의료환경에서의 인간공학적 방법 및 기술 적용

정화식,정인주 대한인간공학회 2008 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

In the conduct of activities of daily work, human beings will do other than what is absolutely correct. These sorts of incorrect actions or inactions can align with other circumstances to result in an adverse outcome called an “accident.” Good design can help to trap failures so that the end result isn’t a bad outcome. Ergonomics and Human factors engineering(HFE) is about designing systems for the very human people who will use them, with the aim that they will achieve the intended outcomes. Those outcomes obviously should not be adverse outcomes. Ultimately, the solutions that HFE offers must come from deeper changes in the way health care processes and technologies are designed from the outset. Failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA) and sociotechnical systems analysis(STSA) should be required for all new medical care processes or significant changes in existing processes. Everyone involved in the design, implementation, management, or direct use of systems and technologies should be educated about the importance of HFE. Manufacturers should incorporate sound HFE principles into their engineering design processes. Standards and regulations should explicitly require evidence of application of HFE processes.

Development of a Student Chair for Promoting the Physical Growth and Safety

정화식,정형식 대한안전경영과학회 2005 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.7 No.2

우리의 식생활 및 주거 환경이 향상됨에 따라 과거에 비해 학생들의 체격이 커지고 체형 또한 점차 서구화 되가는 경향을 보이고 있으나 아직까지도 초중고등학교에서는 학생 자신의 체격에 적합하게 조절하여 사용할 수 없는 고정형 의자를 사용하고 있다. 이에 따라 학생들의 신체발육에 지장을 초래 할 수 있으며 특히 요통과 같은 허리에 문제를 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 학생 자신의 체격에 맞게 높낮이를 자유롭게 조절하여 사용할 수 있는 학생용 의자를 개발하였다. 개발된 조절형 의자는 일반적으로 사용하는 학생용 의자의 다리부분에 풀림과 조임이 가능한 금속제 나사형식의 높이조절봉을 도입하여 공구가 필요 없이 손으로 회전시켜 좌판의 높이를 자유롭게 조절하여 사용할 수 있게 설계하였다. 또한 의자 등받이는 전후상하방향으로 이동되게 함으로써 착석 시 좌판의 깊이와 등받이의 높낮이를 동시에 한번의 동작으로 조절 가능하게 하였다. 한편 개발된 조절형 의자는 현재 우리나라에서 채택하여 사용하고 있는 ISO 5970(Standards for tables and chairs for educational institutions)과 비교하여 수용능력에 따른 적합성 여부를 평가하였으며 피실험자 40명을 대상으로 fitting trials를 실시하였다. 평가결과 개발된 조절형 의자는 두가지 평가 기준에 적합하였으며 실용화 가능성을 발견하였다. 향후 이를 각급 학교 및 학원에 보급 활용함으로써 학생들의 이상체형 형성을 억제하여 신체 발육과 안전을 도모할 수 있으며 학습효과 또한 높일 수 있다고 판단된다.

신체특성에 따른 몸통굴곡 유연성과 신체 단련성에 관한 연구

정화식,정인주,정동혁 한국스포츠리서치 2007 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.18 No.5

한국인의 손 치수 및 특성에 관한 연구

정화식,정형식,Jeong, Hwa-Sik,Jeong, Hyeong-Sik 대한인간공학회 2003 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

A variety of research has been conducted on anthropometric dimensions and their applications to various products and space architecture, Also robust research has been conducted on various parts of human body and the possibility of applications. However, research on the specific dimensions regarding fingers and characteristics of hands have rarely been conducted in Korea. In addition, except for the NASA Anthropometric Source Book that suggests measures for specific purposes such as gloves and hand-operated device, almost no literature can be found on this topic, The primary objective of this study was thus to provide anthropometric dimensions of Korean hands and fingers and recommend appropriate product design solutions for human hands. Six hundred Korean male and female subjects aging from 11 to 93 were selected, Thirteen different hands and fingers were measured along with demographic data(e.g., age, stature, weight} to determine the relationships among these obtained data, The results of this study should be considered in ergonomic design for every hand-used products and hand-operated control devices.

주시(Eye Dominance)에 관한 조사 및 인간공학적 분석

정화식 대한안전경영과학회 2004 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.6 No.2

It is known that most people have a dominant eye, even though each of their two eyes in isolation may provide equal vision. In this study, 600 Korean male and female subjects aging from 11 to 78 were selected to investigate the various statistics about eye dominance( whether the left or right eye is dominant} in Korean and their employment characteristics of preferred eye in sighting diverse things. A simple sighting test was applied such that subjects are requested to aim a distance target through small hole in B4 sized paper with both eyes open. The dominant eye was determined by alternate occlusion: when viewing with the dominant eye into the hole is aligned with the target, whereas when viewing with the other eye into the hole appears offset to one side. The descriptive statistics showed that 83.7% and 16.3% were right and left eye dominant respectively. Moreover, various statistical analysis revealed that general tendency of eye dominance was varied by age, gender, hand dominance and visual acuity. It was thus found from these results that people sighting their eyes differently depending on the eye dominance when they sight things.

An Ergonomics Approach for Developing Korean Style Chiropractic Table

정화식 대한산업공학회 1999 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.1999 No.10

Elucidation of Bacterial Pneumonia-Causing Pathogens in Patients with Respiratory Viral Infection

정화식,강병주,나승원,서광원,제갈양진,전재범,정지원,정윤성,전희정,안재성,이태훈,안종준 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.4

Background: Bacterial pneumonia occurring after respiratory viral infection is common. However, the predominant bacterial species causing pneumonia secondary to respiratory viral infections other than influenza remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to know whether the pathogens causing post-viral bacterial pneumonia vary according to the type of respiratory virus. Methods: Study subjects were 5,298 patients, who underwent multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses, among who visited the emergency department or outpatient clinic with respiratory symptoms at Ulsan University Hospital between April 2013 and March 2016. The patients’ medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 251 clinically significant bacteria were identified in 233 patients with post-viral bacterial pneumonia. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most frequent bacterium in patients aged <16 years, regardless of the preceding virus type (p=0.630). In patients aged ≥16 years, the isolated bacteria varied according to the preceding virus type. The major results were as follows (p<0.001): pneumonia in patients with influenza virus (type A/B), rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus infections was caused by similar bacteria, and the findings indicated that Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia was very common in these patients. In contrast, coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus infections were associated with pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: The pathogens causing post-viral bacterial pneumonia vary according to the type of preceding respiratory virus. This information could help in selecting empirical antibiotics in patients with post-viral pneumonia.

의료기기와 의료시스템의 사용성 평가에 대한 고찰

정화식,정동혁 대한인간공학회 2009 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.5

Usability testing is an important human factors engineering methodology for the health care industries and organizations to understand and expect in the design of medical devices and systems. Poor design of the human-machine interface is the root cause of many medical errors. Therefore, human factors engineering principles can be applied to system and medical device design to decrease the likelihood of adverse events. Usability testing is a research tool that helps designers of consumer, commercial, and military products and systems discover design problems and the potential for error. Usability testing can also help designers of medical products and systems create designs that are error resistant, error defeating, and error forgiving. Health care industries and organizations should involve human factors engineering in the design processes from the beginning and should perform usability testing to discover unanticipated sources of error and evaluate the devices’ and systems’ ability to protect from human error.

보행자 특성에 따른 횡단보도표시등 표준시간의 평가

정화식,김우열,정인주 대한안전경영과학회 2005 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.7 No.1

포대 운반손잡이의 인간공학적 디자인 및 평가

정화식,박아성,정형식 대한산업공학회 2004 산업공학 Vol.17 No.1