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원격작용: 일정한 유한속력으로 교란없이 전파하는 장을 통한 작용
정진모,정복근 한국물리학회 2003 New Physics: Sae Mulli Vol.47 No.5
We propose the viewpoint that an instantaneous action-at-a-distance interaction between two particles at rest is, indeed, the result of a local interaction of one particle with fields produced by the other particle, which are not static, but propagationg with a finite speed without leaving any wakes in the form of disturbances. 한 정지한 입자가 다른 정지한 입자로부터 받는 원격작용의 힘은 `다른 입자에 의해 연속적으로 생성되어 유한 크기의 일정한 속력으로 어떠한 교란도 (비록 그것이 순간적인 것일지라도) 남기지 않고 전파하는 장과 그 입자와의 국소적 상호작용의 결과이다'라는 관점을 제시한다.
정진모,백광세,남택상,김인교,강두희,Chung, Jin-Mo,Paik, Kwang-Se,Nam, Taick-Sang,Kim, In-Kyo,Kang, Doo-Hee 대한생리학회 1981 대한생리학회지 Vol.15 No.1
Studies have been conducted to test the effect of Ginseng alcohol extract on the membrane potentials of frog skeletal muscle. The gastrocnemius muscle was isolated and placed in a chamber containing the Clark-frog Ringer solution. Membrane potentials were recorded using microelectrodes filled with 3 M KCI and muscle was electrically stimulated to obtain action potential. Changes in both the action potential and the resting membrane potential were observed after adding an appropriate amount of Ginseng alcohol extract in the perfusing Ringer solution. The results obtained from 346 muscle cells are summarized as follows : 1) The average resting membrane potential of the normal frog gastrocnemius muscle cell was -92.8 mV and the peak of the action potential reached at 29.8 mV. 2) Both the resting membrane potential and the peak of the action potential decreased by Ginseng alcohol extract, the effect being proportional to the dose of Ginseng alcohol extract. 3) The resting membrane potential and the peak of the action potential continuously decreased until about 40 min after Ginseng addition and leveled off thereafter. The potentials recovered to its original value after Ginseng was washed out. 4) The resting membrane potential was more sensitive to the Ginseng alcohol extract than was the action potential. These results strongly suggest that Ginseng alcohol extract increases both the $Na^+$ and $K^+$ permeability in the skeletal muscle cell membrane.