다문화 청소년을 위한 복지선교 연구

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2014 복음과 선교 Vol. No.

In the process of globalization, at present the number of immigrants who enter Korea rapidly increases. Since the establishment of nation by the Korean Government, Korea has been a country which transfers the laborers into the construction of Middle East countries and students to study-abroad program all over the world until the early 1990 years. However the country turns into an organizational structure where imports human resources with the success of completing industrialization. Such this phenomenon is simply not only limited to be in the third dimensional industry but also both in the interracial marriage and the trend of increasing the number of bolters from North Korea. In Korea, the population of multicultural residents is recently 1.45 million. Additionally the number of multicultural families has been steadily increased up to three hundred fifty thousand. They have given birth to babies with Korean citizenship as well. As researching about the trend of the multicultural youths who reside in Korea, the immigration from foreign countries, the second marriage of a single parent, the breakaway from North Korea and illegal residence contribute to create such a many multicultural youths in Korea. The multicultural youths have several troubles adapting to the Korean Society. Firstly, it is deficiency of self-esteem caused by their parents’ lacking education. The multicultural children’s parents who support them suffer from economic deficiency, low social status and society’s bias toward the multicultural family. The fact absolutely causes them losing academic capability to accommodate themselves to Korea’s school system. Secondly, it is the loss of opportunity to be affiliated intermediately to the public education system for the youth who just emigrated from foreign countries to Korea. In the end of 2008, the officially submitted report presented that the number of youth from foreign countries was estimated approximately ten thousand. But in fact the actual number of the youth was unofficially thirty thousand at that time. For the worst case those who are not registered in government have been still denied to attend public school in Korea. Thirdly, it is the socially psychological stress caused from a cultural shock. While multicultural women reside in Korea, they have been shocked from the difference between their own background and cultural environment. For they recognize the boundary between the major Korean group and the minor foreign group, they suffer from emotional conflict and severe depression. Such the conflict and psychological disorder have been transferred to their children naturally so that the multicultural youths consequently suffer from the same severe depression as their parents have. Fourthly, it is the deviant behavior caused from family violence. The issue related to multicultural families’ violence increases. As researching the statistic report “Comparing to the 2007 report the case of sexual and severe violence happened in the multicultural family was increased up to four times of it in the end of 2010. The violence in the multicultural family naturally has been leading the case of teenage runaway. As looking into the traits of the teenage runaway, those are low self-esteem, deficiency of confidence, sense of inferiority, sarcastic attitude, negative self-image, embarrassing attitude, frustration, and hardships to build the rust in relationship. By the factors described above, the multicultural youths have obtained the critical attitude toward reality. If emphasizing the older generation’s system and traditional custom to the youths, they definitely fall out to their own world in which they establish. Additionally the multicultural youths are sexually open-minded so that they just not only turn down the standard of ethics but also live the pleasure seeking life. In the case letting them to be such there should be socially severe problems. The social conflict of western multicultural countries such as Germany, France and England proves it as well. As a matter of fact the government attempts to remove the fundamental basis of the problems and resolve them through initiating various programs and integrated social welfare. However the attempt has been evaluated as having the limitation, for those kinds of traditional systematic program without love should limit the consequence. From the social perspective for multicultural youth, also for the future of Korea, from the religious perspective to share the gospel they require the ‘Welfare Propagandism’. According to it I, the author of this article analyzed most of articles related to the multicultural youths in Korea and investigated the cases with the insider’s perspective and various alternative missionary works through the welfare which solves these social problems and contribute to the society. I insist that the one who solves such the social problems is church, furthermore insist more strongly that the welfare designed for the multicultural youth finally realizes missionary works for all human beings. To accomplish this, firstly it requires the missionary works increasing their self -esteem through discipleship. All the youths face the external hazards, overcome the stimulations and oppression caused from internal reaction and sink into the pit of despair. The factor which leads the internal reaction is their self-respect. The urgent issue which must be discussed through the multicultural youth welfare is restoration of their self-esteem. Comparing to the ordinary Korean youth, their self-esteem is low. Their improvement of self-esteem must be accompanied with spiritual work as well. Secondly, the missionary work transferred from Church organization to integrate socially and locally in regional area is necessary. Charles Van Engen insists that the position of Church is interpreted in the relationship with the society not only as the one being or active existence in the world but also just participating in God’s mission to innovate the world. Therefore he mentioned that the Church isolated from the social community never exists and the Church which does not contribute to the community just forgot the Church’s true mission. Thirdly the educational missionary is required to help them attending to the upper academic courses. Their main problem of multicultural families’ education is weak reading, vocabulary, writing skills from the delayed language development. It also causes bullying in the class, psychological conflict and losing an opportunity to learn from private institute so that the alternative schools to complement their education must be established as soon as possible. Fourthly, I insist on the welfare missionary work for all human beings through occupation education. The ‘occupation education’ is an official or unofficial system which helps those in need searching all the occupation individually, choosing the proper occupation fitting into their own personal interest, aptitude and capability and developing professional knowledge, functions, attitude, understanding working habit and judgment of specific occupations. For the example of Yoido Full Gospel Church, one of the ministries, the Elim Occupational Education School educates the poor and weak people so that not only multicultural youths but also bolters from North Korea are educated as professionals through the organization. I, the writer of this article once more anticipate that this multicultural youth welfare realizes the growth of Korean church.

