中學校 家政의 衣生活 領域과 他敎科와의 關連性에 대한 硏究 : 敎育課程을 中心으로

鄭喜子 朝鮮大學校 敎育大學院 1987 敎育論叢 Vol.3 No.3

조기 영어 교육의 이론과 실제

정희자 釜山外國語大學校 語學硏究所 1994 外大語文論集 Vol.10 No.-

삶으로서의 은유

정희자 부산 외국어 대학교 1999 外大論叢 Vol.19 No.3

There has been a great change in views of metaphor from the traditional notion that metaphor is a cosmetic rhetorical device or a stylistic ornament to the notion of cognitive linguistics that it is not a matter of language alone, but an omnipresent principle of thought. This study aims to show the essence of metaphor and its functions in everyday life, through analyzing the data collected from everday language such as informal dialogues, newspaper articles, and pop songs. The findings are as follows: first, metaphor is a process of conceptaulization through image schema and metaphorical projection of experiences in physical domains into those in abstract concept "LIFE" in terms of the concrete concept of "WAR". This conceptualization is reflected in our everyday language by wide variety of expressions. However, we don`t just talk about life in terms of war. We often compete with others in a variety of activities. We regard the person we are competing with as an opponent. We use strategies to win in the comppetition with the opponetn. Many of the things we do in activities are partially structured by the concept of war. The conceptual metaphor "LIFE IS WAR" structures what we do and how we understand what we are doing in everyday life. Thus, we can say that the essence of metaphor is understanding and experiencing one social functions. They are necessary to communicate in a vivid and compact manner ideas or new experiences that might otherwise be inexpressible. Metaphors are, therefore, indispensable in everyday language, verbal or nonverbal. Metaphors also have social functions. We often use a metaphorical talk to reinforce intimacy with others, inform them about our own attitudes and beliefs in indirect ways, or indicate membership in a particular subgroup. This is because metaphorical uses of language are inaccessible to all but those who share specific information about one another`s knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes, or their common ground. Especially based on the above findings, we can conclude that metaphor is an integral part of our ordinary thought, language, and activities in everyday life.

여성과 벤처산업

정희자 동덕여자대학교 1999 여성창업강좌 Vol.3 No.-

삶의 환유

정희자 釜山 外國語 大學校 1999 外大論叢 Vol.19 No.4

This paper aims to provide the nature and function of metonymy in everyday life. Metonymy has been regarded as the phenomenon that one entity is being used to refer to another. Through the systemic analysis of conventional expressions used in everyday life, we found a lot of metonymic expressions. They appear to be produced on the basis of metonymic concepts, which are grounded in our experiences and allow us to conceptualize one thing by means of its relation to something else. Metonymic expressions have a referential function, and metonymic concepts lying under these expressions serve the function of providing understanding. Metonymic concepts are not just seen in language and thoughts, but in actions(gestures) and activities(films & dramas). Many iconic gestures appear to be based on metonymy, and films and dramas are tied to various models of metonymies since the very processes of filming and staging entail selections and rejections. Thus, we can say that metonymic concepts structure not only our language and thoughts, but also actions and activities. Speaker`s frequent use of metonymic expressions and listener`s understanding of these expressions are motivated by metonymic models that form a significant part of our everday conceptual system. We have not only used many conventional metonymies(e.g. We don`t hire long hairs), but also created novel metonymies(e.g. The ham sandwich is waiting for his check). We also reason using metonymic models, as in "How did you get to the school? I waved down a taxi". The metonymic models for entities are "a part for the whole", "a part for another", and "the whole for a part". The metonymic model for categories is "a subcategory for the category". Metonymy has traditionally been viewed as a special rhetorical device in poetry and literature. However, this paper has revealed, in a similar way that cognitive psychologists recognized, that metonymy is a ubiquitous part of how people think of and refer to people, places, events, and things, not simply a figure of language requiring special processes to be understood.

