지 조사한 결과, 55개의 복지관으로부터 총 258부의 설문지를 회수하였으며, 이 중 응답이 부실한 13부와 응답자가 사회복지사가 아닌 7부를 제외한 238부를 분석에 사용하였다. 주요 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회복지사들의 과업특성을 다양성, 난이도, 상호의존성으로 구분하여 측정한 결과, 모두 보통보다 낮은 점수로 총점 5점을 기준으로 상호의존성 2.93점, 다양성 2.79점, 난이도 2.52점 순으로 나타났다. 반면에, 직무성과는 3.55점으로 보통보다 높은 점수로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회복지사들의 정보기술활용정도는 전자우편, 상용소프트웨어, 정보시스템으로 기술유형을 구분하고, 각 기술유형별로 하루평균사용횟수 및 시간, 사용의 자발성을 측정하였다. 정보기술을 전혀 활용하고 있지 않은 사회복지사는 9명(3.8%)이였으며, 229명(96.2%)은 3가지 정보기술 중에서 적어도 1개 이상을 업무에 활용하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전자우편, 상용소프트웨어, 정보시스템 3가지 모두를 활용하고 있는 사회복지사가 95명(39.9%)으로 나타났다. 정보기술유형별 활용정도는 정보시스템, 상용소프트웨어, 전자우편 순으로 나타났으나, 그 점수는 100점 만점을 기준으로 21.70, 18.72, 16.49로 낮았으며, 전체적인 정보기술활용정도 역시 27.57로 사회복지사의 정보기술활용정도가 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 사회복지사들의 과업특성이 정보기술활용정도에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 과업의 상호의존성이 높을수록 상용소프트웨어와 전체적인 정보기술활용정도가 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 과업특성과 정보기술활용정도가 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 정보기술유형에 관계없이 과업의 난이도와 상호의존성이 높을수록 직무성과가 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 정보기술활용정도는 직무성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 과업특성과 직무성과에 대한 정보기술유형별 조절효과에 대해 상호작용항의 투입에 따른 중다회귀분석의 R² 변화량에 따른 검증 결과, 모든 정보기술유형에 대해 활용정도는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에도 불구하고 조절변수의 상호작용효과를 검증한 결과, 전자우편활용정도는 과업의 상호의존성과 순수조절변수로서의 역할을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 1단계 상호작용항 투입에 따른 R² 변화량이 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았기에 2단계 상호작용항이 유의미한 영향을 미친다하여도 조절효과가 있다고 할 수 없었다. 과업특성별 정보기술유형의 적합성을 논하기엔 사회복지관의 정보기술환경은 아직 전반적으로 열악한 편이었고, 따라서 연구결과는 사회복지관에서 과업특성에 따른 정보기술의 활용이 사회복지사의 직무성과에 기여하고 있는 것으로 나타나지 않았다. 이상과 같은 연구결과에 대해서 연구자는 다음과 같은 제언을 제시할 수 있을 것이다. 먼저, 직무성과에 대한 영향력을 파악하기에는 사회복지사들의 정보기술활용정도가 미흡하다고 볼 수 있다. 이는 활용정도가 높아지면 직무성과에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 높을 수도 있다는 것을 의미한다. 다음으로, 현재 미흡하나마 활용하고 있는 정보기술이 과업의 특성에 적합하지 않음을 예상할 수 있다. 다시 말하면 사회복지사의 과업특성에 적합한 정보기술을 활용하면 직무성과에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수도 있다는 것이다. 물론 실증적인 분석이 시도되기 전에는 단언하기 어렵다. 이상의 연구 결과를 바탕으로 연구자는 직무성과 향상에 기여할 수 있는 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 정보기술 활용방안을 제한적이나마 다음과 같이 제언하고자 한다. 무엇보다 사회복지사 스스로 정보기술을 활용할 경우 보다 효율적으로 업무를 수행할 수 있다는 마인드의 전환이 필요할 것이다. 모든 업무 영역에서 정보기술을 도입하는 것이 효율적이라고 할 수는 없지만, 필요한 부분에 있어서는 적극적인 도입이 필요할 것이다. 또한, 이미 기관내에 도입된 전자우편, 상용소프트웨어, 정보시스템 등의 정보기술에 대한 효율적인 운영방안이 필요할 것이다. 그리고, 정보기술활용은 정보관리 그 자체가 궁극적인 목적이 아니다. 정보기술활용을 통해 축적된 정보는 의사결정을 지원할 수 있는 정보시스템으로 발전해야 할 것이며, 업무절차에서부터 경험이나 노하우, 전문적인 기술이나 지식들까지 조직내에서 존재하는 모든 지식들이 데이터베이스화되어 구성원이 공유할 수 있는 지식관리시스템으로 발전되어야 할 것이다. 하지만 이러한 시스템이 구현되기 위해서는 시스템 도입에 앞서 정확한 업무분석과 사회복지사들의 적극적인 참여로 요구사항이 충분히 반영될 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다. 그리고 모든 시스템은 우선 도입 검토단계부터 사회복지사들이 직접 참여하여 그들의 요구사항을 반영한 시스템이 구현되도록 해야 하며, 이후에도 지속적으로 변화하는 업무환경에 맞춰 시스템이 수정·보완되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between task characteristics and use of information technology, and to confirm whether task characteristics and use of information technology make any effects on job performance. Usually, information technology is used to improve job performance but depends on task characteristics. The subjects were 360 social workers from 81 social welfare centers in Seoul metropolitan city(four to six people per