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《醒世姻緣傳》可補程度副詞情況考察 -以“極”、“흔”爲中心-
정진강,고영 한국중문학회 2016 中國文學硏究 Vol.0 No.62
Marriage Stories to Awaken the World is the important language material in modern Chinese period, its choice of words greatly reflects the language phenomena and laws of the middle and late period of modern Chinese. There are six complemented adverbs of degree “unusually, even, very(cruelly), extremely, severely, supremely” in Marriage Stories to Awaken the World. From the view of the ideographic function, the predicate-complement structures composed by the six complemented adverbs of degree do not mean the comparison, but the degree. The meanings that different adverbs represented are quite different, the expressions of “unusually, extremely, supremely” are higher than “even, very(cruelly), severely”. From a structural point of view, the use frequency of combinative complement is significantly higher than the adhesive complement. In most cases with complementizer “de”, the modified components are adjectives and psychological verbs. This paper studies the origin and development process of degree adverbs “extremely” and “very(cruelly)” used as the complement. Through the comparative analysis of the usage of “extremely” in different period, the paper summarizes the major features that degree adverbs used as complement in Marriage Stories to Awaken the World. (1) the usage that “extremely” used as complement is comparatively mature, the grammaticalized degree is high. Compared with the Zhuzi’s Language Category, Jinpingmei Cihua, the cases that “extremely” used as complement increase obviously, “extremely” has become the main complemented adverb of degree in Marriage Stories to Awaken the World, the grammatical function is more prominent, it lays a foundation for the continuous development of the “extremely” used as complement. (2)“extremely”not only inherits the structural form “AP+extremely(之極)” of ancient Chinese, but also appears the structural form “AP/VP+de(得/的)+extremely(極了)” and “AP/VP+extremely(極了)” of modern period. “AP/VP+de(得/的)+extremely(極了)” is a combinative structure, the structural particle “de”(得) and “de”(的) in the corpus can be regarded as a variant form of the same particle. In the structure, wether this particle “de”(得/的) appears or not, will not affect the semantics and syntactic structure, two structural forms can coexist. (3) Except the case of “AP+extremely(之 極)” in the corpus, the modal particle “le(了)” all appear behind the “extremely(極)”,the adhesive use of “extremely(極)” and “le(了)” is relatively fixed, and has become the important basis for the adhesive use of “extremely(極)” and “le(了)” in modern Chinese. The main features of degree adverbs “very/cruelly” used as complement in Marriage Stories to Awaken the World :(1)”very” and “cruelly” is at the beginning of the word differentiation, the development has shown the imbalance. Basically, adjective “very” has already weakened into degree adverb, while “cruelly” still remains the meaning of “cruel” as an adjective, and the frequence of use is very high. The part-of-speech of “very” is single, while “cruelly” can coexist as adjective and adverb of degree. (2) Because the adjective “cruel” moves backwards as complement, it promotes the “cruel” in the complement position along with the transition from the adjective to the degree adverb. The coexistence of adjective “cruel” as a complement and degree adverb “cruelly” as a complement is an important manifestation in this particular period of development. (3)In practical use, “very/cruelly” used as a complement is more dominant than it used as the adverbial, at this point, there are a large number of the same or similar degree adverbs coexisting. The development of the emerging adverb “very” is influenced and restricted by the degree adverb “even”, the use of adverbial is marginalized, so there are more use cases as complements.
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정진강 중국어문논역학회 2006 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.17 No.-
The aim of this treatise is that diagnoses teaching/ learning circumstances of Chinese language class (in liberal arts courses) in Korean universities, tries to find a solution to a problem, indicates the remedy to revitalize Chinese education in liberal arts courses.In this writing, the way of revitalizing Chinese education was proposed from three aspects.
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정진강,철휘 한국중국언어학회 2013 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.46
본고는 근대중국어에 보이는 보편적인 언어현상을 한국한문소설을 통하여 검증할 목적으로 시작된 두 번째 논문이다. 이를 위해 본고는 조선시대 한문소설《玉樓夢》에 사용된 모든 친족 호칭어를 추출한 후, 통시적·공시적 연구방법론을 활용하여《玉樓夢》에 나타난 친족 호칭어의 특징을 귀납·정리하였다. 통시적 방면에서는 상고시기의 《爾雅》와 중고시기의《三國志》그리고 현대중국어에 보이는 친족 호칭어를 비교의 대상으로 삼아 각 시기별 친족호칭어의 거시적 측면에서의 차이점과 공통점을 분석하였다. 공시적 방면에서는《三國演義》·《水滸傳》·《紅樓夢》·《兒女英雄傳》을 비교의 대상으로 삼아, 근대중국어에 보이는 친족호칭어의 미시적인 차이와 공통적인 특징을 분석하였다. 이상의 고찰을 통하여 한국한문소설《玉樓夢》에도 근대중국어에 보이는 친족 호칭어의 보편적인 특징이 엄존하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
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