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어닐링 온도 변화가 Al/연강 클래드재의 계면 특성에 미치는 영향
정은욱,김희봉,김동용,김민중,조영래,Jeong, Eun-Wook,Kim, Hoi-Bong,Kim, Dong-Yong,Kim, Min-Jung,Cho, Young-Rae 한국재료학회 2012 한국재료학회지 Vol.22 No.11
For heat exchanger applications, 2-ply clad materials were fabricated by rolling of aluminum (Al) and mild steel sheets. Effects of annealing temperature on interface properties, especially on inter-layer formation and softening of strain hardened mild-steel, for Al/mild steel clad materials, were investigated. To obtain optimum annealing conditions for the Al/mild steel clad materials, annealing temperature was varied from room temperature to $600^{\circ}C$. At the annealing temperature about $450^{\circ}C$, an inter-layer was formed in an island-shape at the interface of the Al/mild steel clad materials; this island expanded along the interface at higher temperature. By analyzing the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks and the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results, it was determined that the exact chemical stoichiometry for the inter-layer was that of $Fe_2Al_5$. In some samples, an X-layer was formed between the Al and the inter-layer of $Fe_2Al_5$ at high annealing temperature of around $550^{\circ}C$. The existence of an X-layer enhanced the growth of the inter-layer, which resulted in the delamination of the Al/mild-steel clad materials. Hardness tests were also performed to examine the influence of the annealing temperature on the cold deformability, which is a very important property for the deep drawing process of clad materials. The hardness value of mild steel gradually decreased with increasing annealing temperature. Especially, the value of hardness sharply decreased in the temperature range between $525^{\circ}C$ and $550^{\circ}C$. From these results, we can conclude that the optimum annealing temperature is around $550^{\circ}C$ under condition of there being no X-layer creation.
정은욱 ( Eun Wook Jung ),정승원 ( Seung Won Jeong ),서영준 ( Young Joon Seo ),최대봉 ( Dae Bong Choi ) 한국병원경영학회 2007 병원경영학회지 Vol.12 No.4
The objective of this study is to examine relevant factors of the service level of aged care facilities. The sample used in this study consisted of 357 aged care facilities in Korea. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaire and 140 returned questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS Version 12.0. The major findings of the study are as follows: First, there was no significant mean difference in the service level by the facility characteristics, except the length of operation. Second, it was found that both administrative characteristics and employer characteristics were positively associated with the level of nursing and supportive services. Third, the study results revealed that the following three variables of employee education and training, community networks, and employer`s philosophy and management principles had significant positive effects on the level of nursing services. Meanwhile, the following two variables of employee education and training, and community networks had significant positive effects on the level of supportive services. In conclusion, in order to improve their service level, the managers of aged care facilities in Korea should make efforts to provide more employee education and training, establish networks with the community stakeholders, for example, local clinics and hospitals. It is also recommended for the government to make a policy inducing more qualified private investors to enter the aged care market, as well as to strengthen the qualification of the managers of the public aged care facilities.
유전자 2형인 만성 C형간염 환자에서 페그인터페론과 리바비린의 단기간 치료 효과
정은욱 ( Eun Uk Jung ),박지훈 ( Ji Hun Park ),배경임 ( Kyung Im Pae ),강석우 ( Suk Woo Kang ),박성재 ( Sung Jae Park ),지삼룡 ( Sam Ryong Jee ),박은택 ( Eun Tak Park ),이연재 ( Youn Jae Lee ),이상혁 ( Sang Hyuk Lee ),설상영 ( Sang 대한간학회 2007 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.13 No.3
내시경역행담췌관조영술에서 조영제 주입 전 담즙 흡인의 임상적 효과
최정식 ( Jung Sik Choi ),강대환 ( Dae Hwan Kang ),김현대 ( Hyun Dae Kim ),엄상화 ( Sang Hwa Urm ),이상헌 ( Sang Heun Lee ),김지현 ( Ji Hyun Kim ),지삼룡 ( Sam Ryong Jae ),정은욱 ( Eun Uk Jung ),박성재 ( Sung Jae Park ),이연재 ( Yo 대한소화기학회 2012 대한소화기학회지 Vol.60 No.6