시대적 흐름 속에 나타난 VINEYARD MOVEMENT에 대한 평가와 선교적 성령운동에의 제언

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한세대학교 영산글로벌신학연구소 2007 성령과 신학 Vol.23 No.-

다문화 사회와 선교 재한 디아스포라 거류민의 신음에 대한 교회의 선교적 응답

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2008 복음과 선교 Vol.9 No.-

한인 디아스포라의 현황과 선교

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2009 복음과 선교 Vol.11 No.-

성경 번역 극대화의 선교전략 연구

조귀삼 ( Gwi-sam Cho ) 한세대학교 영산글로벌신학연구소 2006 성령과 신학 Vol.22 No.-

구심력의 다문화 유입에 따른 NGO의 선교역할 연구

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2013 복음과 선교 Vol.24 No.-

The number of multi-culture living in Korea have reached about 1.5 million already. Though some may not be neglected or poor, it is obvious that their life in foreign land is tough and weary. Inflow of multi-cultural person into Korea reminds us of what korean diaspora experienced in the past. Thus Korean churches need to take care of growing multi-cultural person and consider them as a target of mission. However, reality doesn`t allow it easily. That is because Korean government prohibits any religious approaches to them, and multi-cultural person have different religious viewpoint. In the midst of these situation, christian NGO is the one that can overcome the obstacles and spread the Gospel. Infact, Korean churches have indebted to western christian NGO for their support. Statistics show that between 1955 and 1970, a period of Korean government establishment as well as period of tragic civil war, 47.7% of the western NGO which helped Korea were christian NGO. By the foreign missionary organization`s great help in the form of NGO, Korea could have secured its status as a christian country today. With the rapid growth of Korean churches, several Korean christian NGO became influential both in and outside Korea. Then, Korean church should also make full use of christian NGO for missional strategy. With this perspective, this paper tries to explain the cause of multi-cultural person`s rapid increase, and connect importance of christian NGO`s supporting role as a tool for mission with the missional strategy. To complete the point, role of christian NGO for growing multi-cultural person in Korea has been discussed. The number of multi-culture live in this land as marriage migrants, industry workers, and North Korean refugees. Primary responsibility for supporting their lives is on the government. And till now, Korean government is helping them in the aspects of policy, administration, and economy. However, christian NGO involves in spiritual support which government overlooks, and this is what that puts christian NGO in a critical position in caring multi-cultural person. This paper introduces multi-cultural ministry with some examples from Korea Food for the Hungry International, Good People, and The Korea Cross-culture Promotion Society. Also, role of multi-cultural ministry and missional strategies are discussed. Inflow of multi-cultural person sometimes draw unwelcome attention due to various social problems arose. Even christians sometimes show sense of refusal against them. Turning these negative feelings into missional spirit should now be done by missiologist. One obvious fact is that unreached people are coming to us and now they are breathing together with us in this society. Writer suggests an active role of christian NGO to care and evangelize multi-cultural person drawn by the centripetal factors, and turn them as a centrifugal missional resources.