Depressive Symptoms and Menstrual Cycle Irregularity among Community Women of Childbearing Age

정희자,방양희 국제문화기술진흥원 2023 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.11 No.2

Menstrual cycle irregularity reflects the reproductive health of women of childbearing age, but studies are scant on women in communities. In this study, we identified factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity among 884 community women of childbearing age (19–40 years) and confirmed the relationship between menstrual cycle irregularity and depressive symptoms. Data were collected through online or mobile platforms. We noted that 25% of participants had menstrual cycle irregularity. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that age, irregular eating, and depressive symptoms were associated with menstrual cycle irregularity. After adjusting for confounding variables, participants with depressive symptoms were at a slightly higher risk of menstrual cycle irregularity (odds ratio = 1.078, confidence interval = 1.021–1.139). Additional support be provided for community-living women of childbearing age with depressive symptoms, to improve their reproductive health

銅鍍金에 관한 硏究

丁喜子,朴榮姬,金順子 이화여자대학교 사범대학 과학교육과 1966 과학교육 Vol.2 No.-

영어 관용어에 대하여 : 인지의미론적 관점에서 A View from Cognitive Semantics

정희자 부산 외국어 대학교 2004 外大論叢 Vol.28 No.-

According to the traditional definition, idioms are linguistic expressions whose overall meaning cannot be predicted from the meanings of the constituent parts. Although we agree with the traditional view that there is no complete predictability, we suggest that there is a great deal of systematic conceptual motivation for the meaning of most idioms. We show the following: First, most idioms are based on conceptual metaphors, metonymies, and conventional knowledge. Second, systematic motivation arises from set of conceptual mappings that obtain between a source domain and a target domain. Third, the general meaning of idioms appears to be determined by the particular source domain that apply to a particular target domain, as in [THE MIND IS A CONTAINER]. Finally, more specific meanings of idioms are provided by the 'ontological mapping' that applies to given idiomatic expressions, as in "John just exploded" and "John got steamed up" based on the specific metaphorical concept [ANGER IS A HOT FLUID IN A CONTAINER].

간호사의 병원감염 예방에 대한 지식과 실천

정희자,조정민 병원간호사회 2004 임상간호연구 Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: This study investigated to provide basic data that construct an efficient prevention of the nosocomial infection through understanding the knowledge and the performance degree about preventive action of the nosocomial infection that nurse's recognize. Method: This study collected data through research paper. We examined all nurses(217 nurses)except nurses who work in outpatients ward in this hospital. The period of research was September to November, 2002. The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC_(+) with percentage, average, standard deviation, paired t-test. Result: The results of the study were as follows. These are general features of the objects; The average age was 32.6. According to the degree of education, graduation of college was 70.1%. The average period of career was 117.4 months. 94.4% answered that they were educted in hospital infection. 51.9% answered that they were educated at incumbent nursing education, 14% at continuing education. The knowledge was 3.92 point on the average and the performance was 3.72 point in preventive action of the nosocomial infection. There were statistically significant differences between knowledge and performance. Conclusion: The result of this study is that the performance degree was lower than the knowledge about preventive action of the nosocomial infection. Therefore, the continuous education that could enhance the performance is needed.

진화론적 방법을 이용한 간호사의 태움 개념분석

정희자 국제문화기술진흥원 2019 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.5 No.4

The purpose of the present study was to prepare baseline data for developing nursing theory and knowledge by analyzing the concept of taeoom among the nurses and by investigating the differences from the similar concept of workplace bullying. This study carried out an analysis after perusing 15 articles selected from 125 research articles retrieved according to the evolutionary method of Rodgers. The attributes of taeoom found in the present study were passage rites, painful human relationships, verbal attacks, and working relationships. There is a clear difference in concept between taeoom and workplace bullying, therefore the two concepts should be used discriminatively in nursing research. In addition, by the dynamic changes of the properties of taeoom according to the times and social circumstances, the concept of taeoom is gradually expanding and changing negatively. 본 연구의 목적은 간호사 태움에 대한 개념분석을 통해 그 개념을 명확히 하고, 유사개념인 직장 내 괴롭힘(workplace bullying)과의 차이를 규명하여 간호이론과 지식개발을 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 함이다. 본 연구는 Rodgers의 진화론적 방법에 따라 태움에 대한 개념분석을 실시하였으며, 검색된 총 125편의 논문 중 본 연구에 필요한 15의 논문을 정독한 후 분석하였다. 연구결과로 나타난 태움의 속성은 통과의례, 고통스러운 인간관계, 언어적 공격, 업무관계였다. 본 연구결과 태움과 집단 내 괴롭힘은 다른 개념으로 추후 간호연구와 실무에서 구분되어 사용되어야 하며, 태움의 속성이 시대와 사회 환경에 따라 점차 더 확대되고, 부정적으로 변화하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다.