목적: 내시경역행담췌관조영술 후 담관염, 간기능의 악화, 담낭염, 췌장염 등의 합병증을 경험하게 된다. 이를 예방하기 위한 방법으로 조영제 주입 전 담즙을 일부 흡인함으로써 폐쇄 담관의 감압을 통한 이들 합병증의 빈도가 감소하는지를 알아보기 위하여 이번 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2008년 12월 1일부터 2010년 6월 30일까지 3차 의료기관에서 내시경역행담췌관조영술을 시행한 988명의 환자 중 담관 조영술 전에 일정량의 담즙 흡인 후 조영제를 주입한 환자 102명과 통상적인 방법인 담즙 흡인 없이 조영제를 주입하여 담관 조영술을 시행한 대조군 115명을 대상으로 하여 시술 후 담관염, 간기능의 악화, 담낭염, 췌장염 등을 전향적으로 비교하였다. 결과: 조영제 주입전 담즙 흡입을 먼저 시행한 102명 중 담관염은 3명(2.9%), 시술 후 간기능 악화 4명(3.9%), 담낭염과 췌장염은 1명도 발생하지 않았다. 시술 후 복통 없이 혈청 아밀라제 증가만 보인 경우가 6명(5.8%)이었다. 대조군 115명 중에서 담관염은 1명(0.4%), 시술 후 간기능 악화소견을 보인 환자는 9명(7.8%), 췌장염은 3명(2.6%), 시술 후 복통 없이 혈청 아밀라제 증가만 보인 경우가 10명(8.6%)이었으며, 담낭염은 1명도 발생하지 않았다. 조영제 주입 전 담즙 흡입군과 대조군에서 시술 후 합병증의 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p>0.05). 결론: 담관 폐쇄 환자에서 내시경역행담췌관조영술을 시행할때 선택적 담관 삽관 후 일정량의 담즙을 흡인한 후에 조영제를 주입하여 담관조영술을 하는 경우에 시술 후 합병증 예방에 미치는 영향은 미미하였다. Background/Aims: This study was designed to determine whether bile aspiration before contrast injection cholangiogram prevent of post-ERCP cholangitis, liver function worsening, cholecystitis and pancreatitis. Methods: One hundred and two patients in the bile aspiration group before contrast injection from December 1, 2008 to December 30, 2009 and 115 patients in the conventional control group from January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2010 were analyzed. The incidence of post-ERCP cholangitis, liver function worsening, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and hyperamylasemia only were compared between these two groups. Results: In the 102 patients with the bile aspiration group, post-ERCP cholangitis in 3 patients (2.9%), liver function worsening in 4 patients (3.9%), cholecystitis and pancreatitis in none, and hyperamylasemia only in 6 patients (5.8%) occurred. In the 115 patients with control group, post-ERCP cholangitis in 1 patient (0.4%), liver function worsening in 9 patients (7.8%), cholecystitis in none, pancreatitis in 3 patients (2.6%), hyperamylasemia only in 10 patients (8.6%) developed, The two groups did not significantly differ in terms of the incidence of post-ERCP cholangitis, liver function worsening, pancreatitis, and hyperamylasemia only (p>0.05). Conclusions: Initially bile juice aspiration just before contrast injection into the bile duct rarely prevented post-ERCP cholangitis, liver function worsening, and pancreatitis in patients with the extrahepatic bile duct obstruction.
침습선암의 조직소견이 동반된 혼합형 증식성 선종성 직장용종 1예
서효림 ( Hyo Rim Seo ),김지현 ( Ji Hyun Kim ),정수진 ( Soo Jin Jung ),최윤정 ( Yun Jung Choi ),류충헌 ( Choong Heon Ryu ),박관식 ( Kwan Sik Park ),하승인 ( Seoung In Ha ),정은욱 ( Eun Uk Jung ),이상헌 ( Sang Heon Lee ),박성재 ( Su 대한장연구학회 2012 Intestinal Research Vol.10 No.3
Epithelial colon polyps are largely divided into hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps. Adenomatous polyps are premalignant lesions, whereas hyperplastic polyps are regarded as benign lesions. However, this histological classification has been blurred, as cases of malignant changes in hyperplastic polyposis, mixed hyperplastic adenomatous polyps (MHAPs), and serrated adenomas in the colon have been reported. Rare cases of MHAP have been reported, and are mainly found at the proximal colon with a relatively large size. MHAPs seem to be an intermediate stage of the hyperplastic polyp-adenoma sequence or a collision tumor. Here, we report on a case of a single polyp in the rectum diagnosed with a MHAP combined with an invasive adenocarcinoma. (Intest Res 2012;10:295-299)
RF sputter를 이용한 실리카 증착 고 내구성 반사 방지막 제조
전성권,정은욱,나종주,권정대,Jeon, Seong-Gwon,Jeong, Eun-Uk,Rha, Jong-Joo,Kwon, Jung-Dae 한국표면공학회 2019 한국표면공학회지 Vol.52 No.2
We fabricated durable anti-reflective(AR) layer with silica globular coating on polymer by two steps. Firstly, nano-protrusions of polymer were formed by plasma etching known as R.I.E(reactive ion etching) process. Secondly, silica globular coating was deposited on polymer nano-protrusions for mechanically protective and optically enhancing AR layers by RF magnetron sputter. And then durable antireflective polymers were synthesized adjusting plasma power and time, working pressures of RIE and RF sputtering processes. Consequently, we acquired the average transmission (94.10%) in the visible spectral range 400-800 nm and the durability of AR layer was verified to sustain its transmission until 5,000 numbers by rubber test at a load of 500 gf.