다문화선교 재한 중화 디아스포라를 통한 역(逆)―환(環)상황화 모델의 선교적용 연구

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2015 복음과 선교 Vol.30 No.-

China is certainly rising to great-power status in the global economy and politics. This fact makes China accelerate its pace of globalization. The reasons for the emergence of the Chinese Diaspora could be the status of China in the global economy and international politics, its overseas movement due to the population growth, and its nonintervention policy on the religious life of Chinese abroad. As the number of Chinese Diaspora is increasing in the world, it is getting attention from Chinese churches in England, U.S., Canada, and Hong Kong, which are more advanced and mature. For, those churches are regarding the new immigrants as the subjects to evangelize. After the cold war between the US and the Soviet Union ended, China began to have an open-door policy. As a result, it could achieve vigorous interchanges with other nations and establish diplomatic ties with Korea too. There is a need to consider those people coming to Korea to be the resources for the mission work. My interest is on establishing strategies for the evangelization of the world through the cooperation work with the Chinese Diaspora living in Korea. Here in this paper, the word ‘Chinese Diaspora living in Korea’ does not only mean native Chinese in Korea but also those Chinese speakers from Southeast countries. For the research method, due to the lack of time, the articles uploaded on portal sites and studies related to the topic will be used. The purpose of writing this paper is to introduce the mission of Reversal-Recycling Contextualization model by studying the reason of the emergence of Chinese Diaspora in Korea and making them resources for the mission work. China`s open-door policy and diplomatic ties with Korea played a crucial role in developing relationship between Korea and the Chinese Diaspora living in Korea. Korean Diasporas in China under the name of Joseonjok couldn`t do anything but live with hard feelings as a minority group on the fringes of society. But since the two countries established diplomatic ties, they could freely visit Korea, build and maintain relationship with their relatives, and live in Korea. Through marriage, a position in the work place, and business start-ups, they could settle down in Korea. Moreover, other than the people of Joseonjok, Han Chinese and international students are visiting Korea along with ‘Korean Wave’ (called hallyu), which expanded cultural exchanges. There is now a strategy being used in Western countries which is to evangelize the Chinese Diaspora especially scholars. Scholars in Campus or in Chinese communities are classified as the ones for missionary group and they are leading a high rate of conversion. A common feature among new Chinese Christians is that many of them are highly educated in China. And most of them learn about Christianity in abroad. So a majority of them, in the country where they reside, evangelize their families, friends and co-workers who are still in China with the faith of Christianity. While the Chinese Diaspora are living in Korea, Korean churches should take it as an opportunity and wisely use this chance to spread the Gospel with the missionary purpose. To do so, R-R contextualization model of mission should be applied. This model suggests the function of Reversal and Recyling contextualization together for the Chinese Diaspora mission. I would like to call it a recursive function of centripetal and centrifugal force in biblical mission theology. It refers to a strategy that makes the Chinese Diaspora living in Korea learn and experience spiritual life in Christianity and be trained spiritually so that they could evangelize the people around them when they go back to their homeland. Thus, this kind of mission does not end as a one-shot event but become expanded in the structure of recursive circulation. First of all, we need to train leaders and send them out by educating the evangelism theology. And churches should actively engage in the reception of the Chinese Diaspora and turn them into Christians through trainings. Also, we need to provide discipleship-trainings to the international students who come to Korea to learn new knowledge. Lastly, we need to build a Christian community where people can cooperate and live together by establishing social unity through welfare mission with the purpose of perfect salvation, which could bring all the Chinese Diaspora together.

유럽과 한국의 다문화인 유입에 따른 종교 갈등의 비교와 선교 전략 연구

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2012 복음과 선교 Vol.17 No.-

The researcher traced the factors of religious conflict by observing the changing process of immigration policy of Europe`s three countries such as United Kingdom, Germany, and France where many religious conflicts took place in the process of forming multi-culture. With this, researcher suggests missiological alternatives for social integration of Korean society, which can prevent the conflicts. Various European countries` recent efforts of speculating on reckless multi-culture policy which didn`t consider previous immigration policies, and trying new immigration policy approaches such as accepting immigrants selectively, tightening permanent residence and citizenship screening, and strengthening social integration policies are worth notice. That is because some within European countries suffers various problems due to the member of multi-culture influx. And religious conflicts lies in the crux of the problem. Samuel Huntington argued the clash of civilization. Religion is in the core of the civilization clash he asserted, and two streams of religion is the christian cultural sphere and Islam cultural sphere. The number of multicultural foreigners living in Korea exceeds 1.4million. The influx of the workers in the industry, marriage immigrants, and foreign students increased the number of foreigners. Korean multi-culture policy tends to deal with member of multi-culture still with paternalism. That is, social integration policies tend to be misunderstood as just a multicultural family welfare service support. The influx of multi-culture into Korea can possibly bring religious conflict. Therefore researcher proposed three missiological strategy for Korea multicultural people`s genuine social integration. They are coexisting educational mission, wholistic missions application, and discipleship mission through world view reformation. I hope this work would give an insight into the solution of multi-culture conflicts in European countries.