a center). The survey was conducted through mail and on-site visiting survey methods from May 20 to June 10. Total 238 faithful questionnaires were used for this study, out of 258 questionaries. The major findings are as follows : First, social worker's task characteristics were measured by three dimensions; variability, difficulty, interdependency. On the basis of total score of 5.00, interdependency(2.93) was highest and variability(2.79), difficulty(2.52) in order. Job performance was 3.55 in average. Second, social worker's use of information technology(IT) was measured by e-mail, commercial software, and information system. And each one of IT was divided into average frequency per day, average times per day, and spontaneity. Social workers who didn't use any IT were 9(3.8%), 229 persons(96.2%) use at least 1 IT. And 95(39.9%) social workers appeared to use all of the 3 IT. The highest IT type is information system(21.70), and commercial software(18.72), e-mail(16.49) in order. Total use of IT was 27.57(of total score of 100), which was low level. Third, multi-regression analysis of the effect of social worker's use of IT on task characteristics appeared that the higher the degree of interdependency, the higher the use of commercial software and total IT was. Fourth, multi-regression analysis of the effect of job performance on task characteristics and use of IT showed that for all of IT type difficulty and interdependency had negative effect on the job performance, but use of IT didn't. Fifth, on a moderate regression analysis of the effect of IT on task characteristics and job performance, R² difference was not statistically signifiant. However, the use of e-mail * interdependency interaction item appeared to be a pure moderator variable. Social welfare center's IT environment is generally poor, so discussion about the fitness of IT by task characteristics may be too early. For that reason, the researcher believes that findings of study showed that social worker's use of IT didn't improve job performance. Regarding these findings, the researcher suggests followings : First, social workers' use of IT may be too poor to discuss the effect of job performance. This means that if use of IT is higher, effect of job performance may be significant. Second, use of IT may not fit social worker's task characteristics now. This means that if use of IT fit social worker's task characteristics, effect of job performance may be significant. Based on these findings, implications for IT use to improve social worker's job performance are as follows : First, social worker's thought about IT must change. More active efforts to use IT is required for social workers to improve efficiency. Second, IT that social welfare centers already have(for example, e-mail, commercial software, information system, etc.) should be used more efficiently. Third, information stored through the use of IT, should be developed to support decision-making. Moreover, KMS(Knowledge Management System) should also be developed to share information and knowledge, know-how etc. for all members. But, users' needs, which are found out by accurate job analysis and social workers' active participation, should be reflected to construct a successful system. And correction, modification and upgrade of the system is needed continuously in the work environment.