자동차보험과 건강보험의 의료기관 종별가산율 일원화 논리에 대한 고찰
김정덕 ( Jung Duck Kim ),정은욱 ( Eun Wook Jeong ),이종훈 ( Jong Hoon Lee ) 경희대학교 경영연구원 2012 의료경영학연구 Vol.6 No.4
Government has driven the unification of added-ratio by size of medical institution(below ``added-ratio``) between National Health Insurance(NHI) and Traffic Accident Insurance(TAI). And Some studies have supported the policy through arguing that length of stay(LOS) and medical expenditure per hospitalization care of TAI is longer or higher than that of NHI. There is added-ratio difference in tertiary hospital(TAI 15%p higher than NHI), general hospital(TAI 12%p higher than NHI) among medical institutions between NHI and TAI(below ``group A``). But there is no difference in hospital(TAI 1%p higher than NHI), clinic(TAI=NHI)(below ``group B``). The policy target for the unification of added-ratio is group A. But LOS and medical expenditure per hospitalization care(MEPC) of group A is very short in realty. And management strategy of group A is not MEPC but medical expenditure per day(MEPD). To compare 3 medical institutions(general hospital, hospital, clinic) with LOS and MEPC according to same ICD code between NHI`s inpatients and TAI`s inpatients. 3 general hospitals, 3 hospitals, 3 clinics. Treatment amount of 6 months for each medical institutions. TAI`s LOS and MEPC of General hospital is shorter than that of NHI. But THI`s LOS and MEPC of hospital and clinic is longer than that of NHI. TAI`s LOS and MEPC of Group A is shorter than that of NHI. But TAI`s LOS and MEPC of group B is longer than that of NHI.
플라즈마 표면처리가 표면에너지와 Cr코팅층 / 기판의 부착 특성에 미치는 영향
김동용 ( Dong Yong Kim ),정은욱 ( Eun Wook Jeong ),후이 ( Kwun Nam Hui ),최영선 ( Young Son Choe ),한정호 ( Jung Ho Han ),조영래 ( Young Rae Cho ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2013 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.51 No.10
Atmospheric plasma surface treatment (APST) was applied on the soda-lime glass and silicon wafer(Si-wafer) substrates for surface modification. The surface energy for the surface treated samples was measured using the wetting angle. The effect of APST on surface energy and interface properties between sputtered chromium (Cr) coatings and substrates was investigated. The surface energy increased linearly and reached a maximum value of 74 mJ/m2 by APST. The increase in surface energy is due to the increased value of the polar component in surface energy. When the samples were exposed to the air, the increased surface energy decreased and tended to have hydrophobicity. The work of adhesion for the surface treated samples was calculated using the data of surface tension for water. We demonstrated that the trend of work of adhesion for the samples was similar to the change of adhesion strength between sputtered Cr coatings and the surface treated substrates. (Received March 13, 2013)
우리나라 만성 C형간염 환자에서 페그인터페론과 리바비린의 병합치료에 대한 효과
강명주 ( Myoung Joo Kang ),정은욱 ( Eun Uk Jung ),박상원 ( Sang Won Park ),최바울 ( Pa Ul Choi ),김지현 ( Ji Hyun Kim ),박성재 ( Sung Jae Park ),박은택 ( Eun Taek Park ),이연재 ( Youn Jae Lee ),이상혁 ( Sang Hyuk Lee ),설상영 ( Sa 대한간학회 2008 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.14 No.3