다문화 결혼 이주자의 세계관 분석을 통한 선교커뮤니케이션 연구

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2012 복음과 선교 Vol.20 No.-

The number of multicural persons living in Korea have reached 1.47 million. Among them, the number of multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans has shown dramatical rise. Increase of multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans have brought several national tasks. Till now, multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans has embraced them in the paternalistic view, but as they raise new problems together with many conflicts between spouses or in family, antimulticulturalism phenomenon has been formed as well. To the researcher, mission strategy that changes multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans world view seemed to be the right task that has to be explored by Korean churches. Therefore, this paper tried to analyze world view of multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans , and find a missiological tacpoint as one of the missiological alternatives. For that reason, I examined inflow of multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans into Korea from five selected countries. These five countries-Vietnam, China, Japan, Philippines, and Cambodia-are related to national ranking of inflow. This crash of world view due to the inflow of multicultures is inevitable, because their world view are diverse as naturalism, traibalism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Sinocentrism. I demonstrated the presence of socialism materialism, ancestor worship, syncretism, Kong(nothing) world view that multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans had. Furthermore, I suggested effective communication strategies that help changing their world view and evangelize: Truth communication for accepting Gospel, revolutional communication through critical Contextulation, revolutional communication through Jesus discipleship movement, revolutional communication through inner healing experience, and revolutional communication through life of sanctification modeling. I expect that the diverse world view of multicultural immigrant women married to Koreans be transformed into christian world view through genuine communication with Chistians in Korea, and they experience the power of Gospel and live their life for the Lord.

한국교회 성장 동력의 회복을 위한 소고

조귀삼 ( Gwi Sam Cho ) 한국복음주의선교신학회 2015 복음과 선교 Vol.29 No.-

The church rapidly grew after acceptance of Christianity in Korea. However the major church leaders discuss about the Christian Crisis Theory with the proving evidence of phenomenon that a number of church members and the offering donation amount in a monetary unit decreases currently. In such the situation, looking at the growth factors for Korean church, I analyzed the phenomenal factors caused for the stagnation of church growth in Korea from a critical perspective and described social factors, spiritual perspective, internal factor of church, external influences of church to prepare the power source for the future growth of church. Therefore I researched all these issues to suggest guidance for the development and growth of church along with the purpose of the mission. The Koran church was pioneered by western missionaries. According to the history, the religious column of Korea, confucian established by Cho-Sun Dynasty must yield their highest position to the Christianity. The change of society generally creates new motivation. The relationship between Israel’s Exodus and the change of society testifies the previous sentence described as an example. Scholars generally insist that the causes of Korean church’s rapid growth are racial characteristics having religious mind, western medical technology, education and the realized vision of the missionary nature revealed in the Bible. As a matter of fact the Korean church has changed our nation with western newspaper, medical technology and social volunteers. Especially, we can certainly assure that the Pyung-Yang conference was the major catalyst of Korean church growth. With such the power, the Korean Christianity had to endure persecutions and hardships from the policy of eliminating Christianity under Japan’s suppression. Additionally the Christianity has become the space of the nation’s hope as the pain of dividing the Korean Peninsula goes deeply. As passing 1960s the church had been positioned as the new community in Korea through civilization that the city was densely populated from the suburban side with the advent of the industrial society. The church grew rapidly day by day. Also the new political and religious power was created. But the growth of Korean church ceased as passing 1990s. The various many causes about this were already revealed. But as passing by 1990s, we recognize that the church growth has been stagnated. We could discover many various causes. Those are the influence of secularization, the stagnation of population composition and the negative image of leadership. Especially the advent of similar Christianity caused people to be confused generally with the real identity of Christianity. For the instance, such as the principal sermon of the unification church (tong-il-kyo) and the lesson of ku-won-pa, both of these representatives of Korean heresy accepted the traditional Christianity and history to damage the truth of Christianity. Additionally, such the heresy, shin-chon-ji has directly damaged the traditional church and caused enormous problems. I, the writer of this article attempted to find alternatives for future growth of church through two organizations. The first alternative came from the internal factor from church inside. The spiritual power source such as Pyung-Yang Revival Conference opened in 1970, the spiritual dynamic movement with fullness of Holy Spirit, prayer movement and mission movement should be restored and must sweep through the Korea peninsula. Because all church members of Korea consistently agree with the spiritual meaning of Pyung-Yang Revival Conference opened in 1907. Secondly, it was mentioned that the social function of church from the perspective of Holistic Salvation Theory should be realized for the second alternative. I already insisted that the Theology of Diakonia, multicultural community, a community life with neighbors could initiate the second growth of Korean church in the post-modern society. Thirdly, the last alternative is to restore the Korean church leadership. The Korean churches suffer from the scarcity of leadership currently. The change of philosophy caused from secularization, the development of SNS which became the representative communication of world expose the inner problems of church called ‘holy place’ and influenced the leadership of church negatively. I, the writer of this article pray that the Korean church must be remembered as the amazing church in the world church history and missionary history, furthermore to expand the God’s kingdom.