환경변화에 대한 사회복지기관의 인식과 대응에 관한 연구

조미형 연세대학교 사회복지대학원 2010 국내박사

고빈도 120 Hz 전침이 Cold-Restraint스트레스 유발 흰쥐의 혈장 Catecholamine 및 위점막에 미치는 影響

조미형 東義大學校 大學院 2004 국내박사

The present studies investigated the effects of 120 Hz high frequency electroacupuncture(EA) on the stress-induced stomach dysfunction in relation to its effect on the level of stress hormones and gastric mucosal damages. The gastric mucosal injury was induced by cold-restraint stress and two acupoints corresponding to Zusanli and Sanyinjiao in man were used. Cold-restraint stress produced typical gastric lesions in all rats of the stressed groups, but the number of ulcers as well as the mean ulcer diameter were reduced by 120 Hz EA pre-treatment. The cold-restraint stress also induced an increase in catecholamine response involving epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine, but a slight decline were observed in EA pre-treated rats compared with cold-restrained rats. The degranulation value of gastric mast cell was significantly higher in cold-restrained rats than in control ones. However, with the significant reduction of degranulation values of gastric mast cells in EA pre-treated rats compared with cold-restrained ones, PGE_(2) content in the gastric mucosa of EA pre-treated rats was also different from that observed in cold-restrained rats. Cold-restarint stress induced an elevated mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory gene such as cyclooxygenases-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, but these expression were down-regulated in EA pre-treated rats. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that while the inhibitory-κBα and TNF-α immunorection in the surface epithelium of the stomach tended to increase, both reactions in the EA pre-treated rats showed similar pattern as observed in controls. These results suggest that 120 Hz EA may act as a therapeutical means for gastric mucosal damages through an activation of pituitary adrenal system. It could be concluded that 120 Hz high frequency electroaucupuncture affords a good protective potential against stress-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction.

지렛대 효과(leverage effect)를 포함한 확률변동성모형의 비교연구

조미형 高麗大學校 大學院 2013 국내석사

본 논문에서는 금융 시계열 자료의 변동성을 설명하기 위하여 지렛대 효과를 포함한 확률 변동성모형(SVL)을 연구한다. 수익률 방정식과 변동성 방정식의 오차항을 모형화하기 위해 이변량 정규분포와 이변량 스튜던트 t 분포를 사용하며, 이변량 스튜던트 t 분포는 이변량 정규 분포의 척도혼합으로 표현함으로써 모형을 연구하였다. 이러한 접근 방식은 특이점의 근원을 분리하고, 수익률 과정 또는 변동성 과정에서 생성된 특이점의 식별을 가능하게 한다. 또한, 베이지안 확률변동성 모형을 적합하기 위하여 마르코프 연쇄 몬테카를로(MCMC) 방법을 설명하고 확률변동성 모형을 구현하기 위해 WinBUGS 프로그램을 활용한다. 모의실험에서는 세 가지의 SVL 모형을 고려하고 이를 바탕으로 모의실험 자료를 생성하여 모형 적합과 편차정보기준 계산을 통하여 모형 비교를 수행한다. 사례연구에서는 KOSPI 지수, S&P 500 지수, 환율자료를 SVL 모형에 적합하고 편차정보기준을 통해 모형을 선택하는 실증적 분석을 수행한다. 모형을 비교하는 수단으로 편차 정보 기준(DIC, deviance information criterion)을 이용하며, 수렴 진단을 위해 gelman-rubin 진단을 실시한다,

오크쇼트의 '참여'의 정치교육적 함의

조미형 江遠大學校 敎育大學院 1993 국내석사

In this study, I analyzed various viewpoints on political education depending upon Oakeshott's argument on tha characteristics of political activity. Then 1 critically discussed the meaning of Oakeshott's 'engagement' in regard to political education. As Oakeshott argued, general definition of political education assumed political activity being rational. Such rationalistic view, which tended to seek index of practice from the principle of reason, insisted that every kind of human behavior could be rationally explained and that object of human being could be rationally presented. Oakeshott, however, criticized that rationalistic political activity, which presented abstract and formalized object before engaging into concrete situation and defined only goal-aiming activity as humanistic life, was no more than a political ideology which abstracted human life. According to Oakeshott, rationalistic tradition of defining political education understood political activity as an ideology and committed mistake presenting only 'technical knowledge' as the content of political education. On the other hand, Oakeshott insisted that political activity should be understood as practical activity which reflected political tradition or real forms of life. He argued, therefore, that political education should be defined as an activity aiming to understand practical political activity. In this case, political education meant engaging into political tradition combining two elements appeared in real life--'technical knowledge' and 'practical knowledge'. According to Oakeshott, 'engagement' was a comprehensive learning process where information and judgement (or technical knowledge and practical knowledge) were transmitted concurrently. Oakeshott explained that the maintenanca of human life depended upon the continuance of this process. Depending upon my critical study of Oakeshott's arguments on political education, I would insist that our political education have been nothing more than an ideology education which taught democracy as ideology, i. e., technical knowledge, in a situation where democratic tradition or life-style had not been settled. To overcome this habit, poltical education in school should be an experiential field where students could learn democracy as a way of living, i. e,, where students could engage in political tradition. In this process, the role of teacher sould be an initiator as well as a modal for 'engagement'.

키토산 및 아연을 활용한 수경재배 내 Microcystis에 의한 녹조현상 제어효과 연구

조미형 경성대학교 일반대학원 2024 국내석사

This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of controlling algal bloom caused by the cyanobacteria Microcystis in hydroponics using chitosan and zinc. The control effect of Microcystis by chitosan and zinc was investigated through batch reactor and hydroponic system on Microcysits in BG-11 medium solution and nutrient solution widely used in hydroponics. In addition, the acute toxic effects of chitosan and zinc on aquatic ecosystems were investigated using the Daphnia Magna test. The removal efficiency of Microcystis by the flocculation and precipitation reaction of chitosan reached about 90% within 24 hours, but the removal efficiency tended to be partially reduced due to the resuspension of the precipitated Microcystis over time. The removal efficiency of zinc against Microcystis was found to increase with increasing zinc concentration, and unlike chitosan, the removal efficiency gradually increased with reaction time without Microcystis resuspension, resulting in a Microcystis removal rate of more than 90% after 72 hours at zinc concentrations above 0.5 mg/L. An acute toxicity test for chitosan with Daphnia Magna showed 0 TU at concentrations below 1 mg/L, and an acute toxicity test for zinc showed 0 TU at concentrations below 0.7 mg/L. The combined use of chitosan and zinc resulted in greater removal of Microcystis than either of them alone, which is thought to be due to the simultaneous action of the physical flocculation and precipitation of chitosan and the biochemical photosynthetic inhibitory effect of zinc on Microcystis. Control experiments with Microcystis in nutrient solution used in actual hydroponics under conditions of 0.5 mg/L and 0.7 mg/L, which were identified as the optimal concentrations of chitosan and zinc for Microcystis control, showed that the combination of chitosan and zinc resulted in a Microcystis removal rate of over 90% after 72 hours without Microcystis resuspension. Appropriate concentrations of chitosan and zinc were added to a hydroponic system for growing lettuce to determine the control potential of Microcystis by examining the population of Microcystis in the nutrient solution tank, water circulation channels, and roots of lettuce. A large proportion of Microcystis cultured in the hydroponic system were located in the water circulation channels and near lettuce roots, and were found to decrease in the nutrient solution tanks. This is likely due to Microcystis overgrowth at the bottom of the channel or near the roots during operating hours when water circulation is suspended in hydroponic operations. Microcystis control increased with increasing reaction time after chitosan and zinc were added to the nutrient solution tank, with the greatest reduction in Microcystis population occurring under reaction conditions of 5 hours. These results suggest that the combination of chitosan and zinc can effectively eliminate Microcystis produced in the hydroponic system.

신명기 사가(Dtr)의 성전비판 : 솔로몬 성전 봉헌기도:열왕기상 8장 22-53절 해석을 중심으로

조미형 감리교신학대학교 1996 국내석사

黃芩藥鍼液이 家兎의 腎皮質切片에서 Oxidant로 유발된 유기양이온의 이동장애에 미치는 影響

조미형 동의대학교 대학원 2002 국내석사

This study was undertaken to determine whether Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract (SbG) exerts the protective effect against oxidant-induced alterations in organic cation transport in the renal proximal tubule. Organic cation transport was estimated by examining alterations in tetraethylammonium (TEA) uptake in rabbit renal cortical slices. The slices were treated with 0.2 mM tBHP for 60 min at 37oC. tBHP caused an inhibition in TEA uptake by renal cortical slices. Such an effect was accompanied by depressed Na+-K+-ATPase activity and ATP depletion. SbG prevented tBHP-induced inhibition of TEA uptake in a dose-dependent manner at the concentration ranges of 0.05-0.1%. SbG also prevented H2O2-induced reduction in TEA uptake. tBHP-induced inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase activity and ATP depletion were significantly prevented by 0.05% SbG. Oxidants increased LDH release, which was blocked by SbG. Oxidants caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and its effect was prevented by SbG. These results suggest that SbG prevents oxidant-induced alterations in organic cation transport in rabbit renal cortical slices. Such protective effects of SbG may be attributed to inhibition of peroxidation of membrane lipid.

후천성 양측성 Ota 모반양반의 임상 및 조직학적 관찰

조미형 梨花女子大學校 大學院 1986 국내석사